Real butter: feem pua ntawm cov roj cov ntsiab lus, muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab ua raws li GOST cov cai

2024 Tus sau: Isabella Gilson | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 03:27

Real butter yog cov khoom noj qab haus huv uas tsim los ntawm yam tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm cov khoom xyaw ntuj. Yuav ua li cas txiav txim siab qhov tseeb ntawm cov khoom no hauv tsev? Xav txog ntxiv qee yam uas qhia txog qhov naturalness ntawm cov roj thiab, yog li ntawd, cov khoom yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau tib neeg lub cev.

About cov txiaj ntsig ntawm roj

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias butter, zoo li lwm yam khoom, tuaj yeem ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab muaj kev phom sij. Kev txiav txim siab nws cov txiaj ntsig rau tib neeg lub cev, nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias butter yog cov khoom lag luam uas tuaj yeem tsim tshwj xeeb los ntawm cov nyuj cov mis nyuj, tsis tas yuav ntxiv cov tshuaj tua kab thiab tshuaj.

Real butter muaj cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub cev rog (81 g ib 100 g ntawm cov khoom), dej (17.9 g), thiab tseem muaj qee cov carbohydrates thiab cov proteins (kwv yees li 1 g ntawm tag nrho). Raws li rau cov pob zeb hauv av, muaj ntau cov ntsiab lus ntawm selenium nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm butter,phosphorus, magnesium, calcium, sodium, zinc, thiab potassium. Cov koob tshuaj zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev noj cov khoom hauv nqe lus nug yog txog 20-30 g rau tus neeg laus thiab noj qab nyob zoo.

Tom ntej no, cia peb saib yuav ua li cas txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov butter tiag tiag thiab paub qhov txawv ntawm kev sib kis.

Marking

Thaum xaiv cov khoom hauv nqe lus nug hauv lub khw, nws yog qhov nyuaj heev los txiav txim siab nws qhov zoo los ntawm saj, tsw lossis tsos, tab sis nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej no tus neeg yuav khoom muaj sijhawm los kawm daim ntawv lo ntawm lub pob.

Yog li, ntawm lub hnab ntim ntawm ntuj butter yuav tsum muaj lub cim qhia tias cov khoom tau ua raws li qhov xav tau ntawm ib qho ntawm peb qhov ua tau GOSTs, muab rau cov khoom zoo:

• GOST R 52969-2008;
• GOST R 52253-2004 (GOST ntawm cov butter tiag tiag tuaj ntawm lwm lub tebchaws tab sis tau ntim hauv Russia);
• GOST 32261-2013.

Ntxiv rau tag nrho cov qauv saum toj no, kuj tseem yuav muaj lwm qhov cim - DSTU 4399: 2005, uas qhia tias cov roj tau tsim hauv Ukraine thiab tuaj ntawm lub tebchaws no.

Composition

butter tiag tiag yuav zoo li cas? Thaum tshuaj xyuas cov khoom lag luam uas tau nthuav tawm ntawm lub khw muag khoom txee, ib qho yuav tsum muab qhov nyiam rau cov khoom lag luam uas yuav qhia qhov tseeb muaj pes tsawg leeg.

Dab tsi yuav tsum suav nrog hauv ntuj butter? Nws yuav tsum qhianyuj cov mis nyuj (skimmed, tag nrho) thiab tsawg kawg ntawm lwm cov khoom xyaw, uas tej zaum yuav muaj ntsev, buttermilk, qab zib, dej, thiab mis nyuj hmoov. Raws li rau cov khoom xyaw kawg, nws tau ntxiv los muab cov khoom tiav kom muaj roj ntau dua.

Qhov muaj cov khoom khaws cia hauv cov roj muaj pes tsawg leeg: puas tso cai?

Qee tus neeg saib xyuas qhov muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv cov khoom lag luam. Qhov no puas tau nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib tug natural khoom? Raws li GOST, lub xub ntiag ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv qab no hauv cov khoom muaj pes tsawg leeg tau txais:

• E200;
• E210;
• E211.

Ntxiv rau, cov ntaub ntawv no qhia txog kev nkag mus tau ntawm qee qhov kev ruaj ntseg:

• E440;
• E466;
• E461;
• E471.

Ntxiv mus, cov khoom no yuav muaj qee yam ntxiv, suav nrog monoglycerides, carboxymetal starch, vitamins A, D, E, thiab txawm carotene.

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias cov roj ntuj uas muaj cov khoom xyaw saum toj no kuj yuav raug suav hais tias yog ntuj, tab sis, raws li GOST, nws lub npe thiab cov ntsiab lus roj yuav txawv ntawm qhov ntsuas classic: qhov no, cov khoom yuav tsum yog. hu ua cov qhaub cij lossis tshuaj yej roj, thiab nws cov ntsiab lus roj yuav tsum yog li 50-61%.

Yuav ua li cas txheeb xyuas cov butter tiag? Cov kws tshaj lij hauv thaj chaw nco ntsoov tias qhov no tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas qhov tswkhoom.

Nws tau sau tseg tias cov roj ntuj yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj qhov hais tawm. Cov saj ntawm cov khoom kuj yuav tsum tsis txhob ci: nws muaj peev xwm muab tawm cream thiab tsuas yog me ntsis zoo li qaub cream. Thaum sim cov roj, koj yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib seb cov khoom coj li cas thaum nws tsoo tus nplaig. Nyob rau hauv cov kev tshwm sim uas ib daim ntawm cov khoom melts sai sai thiab tawm tsis muaj kab nyob rau ntawm tus nplaig, butter yog tiag tiag thiab koj yuav xyuam xim yuav nws. Yog hais tias lub greasy crust yog hnov ntawm tus nplaig, qhov kos npe no qhia tias cov khoom tsis yog ntuj thiab, ntxiv rau, yog tsim los ntawm cov roj zaub.

Fat

Koj tuaj yeem xyuam xim rau qhov ntsuas no thaum xaiv cov roj hauv lub khw. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tso cai muaj roj cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom yog 78%, thiab qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog 82.5%. Ib yam khoom uas muaj roj ntau dua tuaj yeem yog tias nws tau npaj hauv tsev thiab tsuas yog los ntawm cov mis nyuj thiab nyuj xwb.

Qhov tseeb, cov roj uas muaj nyob rau ntawm lub txee yuav muaj cov roj sib txawv thiab muaj npe txawv nyob ntawm lawv:

• 82, 5% - ntuj butter, npaj raws li daim ntawv qhia ib txwm muaj, nruj raws li GOST, tshwj xeeb los ntawm tag nrho cov mis nyuj;
• 80% - cov khoom lag luam pib ua haujlwm, uas yog qhov txawv los ntawm nws cov naturalness;
• 72, 5% - peasant natural oil nrog rau feem pua ntawm cov roj cov ntsiab lus tau txais rau cov khoom ntuj tsim nrog cov muaj pes tsawg leeg;
• 61% - Sandwich butter;
• 50% - tshuaj yejyog'i.

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias qhov kawg ob yam khoom cim npe tsis tuaj yeem hu ua butter puv thiab muaj cov khoom xyaw ntuj. Raws li tau sau tseg saum toj no, nws feem ntau muaj ntau yam additives nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev hloov, preservatives thiab stabilizers.

txhawm rau txiav txim siab cov roj cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov butter tiag tiag, koj yuav tsum tau saib nws qhov txiav: tus yam ntxwv ci yuav tsum pom ntawm nws. Yog tsis muaj, qhov no qhia tau hais tias lawv tab tom sim muag ib qho kev nthuav dav raws li cov roj.

Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev txiav ntuj butter, koj yuav tsum tau xyuam xim rau cov riam: nws yuav tsum nyob twj ywm yuav luag huv.

Cov khoom khov kuj tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas qhov ntuj. Ua li no, txiav tawm ib daig ntawm nws. Ib daim crumbling qhia txog naturalness ntawm butter, thiab yog hais tias nws raug txiav tawm nyob rau hauv ib tug txawm thiab du daim, ces qhov no qhia tau hais tias peb tab tom soj ntsuam nrog ib tug kis los yog margarine.

Koj tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas cov khoom kom muaj roj ntau txawm tias nws tau qhwv hauv ib pob. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, tshem tawm ib daim ntawm cov ntaub qhwv thiab saib seb puas muaj cov roj nyob ntawm nws: yog tias tsis muaj, qhov no yuav qhia tau tias cov ntsiab lus naturalness.

xim

Yuav ua li cas paub qhov txawv butter tiag tiag los ntawm xim? Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov khoom ntuj muaj xim daj, tab sis tsis muaj xim saturated. Nws yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj cua daj cua dub, nrog rau cov seem yellowed: qhov no qhia tau hais tias muaj qhov tsis zoo, nrog rau kev khaws cia ntev.khoom.

Solubility

Los ntawm txoj kev butter melts, koj tuaj yeem txiav txim siab nws qhov naturalness. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub, ib yam khoom uas ua los ntawm cov zaub roj melts sai heev, thiab cov yam ntxwv tee ntawm nws nto. Yog tias cov khoom tsis yaj, tab sis tib lub sijhawm nws softens, tawm hauv nws cov duab, qhov no tsuas yog txhais tau hais tias tsiaj rog muaj nyob rau hauv cov khoom xyaw.

Yuav ua li cas paub qhov txawv ntawm cov butter tiag tiag los ntawm qhov cuav nyob rau hauv qhov kub ntawm qhov kub? Ua li no, muab ib daim ntawm cov khoom nyob rau hauv boiling dej. Nyob rau hauv cov kev tshwm sim hais tias daim dissolves sai heev, thiab golden droplets nyob rau saum npoo, nws yog ib qho teeb meem ntawm natural oil. Yog tias koj muab pov rau hauv dej npau npau, nws tseem yuav yaj, tab sis qhov loj yuav nyob rau hauv qab thiab tau txais cov xim tsaus nti.

Los ntawm txoj kev butter melts hauv lub lauj kaub, koj tuaj yeem txiav txim siab qib ntawm nws qhov naturalness. Cov khoom lag luam zoo yuav yaj sai sai, ua npuas ncauj, thiab nws cov splashes yuav tawg mus rau sab.

Hardness

Thaum nyob rau hauv lub khw, koj tuaj yeem txiav txim siab qhov naturalness ntawm cov khoom los ntawm kev ua ib qho kev sim hardness. Ua li no, maj mam nias koj tus ntiv tes ntawm nws lub ntim. Yog hais tias nws cov ntsiab lus yog mos nyob rau hauv, ces qhov no qhia lub naturalness ntawm cov khoom. Cov butter tiag tiag tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav tag nrho, txawm tias nws nyob hauv lub freezer. Yog hais tias lub hardness ntawm cov ntsiab lus yog hnov nrog ib tug ntiv tes, ces koj yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav cov khoom.

Packaging

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias nyob rau hauv tsosntim, koj tsis tuaj yeem xaiv cov roj ntuj. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tseem tsim nyog ua tib zoo saib xyuas nws. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv lub txee, koj yuav tsum tau xaiv rau cov khoom, lub ntim ntawm uas yog ua los ntawm cov ntawv ci los yog muaj xws li ib txheej. Cov ntaub qhwv no tiv thaiv cov ntsiab lus los ntawm kev puas tsuaj los ntawm lub teeb, uas txhais tau hais tias cov khoom tsis oxidize.

Koj kuj yuav tsum tau xyuam xim rau qhov kev ntseeg ntawm lub ntim: nws yuav tsum tsis txhob deformed. Yog tias pom cov dents ntawm ib daim ntawm butter, qhov no qhia tau hais tias cov khoom yav dhau los tau rov khov dua, vim tias nws saj thiab khoom noj khoom haus tau deteriorated heev.

Hnub Kawg

Cov butter tiag tiag tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas tau yooj yim los ntawm hnub tas sijhawm ntawm nws lub ntim. Raws li GOST, kev cia cov khoom hauv ntim tshwj xeeb thiab nyob rau hauv qee qhov kub thiab txias tau tso cai rau 30 hnub, thiab yog tias lub wrapper yog ua los ntawm cov ntawv ci - rau 35 hnub. Nws yog qhov kev lees paub no uas koj yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau thaum yuav khoom.

Xyaum qhia tau hais tias qee zaum lub txee lub neej ntawm cov khoom tau teev nyob rau hauv lub ntim yuav ntev dua li cov txheej txheem. Paub txog cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm butter, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav cov khoom lag luam zoo li no, vim txhawm rau txhawm rau txuas lub neej txee thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom, nws feem ntau yuav suav nrog cov khoom xyaw ntxiv uas tsis muaj txiaj ntsig rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv.

Ntau zaus ntawm cov txee ntawm Lavxiaskhw, koj tuaj yeem pom butter los ntawm cov tuam txhab tuaj txawv teb chaws, lub txee lub neej ntawm ntau tshaj ib hlis. Koj yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav cov khoom zoo li no, vim nws yuav tsum nkag siab tias nws siv sijhawm ntev heev ntawm txoj kev, vim tias cov kab mob tsis zoo tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv cov khoom, uas yog feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm kev ua txhaum ntawm kev thauj mus los..

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias lub tsev khaws cia butter tuaj yeem khaws tau ntev heev.

Price

Yuav ua li cas txheeb xyuas cov butter tiag? Cov neeg yuav khoom feem ntau ua qhov no los ntawm kev saib tus nqi ntawm cov khoom, thiab nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias qhov no yog qhov zoo.

Cov roj ntuj raug nqi pes tsawg? Nws yuav tsum tau to taub hais tias tus nqi tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm cov khoom no yog nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm 80 mus rau 100 rubles rau ib tug qauv pob (200 g). Yog tias cov khoom pheej yig dua, ces koj yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav nws, vim nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias tsawg kawg 20 litres ntawm nyuj cov mis nyuj yuav tsum tau tsim ib kilogram ntawm ntuj butter. Paub tias tus nqi yuav cov mis nyuj los ntawm cov neeg ua liaj ua teb tam sim no yog kwv yees li 23-25 rubs ib liter, nws yog ib qho yooj yim los ua ib qho yooj yim xam thiab xam tus nqi ntawm ib kilogram ntawm cov khoom, nrog rau nws cov pob.

Paub seb hom butter yog qhov tiag thiab muaj peev xwm txiav txim siab nws, koj yuav tsum nkag siab qee yam kev pheej hmoo cuam tshuam nrog kev siv cov khoom tsis zoo. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov roj yuav nyob rau hauv lub khw muaj cov ntsiab lus ntawm trans isomers, koj yuav tsumnpaj rau lub fact tias raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm lawv siv nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim cov qog nqaij hlav cancer, nrog rau cov teeb meem nrog rau cov hlab plawv system thiab, feem ntau, infertility nce ho. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj tau ua pov thawj tias kev siv cov kab mob kis mus rau qhov pom ntawm Alzheimer's disease. Tau kawg, txawm tias yuav tsum muaj kev pheej hmoo los ntawm kev yuav khoom pheej yig dua yog nyob ntawm tus neeg nws tus kheej, vim nws tsuas yog lub luag haujlwm rau nws tus kheej noj qab haus huv.