Cocoa taum: cov txiaj ntsig thiab siv. Cocoa taum: yees duab

2024 Tus sau: Isabella Gilson | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 03:27

Cov ntoo uas cog taum taum tuaj ntawm Central America (chaw ntawm Mexico niaj hnub). Zoo li ntau lwm tus neeg sawv cev ntawm cov nroj tsuag, txij li thaum nrhiav pom ntawm lub teb chaws no los ntawm cov neeg European, lawv tau muab faib thoob plaws ntiaj teb. Tam sim no, cocoa yog tsim nyob rau hauv cov lus hais nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov teb chaws uas climatic tej yam kev mob tso cai. Yeej, peb tab tom tham txog qhov chaw yug ntawm cov nroj tsuag - Central America, nrog rau Africa thiab qee lub tebchaws Esxias.

tsob ntoo chocolate zoo li cas

Qhov tseeb, muaj ntau hom nroj tsuag hais, tab sis lawv tag nrho ua ke ua ob lub ntsiab - criollo thiab forastero. Ntau yam ntawm thawj qeb yog ntau capricious nyob rau hauv ntau lawm, txawm li cas los xij, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm cov ntoo no suav hais tias yog qhov zoo thiab, raws li, kim dua (los ntawm $ 20,000 ib tuj lossis ntau dua). Cov pab pawg thib ob yog qhov xav tau tsawg dua, tab sis qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo li taum cocoa taum zoo. Tus nqi rau lawv yuav qis dua (kwv yees li 12-15 txhiab).

Zoontoo loj hlob nyob rau hauv cov hav zoov ntawm Central thiab South America, thiab cultivated - nyob rau hauv tshwj xeeb plantations. Lawv siab heev, qee zaum ncav cuag 9 meters lossis ntau dua. Nws yog noteworthy tias lawv zoo nkauj paj, outwardly zoo li orchids, nyob tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub ceg, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv lub cev nws tus kheej. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis yog txhua tus ntawm lawv thaum kawg yuav dhau los ua txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Raws li txoj cai, tsawg dua 10% ntawm cov xim hloov dua siab tshiab rau hauv lawv.

Cov qoob loo tau sau ntau zaus hauv ib xyoos (feem ntau yog ob). Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb (txog 90% ntawm tag nrho) thiab nruab nrab (kwv yees li 10%). Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm cov nroj tsuag loj heev, txog li 500 grams txhua. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab ntxuav, ziab thiab sorting, tsis muaj dab tsi tshuav rau muag. Qhov nruab nrab, kwv yees li ib kilogram ntawm taum npaj muag tawm los ntawm ib tsob ntoo.

Hais txog cov khoom tswj kom zoo

Nyob rau kev ua thawj zaug, taum cocoa tau muab rho tawm los ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab raug rau fermentation (ntau tshaj ob peb hnub, maj mam rhuab mus rau 50 degrees). Yog li ntawd, cov txheej txheem fermentation ntuj tshwm sim, cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov khoom hloov pauv, thiab nws cov saj zoo dua. Fermentation yog ua tiav los ntawm qeeb ziab hauv lub hnub, tom qab uas taum cocoa tau npaj muag. Cov ntaub ntawv raw, qhov zoo ntawm qhov uas feem ntau yog nyob ntawm ntau yam ntawm cov nroj tsuag nws tus kheej, kev loj hlob thiab kev ua raws li cov thev naus laus zis, nkag mus rau hauv kev ua lag luam. Tom qab ntawd nws yog thaum kawg ua tiav rau hauv butter thiab cocoa hmoov.

Cov neeg yuav khoom, raws li txoj cai, txiav txim siab qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom los ntawm cov yam ntxwv sab nraud (xim, qhov loj, qhov sib xws), tsw. Qee zaum, kom paub tseeb tias cov taum cocoa sib phimcov qauv tsim, ib qho yuav tsum tau siv tshuaj ntsuam xyuas.

Composition

Cocoa taum (daim duab saum toj no) zoo nkauj appetizing. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv muaj ib tug qab ntxiag aroma. Tab sis puas muaj dab tsi pab tau rau tib neeg lub cev hauv lawv cov khoom? Txhawm rau teb cov lus nug no, koj yuav tsum xub xav txog cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm cov khoom. Cocoa taum muaj cov tub ntxhais thiab lub plhaub (cacavel), uas muaj yam tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig.

Cov khoom tseem ceeb uas tsim los ntawm cov nroj tsuag no yog roj (cov ntsiav muaj li 50% rog). Nws yog dav siv hauv kev lag luam khoom noj khoom haus (piv txwv li, rau kev tsim cov qhob noom xim kasfes), nws feem ntau suav nrog cov tshuaj pleev ib ce. Yog hais tias peb xav txog tag nrho cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cocoa taum, nws yuav ua tau raws li nram no: rog - mus txog 55%, protein - mus txog 15%, starch - txog 7%, fiber 3-4%. Qhov seem yog dej, theobromine, melanin, caffeine, calcium, phosphorus. Tsis tas li ntawd, cocoa taum muaj cov vitamins B thiab PP, nrog rau cov tshuaj tua kab mob antioxidant, uas tso cai rau lawv siv rau hauv cov tshuaj thiab kws tshuaj. Lawv kuj muaj txog 300 cov tshuaj tsw qab, uas ua ke muab ib qho "chocolate" tsw.

Txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cocoa

Xav txog cov khoom ntawm cov khoom no, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho nws yog tsim nyog los nthuav qhia nws raws li raw khoom rau kev lag luam zaub mov. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cocoa taum, cov txiaj ntsig thiab kev puas tsuaj uas yuav luag sib npaug, tuaj yeem yog lub zog zoo, vim muaj cov ntsiab lus siab ntawm carbohydrates, muaj caffeine thiabcalories. Tsis tas li ntawd, ib qho yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab txog antioxidants, ua tsaug rau cov khoom siv ob qho tib si hauv tshuaj thiab hauv cosmetology. Tsis txiav txim siab, tab sis tseem yog lub luag haujlwm tsis txaus ntseeg yog ua los ntawm cov vitamins thiab fiber. Melanin, uas yog ib feem ntawm taum, tso cai tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub. Vim muaj cov vitamin D (uas tsis tshua muaj rau cov khoom siv cog), tshuaj pleev ib ce muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab plaub hau.

Feem ntau, cov taum cocoa, kev siv uas tau ntev tau tsis txwv rau kev tsim cov qhob noom xim kasfes thiab lwm yam khoom qab zib, tau siv txij thaum ub los. Cov Aztecs thiab lwm tus neeg uas nyob hauv South America tau haus dej haus cawv los ntawm lawv. Muaj tseeb tiag, txoj kev uas lawv tau ua yog deb heev ntawm niaj hnub, tab sis txawm tias tom qab ntawd lawv paub txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov khoom muaj nyob hauv lawv.

Dab tsi phem txog cocoa

Ua ntej tshaj, calories. Piv txwv li, lub zog tus nqi ntawm cov qhob noom xim kasfes, cov khoom loj tshaj plaws ua los ntawm cov taum cocoa, yog los ntawm 500 kcal ib 100 grams thiab ntau dua (yog tias peb xav txog cov khoom hauv nws daim ntawv ntshiab, daim duab no yuav ntau dua). Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv muaj caffeine, uas, nrog rau kev zoo siab, tuaj yeem ua rau muaj ntshav siab ntxiv. Yog li ntawd, rau cov neeg mob ntshav siab thiab cov menyuam yaus, cov khoom qab zib los ntawm cocoa taum thiab lwm yam khoom yuav tsum tau siv nrog ceev faj. Lwm cov khoom ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo - theobromine, paub txog nws lub peev xwm los kov yeej kev nyuaj siab thiab txhim kho mus ob peb vas, raws li qee cov kws tshawb fawb, yog ib qho tshuaj lom uas muaj zog heev. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum lub sij hawm ntau lawm, raws li zoo raws li tam sim ntawd tom qab sau ntawm cocoacov taum yog nyoos thiab tom qab ntawd, tom qab fermentation thiab ziab, lawv feem ntau kho nrog cov tshuaj muaj zog heev. Lawv ua qhov no txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov qoob loo ntawm cov kab tsuag thiab tiv thaiv kev lwj. Lawm, qee cov tshuaj lom tau nkag mus rau hauv thiab khaws cia rau hauv cov khoom tiav.

Yog li ntawd, thaum siv cov khoom uas muaj cocoa taum, cov txiaj ntsig thiab kev puas tsuaj yuav tsum tau nkag siab, thiab qhov ntau npaum li cas yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab. Yog tias tib qho chocolate noj me ntsis, tsis muaj dab tsi phem yuav tshwm sim, thiab lub siab xav yuav zoo dua.

Yuav ua li cas siv cocoa butter tom tsev

Nws tuaj yeem yuav khoom zoo ntawm lub tsev muag tshuaj (rau kev siv sab nraud) lossis tom khw muag khoom noj (rau noj). Dab tsi yog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cocoa taum, peb tau tham ua ntej. Tab sis txoj kev xav yog kev xav, thiab kev xyaum yog kev xyaum. Wb saib yuav ua li cas koj thiaj siv tau cov khoom kom muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm lub cev hauv tsev.

Ua ntej, kev noj ncaj qha. Lawm, qhov no tsis tau txhais hais tias koj yuav tsum tau gnaw lawv (txawm hais tias qhov kev xaiv no kuj tau tso cai), nws yog txaus siv cocoa hmoov los yog butter nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ua noj. Undoubtedly, feem ntau ntawm lawv yog cov khoom qab zib, xws li chocolate thiab khoom qab zib rau ncuav mog qab zib thiab lwm yam pastries. Qhov thib ob yog nyob ntawm cov dej qab zib, uas suav nrog taum cocoa. Kev siv roj hauv lawv tsis tshua muaj kev xyaum, feem ntau yog siv cov hmoov nplej. Lawv muag hauv khw muag khoom noj.

Nyob rau hauv cosmetology, cocoa butter kuj dav heev. Ua tsaug rau tag nrhonatural fats, antioxidants thiab tonic ntsiab, nws yog feem ntau siv los ua ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm lub qhov ncauj qhov ntswg thiab cream. Nws yog qhov yooj yim heev rau kev thov txawm tias nyob hauv tsev, qhov no tau yooj yim los ntawm qhov sib xws ntawm cov khoom. Nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub, butter yog khov thiab tuaj yeem tawg tau yooj yim (los yog txiav tawm nrog rab riam). Thiab twb nyob rau ntawm 33-35 degrees nws pib yaj, uas yog, los ntawm ib tug me ntsis cua sov nws nyob rau hauv lub microwave los yog nyob rau hauv ib da dej thiab ntxiv lwm yam Cheebtsam, koj yuav tau txais ib tug nourishing daim npog qhov ncauj rau tes los yog lub ntsej muag, plaub hau los yog lub cev. Cosmetologists tshwj xeeb tshaj yog pom zoo cov txheej txheem rau cov neeg uas muaj tawv nqaij qhuav thiab flaky. Tom qab tag nrho, cov roj zoo kawg nkaus nourishes thiab smoothes nws, ua rau nws mos thiab velvety.

Nws tseem pom zoo kom siv los tiv thaiv lub ntsej muag thiab daim di ncauj thaum lub caij ntuj no txias. Nws yog txaus los tuav ib qho me me hauv koj txhais tes, thiab thaum nws pib yaj, lubricate qhov teeb meem nrog nws. Vim cov melanin muaj nyob rau hauv cocoa, nws cov roj yog qee zaum ntxiv rau cov khoom tanning. Tom qab sunbathing, nws tuaj yeem siv rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Qhov no yuav ua rau nws muag thiab txo qhov tsis zoo ntawm UV.

Thiab nws kuj yog siv los ntxiv dag zog thiab loj hlob plaub muag thiab pob muag, nrog rau ib qho ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim lub npog ntsej muag rau cov tawv nqaij ntawm daim tawv muag. Feem ntau, cov kiv cua ntawm cov tshuaj pleev ib ce ntuj yuav tsum yeej muaj cocoa butter ntawm qib siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev ua kom huv hauv lawv cov arsenal. Lawv muag hauv khw muag tshuaj thiab khw muag khoom tshwj xeeb. Kev xaiv zaub mov yuav tsis ua haujlwm, vim muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj.

Hauv tshuaj, cov khoom no yog siv sab nraud (suav nrognyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov tshuaj pleev rau qhov kub hnyiab, dermatitis thiab lwm yam kab mob), thiab sab hauv. Nws cov khoom tso cai rau koj los tua cov kab mob ntawm cov hlab plawv, plab hnyuv thiab cov hlab ntsha. Txawm li cas los xij, cov roj yuav tsum tau siv nrog ceev faj, tsis pub tshaj qhov ntau npaum li cas.

kho kom zoo nkauj nrog chocolate

Ntau lub tsev kho kom zoo nkauj thiab chaw so siv tag nrho cov chaw nrog cov khoom lag luam cocoa. Lawv cov koob meej yog vim qhov kev ua ob zaug. Ua ntej, nws yog qhov zoo rau daim tawv nqaij, thiab qhov thib ob, aromatherapy txhim kho txoj kev xav, muaj cov nyhuv calming ntawm lub paj hlwb.

Chocolate qhwv tightens thiab rejuvenates ntawm daim tawv nqaij, muaj pronounced anti-cellulite thiab los tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab. Cov txheej txheem raug pom zoo hauv kev npaj rau lub caij puam, vim nws tso cai tsis tsuas yog tso lub cev kom zoo, tab sis kuj tiv thaiv cov hluav taws xob ultraviolet.

Chocolate da dej nourishes thiab softens ntawm daim tawv nqaij, normalizes ntshav thiab lymph ncig, txhawb kev so. Nws raug sau tseg rau kev qaug zog thiab kev ntxhov siab, txhawm rau txhim kho kev mob thiab zoo siab.

Massage nrog cov roj chocolate yog siv los tshem tawm cov khoom tsis xws luag (ntxuav, nti). Cov txheej txheem txhawb nqa cov txheej txheem biochemical hauv lub cev, ua raws li kev siv tshuaj tsw qab, txhawb kev xav sib npaug.

Yuav ua li cas thiaj siv taum cocoa tag nrho

Raws li txoj cai, lawv tau siv raw, tab sis tsuas yog tom qab lawv tau ua tiav thawj fermentation. Nyob rau hauv xws litaum muaj cov antioxidants uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua, lawv ua kom muaj zog thiab txhawb nqa. Kev yuav lawv tsis yog ib qho yooj yim raws li npaj ua hmoov los yog roj. Lawv feem ntau muaj nyob rau hauv cov khw muag khoom noj khoom haus tshwj xeeb.

Paub txog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov khoom lag luam, ntau tus tsis nkag siab tias yuav ua li cas nrog cov taum cocoa uas tsis tau txais kev kho cua sov. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, koj yuav tsum cia li saj lawv … Yog, raws li lawv yog. Rau ntau, lawv yuav zoo li edible thiab txawm qab ntxiag. Hauv qhov no, lawv tuaj yeem tsuas yog noj raws li kev noj haus ntxiv ua ntej txhua pluas noj. Qhov siab tshaj plaws noj txhua hnub yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 40 grams (4 tablespoons).

Yog cov taum taum cocoa zoo li tsis qab, lawv tuaj yeem dipped rau hauv zib ntab, kub chocolate lossis siv los ua khoom qab zib los ntawm kev sib tsoo hauv kas fes grinder. Lawv sprinkle ice cream, txiv hmab txiv ntoo zaub xam lav. Raw cocoa taum kuj tseem siv los tsim Chocolatl haus, uas yog qhov tshwj xeeb hauv nws cov khoom. Yuav ua li cas ua noj? Cov tsoos chocolatl, raws li daim ntawv qhia ntawm Indians, yog qhov nyuaj heev thiab teeb meem ua. Tab sis muaj ib txoj kev nthuav qhia. Ua li no, coj ib tug puv tes ntawm cocoa taum, ib diav ntawm butter los ntawm lawv, txuj lom (cinnamon, cloves, qhiav) thiab qab zib mus saj. Tag nrho cov khoom xyaw yog av nrog lub kas fes grinder thiab rhuab tshaj qis cua sov kom txog thaum syrupy. Tom qab ntawd ntxiv dej npau npau (txog 200 ml), sib tov kom huv si thiab tua tsis tas yuav boil. Tshem tawm ntawm tshav kub, tuav kom zoo thiab pab. Nws hloov tawm cov dej haus uas muaj zog, uas, los ntawm txoj kev, yog ntau tastier thiab noj qab haus huv dua li cov cocoa ib txwm.

How to make real chocolate at home

Qee tus niam tsev xav txog txoj haujlwm no tsis muaj qab hau. Tom qab tag nrho, muaj ntau yam khoom tiav ntawm kev muag khoom, pib nrog txhua yam ntawm cov vuas thiab xaus nrog cov khoom qab zib nrog txhaws. Tab sis nyob rau hauv industrial zus tau tej cov qhob noom xim kasfes, ntxiv rau cocoa butter thiab hmoov, ntau ntawm lwm yam, tsis yog ib txwm siv cov khoom xyaw. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, peb tab tom tham txog cov khoom qab zib thiab cov stabilizers. Nws yog lawv, thiab tsis yog cocoa nws tus kheej, uas feem ntau ua rau muaj kev tsis haum rau chocolate. Yog li ntawd, cov neeg nyiam noj zaub mov zoo nyiam ua noj rau lawv tus kheej.

Koj tuaj yeem ua iab lossis mis nyuj chocolate hauv tsev, nrog rau cov khoom qab zib nrog txiv ntoo, txiv hmab txiv ntoo los yog txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Muaj ntau ntau cov zaub mov txawv rau kev ua cov cocoa, tab sis lawv txawv tsuas yog hauv cov khoom xyaw ntxiv.

Y Ua kom cov qhob noom xim kasfes classic, koj yuav xav tau 100 g suab thaj lossis hmoov, 20 g butter thiab 50 g ntawm cocoa butter. Koj kuj yuav tsum tau noj 200 g ntawm cov khoom no nyob rau hauv daim ntawv hmoov. Cov khoom xyaw no yuav ua rau cov qhob noom xim kasfes tsaus nti, uas tuaj yeem tsw qab nrog vanilla lossis cinnamon, thiab nrog rau qhov sib ntxiv ntawm ib qho me me ntawm cov qab zib, mis nyuj yuav tawm.

Ua ntej, cov roj sib tov yog rhaub hauv dej da dej, ces qab zib thiab cocoa hmoov yog nchuav rau hauv nws. stirring, coj mus rau homogeneity thiab dissolution ntawm crystals (tsis boil!). Cov khoom uas tshwm sim yog nchuav rau hauv pwm (zoo dua silicone) thiab sab laug kom tawv hauv lub tub yees. Yog xav tau, koj tuaj yeem ntxiv txiv ntseej, raisins, qhuav apricots.

Ua khoom qab zib sivdej khov pwm. Lawv yog ib nrab puv nrog chocolate, lub filling yog muab tso rau hauv (ib tug txiv ntoo, ib tug txiv hmab txiv ntoo, ib daim ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo) thiab sau rau saum, xa mus rau harden nyob rau hauv txias. Cov khoom qab zib no noj qab nyob zoo thiab tastier dua li cov khw muag khoom.

Lwm cov zaub mov uas siv cocoa

Cov khoom xyaw no feem ntau ntxiv rau cov khoom ci rau chocolate tsw thiab xim. Qee zaum nws yog nchuav rau hauv kas fes lossis lwm yam dej qab zib, hauv soufflés, glazes thiab puddings. Ib qho ntawm cov zaub mov txawv tshaj plaws thiab ua tiav yog brownie. Nws yog npaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug tag nrho lub ncuav los yog ib feem ntawm muffins. Nws puv tawm heev qab thiab super-chocolate.

Rau 4 lub qe qaib koj yuav xav tau 60 grams hmoov thiab cocoa hmoov, ib khob ntawm txiv ntseej, 300 grams qab zib thiab 150 butter. Thiab ib tug bar ntawm tsaus chocolate. Nws yuav tsum tau tawg thiab, ua ke nrog cov roj, xa mus rau ib lub da dej kom txog thaum yaj tag. Koj tuaj yeem ua qhov no hauv microwave, tab sis tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum paub tseeb tias qhov loj tsis boil.

Cais, qe raug ntaus nrog qab zib, ntxiv chocolate loj rau lawv thiab nplawm. Cov txiv ntoo yog crushed, thiab cov hmoov nplej yog tov nrog cocoa. Tag nrho cov khoom xyaw ua ke, ncuav rau hauv pwm thiab ci hauv qhov cub tsis kub (txog 160 degrees) rau ib nrab ib teev. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev kom tsis txhob qhuav tawm lub ncuav mog qab zib. Nws yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm thaum nruab nrab tseem ntub, thiab ib lub pob zeb ntom ntom tshwm rau saum. Nws raug tshem tawm los ntawm pwm tsuas yog tom qab nws tau txias tag. Tom qab ntawd cov khoom yog txias rau ob peb teev thiab tsuas yog tom qab ntawd noj.

Ua tsaug rau qhov kev tshawb pom ntawm cov txiv ntoo ntawm tsob ntoo cocoa, lub ntiaj teb tau txais tsis tau tsuas yog cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig, tab sisthiab ib qho khoom siv tsis tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov tshuaj pleev ib ce thiab tshuaj. Raw cocoa taum yog suav tias yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj txiaj ntsig, cov duab uas tuaj yeem pom saum toj no. Tom qab tag nrho, nws yog nyob rau hauv lawv qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov vitamins thiab antioxidants yog khaws cia. Tab sis txawm nyob rau hauv taum roasted, cocoa butter thiab npaj-ua qhob noom xim kasfes, muaj txaus cov kev pab cuam rau indulge nyob rau hauv kev txaus siab ntawm noj ib daim ntawm aroma delicacy nrog ib khob ntawm tshuaj yej. Qhov tseem ceeb yog kom paub thaum twg yuav tsum nres.