Glucose-fructose syrup: muaj pes tsawg leeg, ntau lawm, siv, txiaj ntsig thiab kev puas tsuaj
Glucose-fructose syrup: muaj pes tsawg leeg, ntau lawm, siv, txiaj ntsig thiab kev puas tsuaj
Anonim

Tam sim no, xov xwm tau mloog ntau yam txog lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev noj qab haus huv. Ntau tus neeg paub txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov teeb meem no thiab tab tom sim hloov pauv lawv txoj kev coj ua, thaum lwm tus tseem pom tias nws yog qhov txwv tsis pub ua tiav thiab kev tsis txaus siab. Kev noj qab haus huv txoj kev ua neej tsis yog khawv koob thiab txhua tus tuaj yeem ua raws li nws, vim nws muaj kev noj zaub mov kom zoo, kev tawm dag zog tsis tu ncua thiab tswj kev ntxhov siab. Ua raws li cov cai yooj yim no tuaj yeem txhim kho peb lub neej zoo los ntawm kev txuas peb lub neej thiab muab kev noj qab haus huv rau peb lub cev thiab lub hlwb.

noj qab nyob zoo

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev noj qab haus huv txoj kev noj qab haus huv yog khoom noj khoom haus, vim tias yog vim li cas kev noj qab haus huv tsis zoo hauv kev xaiv cov khoom, tsis yog tsuas yog qhov hnyav nce, tab sis kuj muaj teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv. Los ntawm kev xaiv zaub mov noj qab haus huv, peb tuaj yeem tiv thaiv peb tus kheej los ntawm cov teeb meem no thiab tau txais cov khoom noj uas peb lub cev xav tau kom noj qab haus huv, nquag, thiab muaj zog.

noj qab nyob zoo
noj qab nyob zoo

Cov cwj pwm noj zaub mov thaum menyuam yaus feem ntau nqa mus rau cov neeg laus, yog li nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau qhia cov menyuam yaus txij thaum pib txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev xaiv zaub mov noj qab haus huv uas yuav pab lawv noj qab nyob zoo thoob plaws hauv lawv lub neej. Thiab txij li thaum peb tab tom tham txog cov menyuam yaus, cia peb nco qab cov khoom twg, yog li cov menyuam yaus nyiam, ua rau muaj kev txhawj xeeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov niam txiv thiab tsa ntau cov lus nug txog kev nyab xeeb ntawm lawv cov kev siv thiab muaj pes tsawg leeg, ntawm chav kawm, cov no yog cov khoom muaj suab thaj thiab nws cov khoom hloov.. Ntau ntxiv, cov ntsiab lus ntawm qabzib-fructose syrup tau hais nyob rau hauv cov khoom xyaw, thiab hnub no peb yuav sim xyuas seb nws yog dab tsi thiab nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau peb lub cev.

qabzib thiab fructose yog dab tsi?

Glucose, lossis txiv hmab txiv ntoo qab zib, yog cov suab thaj yooj yim, hu ua monosaccharide, sawv cev los ntawm cov mis mos molecular C6H12O6.

Glucose Formula
Glucose Formula

Cov organic compound no muaj nyob rau hauv ntau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab ua lub zog tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau lub neej ntawm tib neeg lub cev.

Fructose, feem ntau hu ua txiv hmab txiv ntoo qab zib, kuj yog cov suab thaj yooj yim, ib qho isomer ntawm qabzib thiab muaj cov mis molecular C6H12O6. Fructose, raws li lub npe qhia, muaj nyob rau hauv txiv hmab txiv ntoo (xws li txiv kab ntxwv thiab txiv apples), berries, ib co cag zaub (xws li beets, qos yaj ywm qab zib, parsnips, thiab dos), thiab zib mu. Fructose yog qhov qab zib tshaj plaws ntawm txhua yam qab zib uas tshwm sim.

YGlucose thiab fructose koom ua ke hauvCov nyiaj sib npaug tsim lwm hom suab thaj - sucrose - disaccharide (C12H22O11) hu ua cov suab thaj.

Dab tsi yog qabzib-fructose syrup (HFS)

Nov yog cov khoom qab zib ntuj tsim los ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab los ntawm cov nplej thiab zaub. Glucose-fructose syrup muaj ib qho zoo sib xws rau cov suab thaj uas tau los ntawm cov qab zib los yog beets - lawv yog ob qho tib si ua los ntawm cov piam thaj thiab fructose, txawm tias nyob hauv ntau qhov sib txawv.

HFS ntau lawm
HFS ntau lawm

Tsis zoo li sucrose, uas muaj cov kab txuas txuas ntawm cov piam thaj thiab fructose hauv qhov piv ntawm 50: 50, cov molecules hauv syrup tsis txuas rau ib leeg thiab HPS tuaj yeem muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm ob lub suab thaj yooj yim. Cov piam thaj-fructose syrups ua nyob rau hauv EU feem ntau muaj 20, 30 lossis 42% fructose, nrog rau tus so yog qabzib. Qhov kev nyiam ntawm cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog tias thaum cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab tau muab rho tawm, cov neeg tsim khoom tuaj yeem kho cov fructose hauv nws kom cov kua qab zib qab zib lossis qab zib tsawg yog tias xav tau.

Yog HFS zoo ib yam li qab zib rau qab zib, nws tuaj yeem siv los ua lwm txoj hauv kev. Glucose-fructose syrups yooj yim dua rau siv hauv qee cov khoom vim tias lawv yog cov kua tsis zoo li cov suab thaj thiab nws yooj yim dua los sib xyaw nrog lwm cov khoom xyaw hauv qab zib, ice cream, dej qab zib thiab lwm yam khoom ua kua lossis cov kua dej.

cov khoom uas muaj HFS
cov khoom uas muaj HFS

Nyob hauv EU, GFS tau cim rau ntawm cov khoom xyaw ntawm cov khoom ntim.

YKev tsim cov piam thaj-fructose syrups

SFS feem ntauua los ntawm starch. Lub hauv paus ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab nyob ntawm qhov muaj nyob hauv zos ntawm cov khoom nyoos siv rau kev rho tawm. Keeb kwm, pob kws yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws, thaum cov nplej tau dhau los ua qhov chaw nrov rau nws cov khoom hauv xyoo tas los. Cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab yog cov saw hlau ntawm cov piam thaj molecules, thiab thawj kauj ruam hauv kev tsim HPS yog kev tso tawm cov piam thaj no. Bound molecules nyob rau hauv cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab yog hydrolyzed rau hauv dawb molecules. Tom qab ntawd, siv cov enzymes, qee cov piam thaj hloov mus rau fructose hauv cov txheej txheem hu ua isomerization.

starch yog dab tsi?

Starch yog cov carbohydrate ib txwm muaj nyob hauv ntau cov nplej thiab zaub xws li nplej, pob kws thiab qos yaj ywm, mov, peas, legumes, qos yaj ywm qab zib, txiv tsawb, thiab lwm yam Starch yog lub hauv paus ntawm lub zog rau tib neeg lub cev, thiab nws Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev kom noj cov zaub mov uas muaj nws txhua hnub (cov nplej thiab zaub). Nws tuaj yeem siv los ua cov khoom noj khoom haus zoo sib cais, nrog rau kev npaj ntawm lwm cov khoom xyaw. Starch-based Cheebtsam muaj ntau yam khoom muaj txiaj ntsig uas ua rau nws tseem ceeb hauv kev npaj zaub mov txhua hnub. Ntuj thiab hloov cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab yog qhov zoo rau cov khoom noj thickening thiab khi qee cov kua hauv lawv, uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb thaum ua kua zaub, kua ntses thiab pastries.

GFS siv dab tsi rau

Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv fructose-glucose syrup hauv cov khoom noj thiab dej qab zib yog nws qhov qab zib thiab muaj peev xwm ua ke zoo nrog lwm cov khoom xyaw. Interestingly, nws kuj yuav siv tau nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm zaub mov preservation additives. Ntxiv nrog rau kev ruaj ntseg zoo dua, syrup tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ntxhib los mos, tiv thaiv crystallization, thiab pab ua kom tiav qhov kev xav tau sib xws (kwv yees lossis noo). Hauv Tebchaws Europe, sucrose tseem yog cov khoom qab zib tseem ceeb siv hauv kev lag luam zaub mov thiab dej haus. Txog rau xyoo 2017, HFS ntau lawm hauv EU tau tswj hwm thiab txwv rau 5% ntawm tag nrho cov khoom qab zib, txawm li cas los xij, tam sim no muaj qhov sib txawv zoo los hloov sucrose nrog cov kua qab zib hauv qee cov khoom, feem ntau hauv cov khoom ua kua lossis ib nrab khoom xws li dej qab zib thiab dej khov. cream.

Cov ntsiab lus ntawm HFS hauv dej haus
Cov ntsiab lus ntawm HFS hauv dej haus

Nws yuav txuas ntxiv siv rau cov khoom qab zib, jams thiab khaws cia, cov khoom ci, cov khoom noj, cov khoom noj siv mis, cov khoom qab zib thiab cov kaus poom thiab cov khoom ntim. Hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas, HFS feem ntau siv dua li hauv Tebchaws Europe, feem ntau hauv cov dej qab zib. Tsis tas li ntawd, glucose-fructose phoov yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib. Nws kuj yog siv los ntawm cov neeg ncaws pob.

Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm qabzib-fructose syrup thiab fructose-glucose syrup

Peb twb tau hais tias qab zib (sucrose) muaj qhov sib npaug ntawm cov piam thaj thiab fructose (50/50), thiab hauv cov kua qab zib, feem pua ntawm cov piam thaj thiab fructose yuav txawv. Ib tug phoov uas muaj ntau tshaj 50% fructose yog hu ua "fructose-glucose". Yog tias fructose tsawg dua 50%, nws yuav yog "glucose-fructose syrup". Cov ntsiab lus fructose nyob rau hauvntawm cov syrups uas tsim nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe yog 20, 30 thiab 42%. Hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas, feem ntau siv fructose cov ntsiab lus yog 55% thiab cov syrups no hu ua siab fructose pob kws phoov (HFCS). Syrups nrog cov ntsiab lus fructose ntawm 42% mus rau 55% muaj qhov qab zib zoo sib xws rau cov suab thaj, uas yog vim li cas lawv feem ntau siv los ua lwm txoj hauv kev. 1 gram ntawm pob kws phoov muaj cov calories tib yam li lwm hom qab zib (4 kcal ib 1 gram).

Nyob rau tib neeg lub cev

Ntau tus neeg txhawj xeeb txog cov lus nug: cov kua qab zib-fructose puas tuaj yeem tsim teeb meem. Nws siv feem ntau txuam nrog qhov hnyav nce. Puas muaj kev sib txuas ncaj qha ntawm HFS noj thiab rog? Qee cov ntawv tshaj tawm tau qhia tias kev noj HFS ntau dhau yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev rog rog tam sim no hauv Asmeskas.

Teeb meem rog rog
Teeb meem rog rog

Txawm li cas los xij, kev rog rog kuj tau nce siab thoob plaws Tebchaws Europe thaum tsis muaj qhov sib npaug ntawm kev noj, ua rau nws tsis tuaj yeem sib cav tias kev rog yog tshwm sim los ntawm HFS ib leeg. Cov calories ntau dhau tuaj yeem nkag mus rau tib neeg lub cev los ntawm cov rog, protein, cawv, lossis carbohydrates, suav nrog qab zib.

Qee cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias fructose yuav tsis zoo li satiating (xav tias puv) li lwm cov suab thaj vim tias nws tsis txhawb cov tshuaj hormones ua rau kev tshaib plab thiab noj zaub mov (xws li insulin). Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau tib neeg noj lossis haus ntau dua. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tshuaj xyuas xyoo 2007 tau xaus lus tias cov pov thawj tias fructose tsawg duasatiating dua qabzib lossis HPS tsawg satiating dua sucrose tsis yog qhov tseeb. Tsis tas li, cov tuam ntxhab ntawm cov kua qab zib-fructose tau lees paub tias nws tsis muaj cov khoom siv dag zog lossis cov khoom siv hluavtaws, nrog rau cov khoom noj ntxiv.

Yog li ntawd, tsis muaj pov thawj tshawb fawb los txhawb tias kev noj HFS cov khoom ua rau qhov hnyav nce tsis zoo thiab nws cov teebmeem kev noj qab haus huv yog qhov phem dua li lwm cov suab thaj.

WHO cov lus pom zoo

Hauv xyoo 2015, WHO tau tshaj tawm cov lus qhia uas pom zoo kom txo koj cov piam thaj txhua hnub. Rau cov neeg laus uas xav tau 2,000 kcal ib hnub twg, qhov no sib npaug tsawg dua 200 kcal los ntawm cov suab thaj dawb, uas yog li 50 grams lossis 12 teaspoons qab zib.

lus qab zib
lus qab zib

Raws li WHO, cov ntaub ntawv qhia tias qhov kev txo qis no txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev rog rog, rog thiab caries. Raws li Lub Koom Haum Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv (World He alth Organization) tau piav qhia, qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm kev rog rog yog lub zog tsis txaus ntawm cov calories uas tau noj thiab siv nyiaj. Kev noj calorie ntau dua li peb lub cev xav tau tuaj yeem ua rau qhov hnyav nce tsis zoo. Ib yam li cov zaub mov, cov zaub mov uas muaj HFS lossis lwm hom suab thaj yuav tsum tau noj kom tsawg.

Pom zoo: