Ntxuav moonshine nrog dej qab zib thiab poov tshuaj permanganate: proportions, lus pom zoo, qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev tu

2024 Tus sau: Isabella Gilson | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 03:27

Cov txheej txheem kom tau txais moonshine los ntawm distillation yuav tsum tau ntxiv cov kauj ruam thiab cov khoom. Ua ntej theem kawg ntawm kev npaj cov dej haus, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ntxuav nws, txij li nyob rau hauv lub xeev unpurified nws tuaj yeem ua rau mob hnyav heev. Tsis tas li ntawd, moonshine "tsis ua tiav" muaj qhov tsis hnov tsw tsw phem thiab tsis muaj qhov phem tsawg.

Kom tau txais cov khoom ntshiab uas zoo heev, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau ua kom raug. Cov kws tshaj lij txheeb xyuas qhov tsim nyog tshaj plaws rau kev tu lub moonshine - dej qab zib thiab poov tshuaj permanganate. Tab sis dab tsi yog proportions?

Kev siv cov poov tshuaj permanganate

Potassium permanganate niaj hnub no nyuaj heev los nrhiav txawm nyob hauv khw muag tshuaj. Tej zaum nws tseem nyob ntawm lub sijhawm uas nws tau muag dawb. Tab sis kuj yog ib qho kev daws teeb meem zoo los nug ib ncig.

Cov tshuaj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev ntxuav cov dej haus, vim nws yog cov tshuaj muaj zog oxidizing. Thiab nws muaj peev xwm siv qhov kev txiav txim no los ua qhov tshwm simsediment nyob rau hauv lwm yam khoom. Cov khib nyiab no yog "pob zeb" uas lub hli yuav tsum tau ntxuav.

Nws txaus tom qab ntxiv cov tshuaj lim dej kom tshem tawm cov sediment.

YTab sis qee qhov hais tias poov tshuaj permanganate tsis tuaj yeem ntxuav lub hli tag nrho, yog li koj yuav tsum tau ncab cov txheej txheem rau ob zaug - thawj zaug kho nrog poov tshuaj permanganate, thiab tom qab ntawd nrog dej qab zib. Nws yog cov txheej txheem no uas suav nrog kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev tu lub hli nrog dej qab zib thiab poov tshuaj permanganate.

Yog tias cov dej haus raws li ntau yam txiv hmab txiv ntoo, tsis muaj qhov taw qhia hauv kev ntxuav nws nrog poov tshuaj permanganate. Tom qab tag nrho, nws txoj kev cuam tshuam yuav tsis hloov dab tsi hauv qhov no.

Y Tab sis, tom qab tag nrho, yuav ua li cas ntxuav moonshine nrog poov tshuaj permanganate thiab dej qab zib? Puas yog cov proportions ntawm cov tshuaj tib yam los tsis?

Ratio

Ua ntej siv txoj kev sib xyaw ua ke, koj yuav tsum tau ua nrog ib feem. Txhawm rau ntxuav cov mash, koj tsis tas yuav ua cov haujlwm nyuaj, nws txaus los ua kom muaj kev faib ua feem - siv li 2 grams ntawm poov tshuaj permanganate ib liter ntawm kua. Tom qab ntawd txhua yam yog tov kom huv si thiab lub nkoj xa mus rau 12 teev mus rau qhov tsaus ntuj tshaj plaws. Ntxiv mus, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum muaj qhov kub thiab txias.

Cov txheej txheem xaus nrog cov av seem hauv qab tau lim tawm siv cov ntaub qhwv thiab cov lim dej hauv chav ua noj. Cov dej haus yuav ci ntsa iab thaum ua tiav.

Siab

Ntxuav moonshine nrog dej qab zib thiab poov tshuaj permanganate suav nrog ib tus lej tshwj xeeb, vim tias tsis muaj cov tshuaj yuav ntxuav cov dej haus tsis zoo, thiabib qho overabundance tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem nrog lub plab zom mov.

Soda pab kom tshem tawm tag nrho cov teeb meem, thiab tom qab ntawd kuj ua rau cov pob txha. Nws yuav tsum tau lim zoo siv cov khoom siv zoo tshaj plaws. Ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm cov tshuaj phem yog muaj nyob rau hauv cov sediment, lawv tuaj yeem yooj yim ua rau mob plab, mob thiab lom. Tom qab ua tiav cov txheej txheem, nws yuav tsis mob rov qab distilled dej. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm moonshine tuaj yeem noj yam tsis muaj kev ntshai ua rau koj noj qab haus huv.

Yuav ua li cas ntxiv dej qab zib?

Ntxuav moonshine nrog poov tshuaj permanganate thiab dej qab zib pab ua kom dej haus zoo dua thiab lom zem dua. Txoj cai yooj yim rau kev siv cov teeb meem dawb yog siv ua ke nrog poov tshuaj permanganate. Tsis txhob siv dej qab zib tshauv, vim nws yog qhov txaus ntshai thiab muaj kuab lom rau tib neeg lub cev.

Rau ib liter ntawm kua, koj yuav tsum tau ntxiv 10 grams ntawm cov khoom kom ua tau zoo. Qhov kev faib ua feem no yuav pab ntxuav lub moonshine nrog ci dej qab zib thiab poov tshuaj permanganate, tab sis nws yuav tsis ua mob rau lub cev.

Qhov tshwm sim yuav yog cov khoom qab zib thiab cov khoom qab zib uas ua kom pom tseeb. Tsis tas li ntawd, tsis hais tus naj npawb ntawm distillation ntawm cov dej haus, lub zog tseem nyob, nws tsis hloov los ntawm ib ppm.

Ntxuav moonshine nrog poov tshuaj permanganate thiab dej qab zib

Kev sib xyaw ua ke yog siv dav. Txij li nws yog nws uas pab kom ua tiav cov dej haus zoo. Cais, tshuaj tsis tuaj yeem tiv nrog txoj haujlwm.

Proportions rau tu moonshine nrog dej qab zibThiab poov tshuaj permanganate tseem tsis hloov pauv txawm tias ua ke. Koj tsuas yog yuav tsum ua raws li qhov tseeb ntawm txhua qhov kev ua.

Ua ntej ua tiav cov txheej txheem, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom txo tau lub zog ntawm cov khoom mus rau qhov chaw mus txog 40%, qhov no tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev ntxiv dej. Yuav tsum tau ua kom cov txheej txheem ua tiav.

Ua raws li cov kauj ruam tau piav qhia ua ntej hauv theem, thaum kawg ntawm cov txheej txheem peb kuj tso lub thawv rau hauv qhov chaw tsaus rau 12 teev kom ua kom cov txheej txheem zoo dua.

Kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj

Yog tias ib tus neeg ua cov txheej txheem thawj zaug thiab tsis paub yuav ua li cas ntxuav moonshine kom zoo nrog poov tshuaj permanganate thiab dej qab zib, ces nws yuav nyiam qhov kev xaiv thib ob ntau dua, vim nws nyuaj tshaj plaws.

Lub ntsiab lus ntawm nws yog nyob rau hauv kev siv ob yam khoom tib lub sijhawm, thiab tsis nyob rau theem. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, koj yuav tsum ua kom sib tov ntawm poov tshuaj permanganate hauv qhov sib piv ntawm 1.5 litres ib 1.5-2 grams ntawm cov khoom. Piv txwv li, yog tias nws yog tsib litres ntawm moonshine, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau ntxiv cov tshuaj uas muaj 5-7 grams ntawm poov tshuaj permanganate thiab ib khob dej rau nws.

Yam txawv nrog dej qab zib - nws yuav tsum tau tov nrog moonshine hauv nws daim ntawv ntshiab. Ntxiv 10 grams ntawm cov khoom rau 1 liter ntawm moonshine.

Sib tov tag nrho cov sib tov kom huv si, thiab xa mus rau qhov chaw tsaus rau infuse rau 14 teev. Tom qab qhov kawg ntawm cov txheej txheem, nws yog qhov zoo heev los lim cov sediment nrog gauze los yog lim.

Yog tias lub zog txo qis tsis haum rau koj, ces cov dej haus tuaj yeem rov ua dua hauv cov cuab yeej, vim qhov twgtus naj npawb ntawm cov degrees yuav nce. Paub yuav ua li cas ntxuav moonshine nrog poov tshuaj permanganate thiab dej qab zib, txhua leej txhua tus tuaj yeem ua dej haus zoo.

moonshine purified yog dab tsi?

Dab tsi yog cov tshuaj phem heev uas yuav tsum tau tshem tawm?

Ua ntej tshaj, nws yog methanol lossis methyl cawv. Nws cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv moonshine yog yuav luag imperceptible (tsis ntau tshaj 0.01 mg / l), yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv cov suab thaj thiab nplej moonshine, nws yog txaus los siv fractional distillation txoj kev. Cov cawv yuav evaporate vim nws muaj qhov kub ntawm 64.7 o C. Nyob rau hauv ntau yam txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo mashes, hom no tsis yog siv, vim nws spoils lub aroma thiab saj.

Acetic aldehyde pom muaj ntau txaus hauv cov dej haus ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau kev noj qab haus huv.

Cov roj Fusel tsim cov ntxhiab tsw ntxhiab tsw ntawm lub hli tsis zoo. Nws muaj teeb meem rau lub cev, vim nws muaj isoamyl cawv. Uas muaj tshuaj lom heev thiab muaj kev phom sij rau kev noj qab haus huv, tuaj yeem ua rau kub hnyiab rau cov mucous membranes. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv siab concentration, nws ua rau asphyxia nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg.

Nrhiav kom paub yuav ua li cas ntxuav moonshine nrog baking soda thiab poov tshuaj permanganate yuav tsis tsuas yog muab rau koj haus dej zoo xwb, tab sis kuj tshem tawm tag nrho cov tshuaj uas ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau tib neeg noj qab haus huv.

Moonshine tu theem

Ua ntej xa cov dej haus rau thawj distillation, nws yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo. Ua raws li txhua txoj cai ntawm kev npaj yuav pab tsim kom muaj cawv zoo.

Kom muaj cov ntsiab lus qis ntawm cov roj fusel hauv lub hli tiav, koj yuav tsum sivib nrab ntawm cov poov xab nyob rau theem pib. Cov kev tshawb pom tau lees paub los ntawm ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb.

Tag nrho cov distillation kom tau zoo moonshine yuav tsum muaj ob, yam tsawg kawg nkaus. Txhua theem muaj kev tu kom raws sij hawm thiab pom. Tsis txhob cia siab rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws thiab tsis quav ntsej cov kauj ruam ua noj, vim qhov no yuav ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau kev noj qab haus huv. Yog tias tsis muaj lub siab xav ua haujlwm, ces txoj hauv kev yooj yim tshaj plaws yog mus yuav cawv ntawm lub khw ze tshaj plaws. Tab sis qhov no kuj tsis tau lees tias muaj peev xwm tau txais cov dej haus zoo.

txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim moonshine yog qhov nyuaj heev, tab sis qhov tshwm sim yog txaus siab.

Ua ntej thib ob distillation

Ntxuav moonshine nrog dej qab zib thiab poov tshuaj permanganate tsis yog tib txoj kev xaiv. Coagulant tu kuj ua tau. Nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej, muaj ib pab pawg tshwj xeeb ntawm cov tshuaj uas tuaj yeem ua kua nplaum, txuas rau lwm tus, uas tom qab ntawd tsis yooj yim rau lim los ntawm moonshine. Fusel roj, esters raug tshem tawm sai sai los ntawm txoj kev no. Cov proteins uas muaj nyob rau hauv qee cov khoom muaj peev xwm coagulate hauv cawv muaj zog, nqus hauv txhua hom kev puas tsuaj. Raws li txoj cai, qe dawb thiab cov khoom siv mis nyuj siv.

Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ntxiv ob peb qe qaib rau 1 liter ntawm kua, tom qab sib cais los ntawm cov yolks. Dej yog ntxiv rau cov protein thiab cov sib tov yog poured rau hauv ib lub thawv nrog moonshine. Qhov teeb meem ntawm txoj kev yog tias nws tsuas yog tsim nyog rau cov dej qab zib muaj zog, nrog lub zog tsis muaj zog, cov protein folds rau lub sijhawm ntev thiab tsis txaus siab.

YYog tias qhov kev xaiv poob rau mis nyuj, ces koj yuav tsum ncuav 1 liter rau 10 liv ntawm moonshine. Cov txheej txheem yog nrawm los ntawm kev ntxiv citric acid lossis kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Tshem tawm cov khib nyiab thiab hausdilute thiab xa mus rau distillation tom ntej.

Ob txoj hauv kev tsis yog tsom rau qhov kawg ntawm kev haus dej haus, tab sis ntawm kev ntxuav ntawm theem. Qhov no yog qhov zoo rau kev tshem tawm tsis yog tsw xwb, tab sis kuj muaj teeb meem tshuaj.

Tseem muaj kev xaiv ntxuav uas tau siv kom deb li deb rov qab mus rau xyoo 19th. Nws yog raws li kev siv dej qab zib-ntsev tov. Rau cov txheej txheem, koj yuav xav tau 1 tablespoon ntawm ntsev, ci dej qab zib - kuj 1 tablespoon thiab cawv nrog lub zog ntawm tsawg kawg yog 40% - 1 liter. Nws yog tsim nyog los ntxiv tag nrho cov khoom xyaw rau haus, ces sib tov zoo. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas tsis muaj ntsev muaju thiab cov nplej ntawm cov dej qab zib nyob, ces kev ntxuav yuav zoo tshaj plaws. Cia cov sib tov so rau 30 feeb kom yaj tag.

Tom qab lwm qhov co, lub thawv yuav tsum muab tso rau hauv chav tsaus txias rau 14 teev. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsim nyog yuav tshwm sim, uas yuav ua rau tag nrho cov teeb meem tshuaj hloov mus rau hauv cov dej nag. Koj tuaj yeem tshem nws nrog gauze lossis lim, nws tseem tuaj yeem ua qhov no los ntawm qhov me me nrog cov paj rwb ntsaws.

Nyob zoo

Ntxuav moonshine nrog poov tshuaj permanganate thiab dej qab zib muaj ntau yam zoo:

• dej cawv yuav ua kom huv si, pob tshab - cov txheej txheem tuaj yeem cuam tshuam sai sai ntawm cawv, txhim kho nws zoo;
• cov khoom yuav tsis muaj cov roj fusel - cov khoom txaus ntshai heev yuav ncav cuag qhov tsis tseem ceeb, yog li ua mob rau lub cev yuav tsis ua tiav;
• yooj yim lim cov dej nag uas tshwm sim;
• Qhov tsis hnov tsw yuav qab ntxiag thiab cov saj me me.

Lub kaw lus ntawm kev ntxuav yuav tsis zoo heev thaum tsis muaj dej qab zib. Nws pab poov tshuaj permanganate kom ua tiav nws cov haujlwm huv. Tom qab cov txheej txheem zoo li no, koj tuaj yeem haus dej haus yam tsis muaj kev ntshai ua rau koj noj qab haus huv.

Vim li cas thab thaum koj tuaj yeem yuav?

Ntau tus neeg hauv ntiaj teb ntseeg tias nws muaj peev xwm yuav cawv hauv txhua lub khw, txawm tias tus nqi tsawg, yog li kev ua hauv tsev tsis ncaj ncees thiab coj txawv txawv. Ib tug tsis ntseeg tus cwj pwm ntawm cov khoom siv tes ua no tau tsim vim qhov tseeb tias nws raug txwv nyob rau hauv lub Soviet Union. Tsuas yog cov neeg nyob deb nroog tau koom nrog lub hli ci.

Tab sis muaj qhov zoo los ua lub hli:

• Txoj kev kawm rau kev npaj, ua haujlwm thiab tu lub hli tuaj yeem nthuav dav koj lub qab ntug, nrog rau muab kev paub txog chemistry.
• Thaum ua noj, koj tuaj yeem qhia koj qhov kev xav, nrhiav cov zaub mov txawv txawv uas yuav txaus siab rau lwm tus.
• Txhua tus neeg pom nws tus kheej qhov twg yog lub hauv paus hauv nws cov dej haus, yog li nws paub tias nws yog ntuj. Lub khw muag khoom cawv yeej tsis lav qhov no.

Qhov no kuj yog ib txoj haujlwm txaus ntshai, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias tsis muaj kev paub zoo. Thiab tsis txhob hnov qab tias qee zaum qaug cawv ua rau tuag taus.