French wines ntawm Burgundy
French wines ntawm Burgundy
Anonim

Txhua yam hloov pauv sai npaum li cas hauv ntiaj teb no! Nees nkaum xyoo dhau los, peb tsuas tuaj yeem nyeem txog cov cawv txiv hmab ntawm Burgundy los ntawm cov classics ua ntej. Tam sim no, hauv ib lub khw loj lossis tsev noj mov muaj kev xaiv loj ntawm cov dej qab zib hauv ntiaj teb no. Muaj tseeb tiag, thaum lub sij hawm ntau xyoo ntawm Soviet hwj chim nyob rau hauv Russia, kab lis kev cai kab lis kev cai txuam nrog Fabkis wines tau ploj. Yog li ntawd, tam sim no lawv cov kiv cua inquisitive yuav tsum tau sau cov kev paub tsis meej hauv cheeb tsam no lawv tus kheej.

Tsis yog thaj av cawv ib txwm

Burgundy, thaj tsam keeb kwm ntawm Fabkis, lub ntiaj teb tshuav nuj nqis ntau. Tseeb tiag, kev yees duab, kev ua yeeb yaj kiab, lub taub hau nyeem CD tau tsim tawm ntawm no, Gustave Eiffel tau yug los ntawm no. Gourmets txaus siab rau Burgundy rau Dijon mustard, gingerbread, Creme de Cassis liqueur thiab, ntawm chav kawm, thawj-chav wines.

Txawm hais tias txhua yam, thaj chaw thaj chaw no, nws yuav zoo li, tsis tsim nyog rau kev ua winemaking. Txawm li cas los xij, raws li Denis Du Bordieu, tus kws tshaj lij ntawm oenology, nws yog nyob ntawm ciam teb ntawm huab cua txias thiab sov, uas muaj cawv ntau tshwm sim. Thiab Burgundy hauv qhov kev hwm no tuaj yeem suav tias yog kev piav qhiaexample.

caw burgundy
caw burgundy

Av-kev nyab xeeb yam xwm txheej thiab huab cua hauv cheeb tsam pheej sib tw cov neeg tsim khoom hauv zos. Qee tus ntawm lawv txawm yuav tsum siv cov tshuab hluav taws xob cua sov hauv lawv cov vaj txiv hmab. Yog li, Burgundy wines yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus kheej thiab kev hlub ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv zos rau lawv thaj av.

Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij neej tsas sawv daws

Txawm hais tias muaj huab cua nyuaj, winemaking tau xyaum hauv Burgundy tau ntev. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txhim kho ntawm ceg ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb no tau ua los ntawm cov abbeys ntawm Benedictines thiab Cistercians. Nyob rau hauv Nruab Nrab Hnub nyoog, cov hauj sam tsis tau tsuas yog bred ib co ntawm cov tam sim no paub ntau yam txiv hmab txiv ntoo, tab sis kuj tsim ntau yam winemaking. Hauv lwm lo lus, Burgundy tshuav nqi ntau ntawm nws lub koob meej thoob ntiaj teb rau cov txiv dawb huv inventive.

Rau lub sijhawm ntev, cov khoom lag luam ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom lag luam hauv zos tau muab rau Fabkis txoj kev lag luam nkaus xwb. Nws tau pib tuaj rau hauv me me xwb ob peb centuries dhau los. Burgundy cawv thawj zaug tuaj rau Russia nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 16th. thiab hu ua "Romanea".

Modern production

Hnub no lub nroog winemaking ntawm cheeb tsam yog lub nroog Beaune. Burgundy nws tus kheej tsis tuaj yeem hu ua tus tsim khoom loj ntawm cov dej cawv. Tsuas yog 3% ntawm Fabkis kev lag luam wines raug tsim tawm ntawm no. Tib lub sijhawm, 70% ntawm cov qoob loo sau los ntawm 4,200 tus neeg tsim khoom yog ntim los ntawm 150 tus tub lag luam.

Wine vuas yog hu ua "proprietes" lossis "domains". Yog hais tias lub vaj txiv hmab yog cov cuab yeej ntawm ib tus tswv, ces qhov kev xaiv Monopole tuaj yeem pom ntawm daim ntawv lo ntawm cawv.

liab caw burgundy
liab caw burgundy

Burgundy yog cov teb chaws Europe sab qaum teb tshaj plaws tsim cov cawv liab zoo. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tseem ceeb siv los ua cov cawv liab thiab dawb yog raws li hauv qab no:

  • Pinot Noir.
  • Chardonnay.
  • Game.
  • "Aligote".
  • Sauvignon Blanc.

Kev koom tes ntawm cov cawv zoo ntawm Burgundy

Thawj qhov kev faib tawm ntawm cheeb tsam tau ua tiav xyoo 1861. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab kev nthuav qhia thoob plaws lub teb chaws ntawm appellations nyob rau hauv 1935, lub systematization ntawm Burgundy wines tau hloov. Appellation hais txog thaj chaw thaj chaw uas cov txiv hmab tau cog, nrog rau cov kev cai tsim rau kev tsim cov cawv txiv hmab.

Hnub no, cov vaj txiv hmab zoo tshaj plaws hauv cheeb tsam hu ua "Grand Cru" thiab "Premier Cru". Lawv ua raws li lub regional lossis communal appellations. Sparkling Burgundy wines muaj lawv lub npe - Cremant de Bourgogne.

Cov npe nrov tshaj plaws hauv cheeb tsam, uas kwv yees li 64% ntawm tag nrho cov cawv Burgundy raug tsim, yog:

  • Bourgogne Aligote.
  • Macon Zos.
  • Coteaux Bourguignons.
dawb wine los ntawm burgundy
dawb wine los ntawm burgundy

Burgundy muaj ob peb thaj chaw loj cawv:

  • Chablis thiab Grand Auxerrois.
  • Cote de Beaune.
  • Cote de Nuits.
  • Chatillon.
  • Makone.
  • Chalonnaise Cat thiab Coshua.

Qhov no yog qhov uas feem ntau ntawm cov cawv txiv hmab zoo tshaj plaws tau tsim tawm, uas peb yuav tau paub hauv qab no.

Chablis

Lub cheeb tsam no yog tej zaum lub npe nrov tshaj plaws nyob rau hauvRussia txij thaum xyoo pua 18th. Feem ntau qhuav wines yog tsim los ntawm no, nrog cov yam ntxwv ntxhia tones, txij li cov av ntawm Chablis yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv limestone. Plaub lub npe tsim 23% ntawm tag nrho cov cawv Burgundy:

qhov zoo tshaj plaws burgundy wines
qhov zoo tshaj plaws burgundy wines
  1. Petit Chablis yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws nyiam ob xyoos tom qab sau qoob ua ib qho aperitif.
  2. Cov cawv ntawm Chablis appellation raug pom zoo kom haus tom qab 2-3 xyoos. Lawv mus zoo nrog yuav luag txhua lub tais.
  3. Sab saum toj 40 premier cru sites hauv Chablis cog txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas tom qab ntawd siv los tsim cov cawv zoo tshaj plaws rau cov ntses lossis nqaij nruab deg.
  4. Thiab thaum kawg, Chablis grand cru appellation, qhov twg cov dej cawv kim tshaj plaws ntawm thaj av tau tsim. Yog li, ntawm Stockholm auction xyoo 2011, 12 fwj ntawm Chablis Le Clo Grand Cru vintage 1983 raug muag rau 3 txhiab daus las.

Rau cov cawv txiv hmab los ntawm Chablis, xyoo sau yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Raws li cov kws tshaj lij, cov vintages zoo tshaj plaws hauv qhov no yog xyoo 2002, 2005 thiab 2010.

Cote de Beaune

Wines ua nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam no yog xa tawm mus rau ntau lub teb chaws. Piv txwv li, "Montrachet" nrog me ntsis nutty tsw yog suav tias yog, thiab tsis yog vim li cas, yog ib qho zoo tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Nws tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm Thomas Jefferson thiab Alexandre Dumas, thiab hnub no ib rooj plaub ntawm cov cawv dawb no los ntawm Burgundy (vintage 1990) tau muag ntawm Sotheby's rau $ 62,000.

Kev sib txuas lus zoo ntawm Meursault cog qoob loo feem ntau yog Chardonnay txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntau yam. Wines tau tsim tawm ntawm no txij thaum Christmas 1098, uas yog, yuav luag ib txhiab xyoo. Oenologists, kws tshaj lij hauvthaj chaw ntawm winemaking muab rau lawv ib qho kev npaj txhij txog yam ntxwv: buttery, meaty thiab nplua nuj nyob rau hauv flavour.

Ntxiv rau cov cawv dawb, Côte de Beaune sub-region kuj tsim cov cawv liab. Pommard appellation paub txog qhov muaj zog, tsim Pinot Noir wines. Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, Volnay appellation tsim elegant, refined cawv los ntawm nws.

Beaujolais burgundy caw
Beaujolais burgundy caw

Cote de Nuits

13% ntawm cov cawv txiv hmab Burgundy tau ntim ntawm no. Lawv txawv los ntawm cov xim sib sib zog nqus thiab ilv saj. Wines los ntawm Côte de Nuits tau hlub los ntawm Napoleon Bonaparte thiab Charles de Gaulle. Txawm tias cov tub ntxhais hluas haus dej haus los ntawm thaj av no ua rau muaj kev sib cav ntawm connoisseurs. Piv txwv li, xyoo 2012, rau lub fwj ntawm xyoo 2005 vintage tau muag ntawm Christie's rau $ 20,000.

Txawm hais tias qhov kev ywj pheej ntawm La Romana yog ib lub npe me tshaj plaws hauv Fabkis, cov cawv uas tsim tawm ntawm no suav tias yog kim tshaj plaws thiab tsis tshua muaj nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb. Thiab tsis xav tsis thoob, vim tsuas yog 300 lub thawv tsim tawm ib xyoos.

Neighboring Romanet-Conti muaj npe nrov rau qhov tseeb tias ib zaug nws tus tswv yog Prince de Conti, uas tau tawm tsam rau txoj cai los ua tus tswv nrog Marquise de Pompadour, tus poj niam ntawm Louis XV. Niaj hnub no, kev tsim cov vineyard monopoly no muaj nuj nqis heev. Yog li, xyoo 2013, cov ntaub ntawv sau tseg ntawm $ 1.6 lab tau them rau kev sau ntawm Romanet-Conti wines (114 fwj).

Makone

Qhov no yog qhov loj tshaj plaws thiab tib lub sijhawm cov cawv txiv hmab loj hlob nyob rau sab qab teb ntawm Burgundy. Yuav luag 80% ntawm nws thaj chaw yog nyob los ntawm vineyards ntawm classic Chardonnay ntau yam. Cov kev lig kev cai ntawm dawb wine ntau lawm yogMakone tob cag. Thawj cov winemakers hauv zos tuaj yeem suav hais tias yog cov hauj sam ntawm Cluny Abbey, nrhiav tau hauv 909.

zoo wines ntawm burgundy
zoo wines ntawm burgundy

Beaujolais

Cov tub ntxhais hluas haus dej "Beaujolais" tau txais koob meej thoob ntiaj teb, txij li xyoo 1951, kev ua koob tsheej txhua xyoo tau tuav nws lub koob meej. Thiab tam sim no, thaum kawg ntawm lub Kaum Ib Hlis, cov cawv ntawm cov qoob loo tshiab tau saj tsis tau tsuas yog hauv Fabkis, tab sis kuj nyob rau lwm lub teb chaws. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv Russia, hnub so ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas caw tau ua kev zoo siab txij li thaum 1999.

Beaujolais Nouveau yog Burgundy liab caw uas tsim tau kwv yees li 40 lab fwj hauv ib xyoos. Cov thawj coj hauv ntiaj teb hauv nws cov khoom noj yog, oddly txaus, cov Japanese. Lawv haus ib feem peb ntawm tag nrho cov qoob loo.

Qhov nrov ntawm Beaujolais Nouveau yog ntuj, raws li cov dej haus noble txawv los ntawm freshness, qab ntxiag softness thiab muaj peev xwm quench nqhis dej zoo.

Eno-txoj cai

Cov kws tshaj lij paub tseeb tias cawv yuav tsum haus cawv los ntawm iav tshwj xeeb tsim los rau ib hom dej haus. Qhov no yog li cas lawv lub ntsej muag ntau yam tau nthuav tawm tag nrho.

wine iav burgundy
wine iav burgundy

iav rau Burgundy cawv muaj qhov ntim ntawm li 700 ml thiab zoo li cov kua loj. Vim qhov chaw sib cuag dav ntawm cov dej haus nrog oxygen, nws cov ntawv sau ntau yam sib cuam tshuam ntau li ntau tau, nthuav tawm cov aroma thiab saj zoo heev. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov nce acidity ntawm Burgundy wines yog offset los ntawm qhov dav ntawm lub khob.

Pom zoo: