Yuav ua li cas ua noj pilaf: cov khoom xyaw tseem ceeb, zaub mov txawv thiab cov lus qhia ua noj

2024 Tus sau: Isabella Gilson | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 03:27

Pilaf yog ib qho ntawm cov zaub mov nyiam tshaj plaws hauv tebchaws Russia. Nws tau txais kev pab nyob txhua qhov chaw - los ntawm cov tsev noj mov ntawm cov chaw noj roj mus rau cov khw noj mov, thiab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov tais no rau lub rooj noj mov ntawm txhua tus niam tsev tsis tuaj yeem kwv yees ntau dhau. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, classic pilaf zaub mov txawv uas Internet yog tag nrho ntawm txawv heev tiag tiag. Thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm cov thawj versions ntawm cov tsoos Middle Eastern zaub mov yog striking nyob rau hauv abundance.

keeb kwm ntawm lub tais

Lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm pilaf yog txuam nrog kev pib cog qoob loo hauv Middle East thiab hnub tim tsis pub dhau 2nd-3rd centuries BC. Raws li ib tug version, tus neeg tsis noj nqaij version Ameslikas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv Is Nrias teb, thiab nws tau supplemented nrog nqaij nyob rau hauv Persia. Ib txoj kev los yog lwm qhov, cov xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv ntawm Scheherazade zoo siab rau mythologize lub invention ntawm legendary tais. Nov yog cov dab neeg tshaj plaws:

• Raws li Persian version, daim ntawv qhia yog tsim los ntawm tsis muaj lwm yam tshaj li Avicenna, ntawm cov lus qhia ntawm Great Khan. Lub tais tau npaj raulos pub cov tub rog ntawm cov phiaj xwm ntev, yog li nws yuav tsum tau yooj yim los npaj, nrog lub zog muaj txiaj ntsig, thiab cov khoom tsim los ntawm cov khoom tsim - compact thiab zoo khaws cia.
• Lwm lus dab neeg txuas lub ntsej muag ntawm lub tais nrog lub npe Timur (Tamerlane), uas tau muab ib daim ntawv qhia rau crumbly pilaf los ntawm mullah ua ntej kev sib tw tub rog tawm tsam Ankara.
• Tus qauv, uas tau hais rau cov neeg ncig tebchaws hauv Samarkand, hais tias daim ntawv qhia rau pilaf yog tsim los ntawm Ugulbek, tus ua noj ntawm Tamerlane txiv.
• Tseem muaj tsawg tus phab ej uas tsis muaj lub npe muaj koob meej. Tshwj xeeb, hauv Uzbek cov zos nws ntseeg tias pilaf yog ib qho kev tsim ntawm cov neeg ua liaj ua teb grazing nyuj nyob rau hauv roob, vim hais tias cov calorie ntsiab lus thiab pheej yig ntawm cov zaub mov kuj ua lub luag hauj lwm tseem ceeb rau lawv.

Tsis muaj ib qho ntawm cov ntawv uas twb muaj lawm yog qhov ua tsis tau los lees paub lossis tsis lees paub, txij li cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm tseeb ntawm pilaf yog qhov nyuaj heev rau kev taug qab, vim tias nyob hauv txhua qhov chaw txij li thaum ub los txog rau niaj hnub no muaj cov cai raws li pilaf. npaj. Txhua yam yog txawv - los ntawm cov khoom xyaw rau cov tais diav. Nyob rau hauv qhov teeb meem no, lub tswv yim ntawm ib txhij invention ntawm lub tais nyob rau hauv ob peb lub cheeb tsam ntawm Middle East ib zaug zoo nkaus li ncaj ncees.

Ib lus pov thawj Turkish hais tias: Muaj ntau hom pilaf raws li muaj cov nroog hauv ntiaj teb Muslim.

Etymology ntawm lo lus "pilaf"

Raws li cov phau ntawv txhais lus etymological, lexeme "pilaf" yog muab los ntawm Turkish "pilav". Qhov kev qiv no muaj nyob hauv ntau hom lus European: lo lus pilaf yog lus Askiv, German, Italianthiab Fabkis. Los ntawm txoj kev, qee qhov chaw thov phau ntawv txhais lus kev sib raug zoo ntawm pilaf thiab Spanish paella (lub teb chaws tais diav ntawm mov thiab nqaij nruab deg), tab sis qhov no yog qhov yuam kev. Txawm tias coincidence ntawm daim ntawv qhia Cheebtsam, cov no yog ob txawv tais diav, qhov tshwm sim ntawm uas yog tsis txuas.

Hauv phau ntawv txhais lus ntawm Lavxias teb sab lus, pilaf tau hais thawj zaug los ntawm Dal, uas txhais tau tias nws yog Tatar lossis Turkish mov porridge nrog raisins, sau ntawv friability, xim daj (los ntawm saffron) thiab muaj peev xwm ntxiv nqaij - nqaij qaib lossis yaj.

Hnub no, keeb kwm anthropologists conditionally faib lub oriental tais rau Uzbek thiab Armenian. Thiab nws nyob ntawm seb pilaf tau npaj li cas: thawj zaug, tag nrho cov khoom xyaw tau ua tiav ua ke, thiab thib ob - cais.

Cov txiaj ntsig thiab kev phom sij ntawm pilaf

Txoj kev xav, cov khoom xyaw classic ntawm pilaf - mov, nqaij thiab butter - muaj txiaj ntsig. Yog li, nplej muaj cov poov tshuaj, uas txhawb kev tshem tawm cov dej ntawm lub cev, nqaij yog ib qho ntawm cov hlau, thiab cov roj zaub muaj omega-peb fatty acids thiab lwm cov vitamins thiab minerals. Tab sis qhov tseeb yog tias cov nuances ntawm cov zaub mov txawv hu ua classics, xws li ntxiv ntsev thiab kib cov nqaij rog hauv cov roj, tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog cuam tshuam tag nrho cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov tais diav, tab sis kuj ua rau nws txaus ntshai rau daim duab thiab kev noj qab haus huv.

Ib txoj kev los yog lwm qhov, ceev faj yuav tsum tau noj nrog pilaf nyob rau hauv ib txwm txoj kev rau cov neeg uas nquag rog, muaj kab mob ntawm lub plawv thiab hlab ntsha, nrog rau cov neeg laus.

Cov lus pom zoo los ntawm kws noj zaub mov

Yog tias koj tsis tuaj yeem xav txog lub neej yam tsis muaj pilaf, tab sis koj lub zog noj tawm ntau yam uas xav tauzoo tshaj plaws, siv cov lus qhia hauv qab no:

1. Cov kws noj zaub mov tau hais ntev ntev tias cov nplej dawb tsis muaj txiaj ntsig ntau thiab qhia xaiv cov hom tsis muaj xim av, xim av lossis cov tsiaj qus - nws yog nyob rau hauv cov hom no uas muaj fiber ntau thiab cov vitamins, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, pawg B, uas muaj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau lub paj hlwb.



2. Peb pom zoo xaiv cov nqaij ntshiv. Adherents ntawm kev noj zaub mov kom raug yuav txwv lawv tus kheej rau qaib ntxhw thiab nqaij qaib, tab sis nqaij nyuj, lean seem ntawm yaj thiab nqaij npuas kuj tseem haum rau lub rooj noj qab haus huv. Offal kuj zoo heev.
3. Txhawm rau txo cov calorie ntsiab lus ntawm pilaf, koj tuaj yeem hloov cov protein (nqaij) nrog cov khoom sib npaug nrog tus nqi qis zog, piv txwv li, nceb lossis Adyghe cheese.

YPilaf calories

Raws li peb tau hais lawm, qhov laj thawj ntawm kev tsim cov pilaf yog qhov xav tau los tsim ib daim ntawv qhia uas yuav ua rau cov kev xav tau ntawm cov tub rog thiab cov nyuj yug tsiaj. Yog li ntawd, lub zog siab ntawm pilaf yog ib qho ntawm cov cim tseem ceeb ntawm "kev raug" ntawm cov zaub mov. Tau kawg, cov ntsiab lus calorie yog nyob ntawm cov khoom xyaw siv. Ntawm no yog kwv yees kwv yees ntawm tus nqi zog ntawm 100 g ntawm pilaf nrog ntau hom khoom noj protein:

• Nqaij qaib pilaf - 200 kcal;
• Nqaij nyuj - 220 kcal;
• ntawm nqaij npuas - 300 kcal;
• Nqaij qaib fillet - 140 kcal;
• ntawm nceb - 100-110 kcal.

suav tau tseeb dua yog tias koj ntsuas qhov hnyav ntawm tag nrho cov khoom xyaw nrog rau hauv lub tais. Tsis txhob hnov qab tias cov txuj lom kuj muaj nqi zog.

Qhov zoo tshaj plaws txuj lom rau pilaf

Tau kawg, daim ntawv qhia rau cov tais diav oriental tsis tuaj yeem ua yam tsis muaj seasonings thiab txuj lom. Lub pob paj zoo yuav tsis tsuas yog muab qhov tsis zoo thiab qhov tsw rau pilaf, tab sis kuj cuam tshuam rau qhov tsos, nqa xim thiab textures rau nws. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov txuj lom pilaf pab kev zom zaub mov, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb heev hauv peb cov ntaub ntawv, vim tias peb tab tom cuam tshuam nrog cov zaub mov hnyav hnyav thiab muaj rog heev!

Yog li, ntawm no yog cov npe ntawm cov txuj lom zoo tshaj plaws uas tsis muaj tus niam tsev ua tsis tau yog tias nws xav ua pilaf tiag:

1. Zira lossis cumin (tsis txhob cuam tshuam nrog cumin) yog ib qho tseem ceeb thiab feem ntau cov txuj lom rau pilaf. Bittersweet nplej (zoo dua siv tag nrho, tsis yog cov txuj lom hauv av) yuav tshem tawm cov saj ntawm nqaij.
2. Barberry - txiv hmab txiv ntoo qhuav ntxiv qaub thiab freshness rau lub tais.
3. Saffron yog ib qho ntsim-kub txuj lom uas ua rau lub tais tsis tsuas yog ntsim, tab sis kuj hloov mus ua xim daj appetizing.
4. Turmeric - zoo li saffron, nws yog ib qho zoo heev ntawm cov xim ntuj, tab sis tsis muaj cov lus hais, tab sis nws yuav ua rau lub tais qab ntxiag, uas feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog Indian cuisine.
5. kua txob yog ib qho tsis tshua muaj khub ntawm Asian pilaf, feem ntau paprika thiab ntau hom xim dub no yog siv los ntawm Europeans.
6. Qej yog tag nrho thiab tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua koob tsheej "swm".
7. Tshuaj ntsuab ntawm Provence - rosemary, oregano thiab lwm yam - hais txog qhov saj ntawm European-style pilaf.
8. Daim ntawv qhia Indian yuav tsum suav nrog butter-fried cinnamon thiab sandalwood.

Txawm hais tias xaiv cov txuj lom, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tias lawv yuav tsum yog tshiab, vim tias tsuas yog qhov no koj tuaj yeem lav tau kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo.

YClassic pilaf recipe

Raws li Roskomstat, qhov nrov tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv Russia yog lub npe hu ua Uzbek pilaf - "yog", cov khoom xyaw uas tau siav ua ke.

Hauv Uzbekistan, txhua tus neeg nyob hauv zos, thaum nug yuav ua li cas ua noj pilaf, thawj zaug yuav tsum hais tias yuav tsum tau qhib hluav taws thiab lub cauldron loj tshwj xeeb. Tab sis, vim tsis yog peb txhua tus tuaj yeem khav theeb ntawm lub sijhawm mus rau qhov qhib huab cua thiab conjure tshaj qhov tseeb pilaf, peb yuav hloov daim ntawv qhia ib txwm.

Cov khoom xyaw:

• Lab los yog lwm yam nqaij - 1 kg.
• Rice - 200g
• On - 4 lub taub hau.
• zaub roj - 300 ml.
• Qej - 2 taub hau
• Carrot - 800g
• Spices (zira, barberry, ntsev, kua txob, thiab lwm yam).

Ua ntej koj yuav tsum npaj cov khoom xyaw: tev qej los ntawm husk, tab sis tawm cov cloves undivided, txiav 3 dos rau hauv ib nrab ib ncig, chop lub carrots rau hauv ib daim hlab los yog cubes.

Nws yog qhov zoo dua, tau kawg, ua noj pilaf hauv lub cauldron. Raws li lwm txoj hauv kev, lub lauj kaub loj kuj tsim nyog, nyob rau hauv uas nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los ua kom sov cov roj thiab kib lub dos unpeeled kom txog thaum dub, ces rub tawm. Sauté tws dos kom txog thaum Golden, ces ntxivyaj, txiav rau hauv pieces, thiab Fry ua ke kom txog thaum ib tug crust tshwm. Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb: tsis txhob txo qhov kub kom cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyob hauv. Tus yuam sij yog kom nplawm.

Tom ntej no, ntxiv cov carrots thiab kib rau li 3 feeb yam tsis tau nplawm; ces lwm 10 feeb, stirring tas li. Ncuav nyob rau hauv boiling dej kom cov dej theem yog 1 cm siab tshaj qhov txheem. Ntxiv kua txob, txo tshav kub thiab simmer rau ib teev.

Ntxiv cov txuj lom ntxiv, txo cov cua sov dua thiab simmer li 10 feeb. Muab cov nplej zoo ntxuav, ncuav dej npau npau (3 cm saum toj saud). Koj tuaj yeem nias lub taub hau qej rau hauv cov nplej ntawm lub sijhawm no, tab sis koj tuaj yeem tos kom cov dej ntub rau hauv. Tom qab li 30 feeb, ua ob peb punctures nyob rau hauv cov mov rau cov nqaij thiab noj cov pilaf ntawm lub qhov cub rau lwm ib nrab teev nyob rau hauv lub hau ntawm qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tshav kub.

Alternatives to rice

Muaj ntau ntau yam zaub mov txawv pilaf uas siv txawv kiag li, qee zaum cov khoom lag luam xav tsis thoob es tsis yog cov khoom xyaw ib txwm siv.

Yog li, mov tuaj yeem hloov nrog yuav luag txhua yam nplej: bulgur, nplej, lentils, millet, buckwheat, lentils thiab pob kws. Yog tias lub sijhawm dhau mus, thiab cov qhua nyob ntawm qhov rooj, koj tuaj yeem siv couscous - nws yuav siv sijhawm 5-10 feeb los ua noj. Tsis tas li ntawd, hauv qee thaj tsam tsuas yog pilaf siav nrog peas lossis tsawg kawg nrog ntxiv ntawm chickpeas tau lees paub. Cov zaub mov Turkish pilaf feem ntau muaj cov khoom xyaw uas nyuaj rau kev hais lub npe, uas yog cov nplej zom me me - ntawm lub plawv ntawm lub qub. Lub teb chaws Ottoman ntseeg tias tsuas yog lawv muaj peev xwm qhia tau qhov tseeb saj ntawm nqaij thiab seasonings.

Yuav ua li cas hloov nqaij hauv pilaf

Peb twb tau hais tias yaj pilaf tsis yog ib qho kev xaiv uas tuaj yeem suav hais tias yog. Koj tuaj yeem xaiv txhua yam nqaij, coj los ntawm koj tus kheej lub hauv paus ntsiab lus. Tab sis ntau lub teb chaws niaj hnub no nyiam sib dua ntawm lub teb chaws tais diav, ntxiv raisins, lwm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo qhuav thiab txiv ntoo (los ntawm txiv laum huab xeeb mus rau ntoo thuv ceev) tsis yog nqaij. Tab sis nyob rau hauv Turkmenistan thiab Kazakhstan lawv siv ntses los yog pieces ntawm minced nqaij qhwv nyob rau hauv grape los yog cabbage nplooj. Ntau yam zoo ntawm pilaf yog nyiam nyob rau hauv homeland ntawm haute cuisine - nyob rau hauv Fabkis, ntxiv cws los yog qwj rau nws.

Feem ntau, txawm tias cov zaub ntawm pilaf muaj kev hloov pauv: carrots hloov lossis ntxiv nrog txiv lws suav thiab qos yaj ywm, dos - zaub qhwv thiab txiv apples, yog li lub tais no yog qhov chaw loj rau kev sim ua noj.

Sweet pilaf recipe

Cia peb muab ib daim ntawv qhia rau thawj cov pilaf qab zib, uas yog nrov hauv Azerbaijan. Nws yog tsim nyog sau cia tias cov khoom xyaw uas tsis tshua muaj rau Lavxias teb sab latitudes tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm lossis hloov nrog cov khoom zoo sib xws.

Cov khoom xyaw:

• Nqaij 200
• 100g 100g
• qaib qe 4 pcs
• 40g 40g
• Raisins, qhuav apricots, prunes - 50g txhua
• Cranberries (koj tuaj yeem noj tshiab, khov lossis qhuav) 1 tbsp. diav.
• Chestnuts (tuaj yeem hloov nrog kev sib xyaw ntawm walnuts, hazelnuts thiab pecans) - 40 g.
• Txiv kab ntxwv (koj tuaj yeem nqaqhuav) - 50 g.
• Turmeric and other spices to saj.

Vim daim ntawv qhia los ntawm Azerbaijan, cov khoom xyaw tau npaj nyias thiab tsuas yog sib xyaw thaum kawg.

Ua ntej, koj yuav tsum tau boil cov mov kom txog thaum ib nrab siav, ces ntws cov kua thiab yaug zoo nrog dej kub.

Tua qe nrog hmoov kom txog thaum sib xws ntawm pancake mov paj, ntxiv ib tablespoon ntawm mov nplej thiab ib pinch ntawm turmeric. Qhuav ib feem plaub ntawm butter nyob rau hauv ib tug loj saucepan, txo lub tshav kub thiab muab lub khob noom cookie, uas yuav tig ci txiv kab ntxwv raws li nws yog npaj txhij, thiab yuav tsum tau them nrog ib tug crust on to top. Tom qab ntawd nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau nteg tawm thiab ua tib zoo nthuav cov mov rau saum, tho nws rau hauv ob peb qhov chaw nrog ib tug ntoo stick thiab muab butter txiav rau hauv slices nyob rau sab saum toj (txog 20 g). Dissolve turmeric nyob rau hauv dej kub (ib feem peb ntawm ib khob) thiab ncuav tshaj cereal. qhwv lub hau nrog ib daim phuam ntub, kaw kom nruj thiab muab tso rau ntawm qhov cua sov rau 15-20 feeb.

Lub sijhawm no, muab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntxuav hauv lub lauj kaub nrog 1 khob dej, cov roj ntxiv thiab ib pinch ntawm turmeric, muab tso rau ntawm qhov hluav taws kub thiab simmer npog li ib nrab teev, ces Fry rau 10-15 feeb. feeb.

Muab cov qauv no ntawm lean pilaf ntawm lub rooj los ntawm kev tso rau hauv cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg: mov, hauv qab crust thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo.

Pilaf nrog nceb

Feem ntau, txoj kev npaj ib txwm oriental tais nrog nceb tsis txawv ntau ntawm cov classic pilaf daim ntawv qhia, tab sis nws yuav siv sij hawm tsawg dua, vim nceb noj sai dua nqaij. Noj 1 kg ntawm champignons thiab ua raws li cov lus qhia saum toj no, txiav txim siab tias rau stewingnceb ua ntej yuav tsaug zog mov yuav siv sij hawm 10-15 feeb xwb.

Chefs Secrets

Thaum kawg, ntawm no yog qee cov lus qhia los ntawm cov kws ua zaub mov hauv ntiaj teb los pab koj los ua tus kws ua zaub mov tiag tiag.

Ntau tus niam tsev tau ntsib nrog qhov tseeb tias tsis yog cov zaub mov oriental, cov khoom tso tawm yog cov nplej porridge nrog nqaij. Cov lus zais ntawm daim ntawv qhia rau crumbly pilaf lies nyob rau hauv lub intricacies ntawm ua mov nplej: nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev tsis txhob qhib lub hau, thiab tom qab cov dej tau absorbed, tawm cov cereal rau chav rau tsawg kawg yog 30 feeb. Raws li txoj cai, koj tuaj yeem noj cov pilaf txoj cai los ntawm ntau hom mov, tab sis cov kws tshaj lij qhia xaiv hom uas muaj cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab tsawg thiab soaking cereals hauv dej txias rau 2-3 teev, hloov cov dej tsis tu ncua.

Pilaf yog ib qho khoom noj uas txaus siab heev uas khaws cia tsis zoo - mov dries tawm, zaub poob lawv elasticity, yog li cov kws ua zaub mov qhia kom npaj zaub mov rau ib pluas noj, tsis txhob sim khaws cia rau yav tom ntej. Ntau npaum li cas mov noj rau pilaf nyob ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg: 250 g ntawm cereal nyoos yog txaus rau 10 nruab nrab noj.

Nqaij (lossis nws cov khoom hloov pauv) hauv pilaf yuav tsum tig tawm muaj kua, yog li kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau them rau xaiv cov khoom tshiab, qhov zoo tshaj plaws tsis khov. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los txiav cov nqaij mus rau hauv loj pieces - nrog ib sab ntawm tsawg kawg yog 1.5-2.0 cm.

Tau kawg, tsis muaj txoj hauv kev zoo dua rau noj pilaf dua li hauv lub cauldron. Tab sis koj tuaj yeem siv lwm cov tais diav tuab - tsuas yog cov neeg paub tseeb thiab cov neeg nyiam noj zaub mov xwb thiaj li tuaj yeem kwv yees txog nws.

Uzbek plovsiav ntawm tsiaj rog (tshwj xeeb, ntawm nqaij nyuj rog), tab sis cov tais diav tsis tsuas yog nyuaj rau zom, tab sis kuj kis tau tus cwj pwm ntse tsw. Txhawm rau zam qhov no, koj tuaj yeem siv cov roj zaub nkaus xwb, lossis sib tov roj thiab tsiaj rog.

Ntau tus poj niam, txhawm rau txuag sijhawm thiab lub zog, grate carrots, tab sis cov kws ua zaub mov tiag tiag tsis tso cai rau lawv tus kheej, vim tias nws yog nyob rau hauv cov txiv kab ntxwv zaub uas qhov kev zoo nkauj ntawm pilaf dag rau ntau tus neeg nyiam noj oriental.

Raisins, figs, chickpeas thiab lwm cov khoom xyaw hauv tebchaws nyiam tau ntxiv tsis yog rau cov nqaij pilaf nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj rau cov nqaij variations. Delicacies yuav tsum tau qhia tom qab cov nqaij yog kib - ua ntej ntxiv dej.

Qee cov txuj lom yuav tsum tau diluted hauv dej ua ntej ntxiv. Qhov no, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, siv rau ntuj dyes - saffron thiab turmeric. Txoj kev no yuav ua tiav cov xim sib xws thiab kev sib haum xeeb ntau dua.