E500, zaub mov ntxiv: cuam tshuam rau tib neeg lub cev, dab tsi txaus ntshai

2024 Tus sau: Isabella Gilson | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 03:27

Qee zaum koj tuaj yeem ntsib cov lus nug, dab tsi yog cov khoom noj ntxiv E-500? Tus lej "E" nyob rau hauv cov npe ntawm cov khoom xyaw ntawm ntau yam khoom siv los hloov cov tshuaj lossis cov npe ntawm cov khoom noj tshwj xeeb. Lawv yog siv los txhim kho cov xim, saj, kev ntxhib los mos, los yog tiv thaiv kom txhob lwj ntawm cov khoom noj.

Qhov no yog dab tsi?

Khoom noj khoom haus tau siv ntau pua xyoo. Cov neeg Loos thaum ub siv cov txuj lom xws li saffron los muab lawv cov zaub mov muaj xim daj. Ntsev thiab vinegar tau siv los khaws cov nqaij thiab zaub kom lub neej ntev.

Nyob rau xyoo 1960, cov neeg tsim khoom tau txiav txim siab los sau cov npe ntawm cov khoom siv ntxiv no. Hauv Tebchaws Europe, lawv raug hu ua E tus lej (tus ntawv no sawv cev rau "Tebchaws Europe"). Australia tsuas siv lawv tus lej lej xwb.

Yog li cov vitamin C yuav hu ua E300 hauv Tebchaws Europe. Hauv tebchaws Australia, nws tuaj yeem pom ntawm cov ntawv nrog tus lej 300, xws li "food acid 300", "ascorbic acid 300" lossis "vitamin C 300".

Cov tshuaj ntxiv twg yog cim nrog "E"?

Ua ntej koj paub tias zaub mov puas txaus ntshai los tsis yogadditive E500, koj yuav tsum paub seb pawg twg cov tshuaj uas cim nrog tsab ntawv no tau muab faib rau hauv. Qhov kev faib tawm no yog raws li nram no:

• Ntawm E100 txog E199: xim zaub mov. Piv txwv li, saffron yog "xim zaub mov 164" hauv Australia (lossis E164 hauv Europe). Lwm cov txuj lom uas feem ntau siv los ua xim zaub mov muaj xws li turmeric (E100) thiab paprika (E160c).
• Los ntawm E200 rau E299: preservatives. Cov tshuaj no tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm microbes hauv cov zaub mov uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kab mob. Piv txwv li, E220 yog sulfur dioxide, ib qho tshuaj preservative feem ntau siv hauv cawv los txwv cov kab mob acetic acid los ntawm kev hloov cawv rau hauv vinegar.
• Ntawm E300 rau E399: antioxidants. Vitamin C (E300) poob rau hauv pawg no.
• Ntawm E400 txog E499: thickeners, emulsifiers thiab stabilizers. Thickeners feem ntau yog siv rau hauv cov kua zaub los yog kua ntses. Emulsifiers pab sib tov cov roj thiab dej zoo li mayonnaise. Yog tsis muaj lawv, cov oily thiab dej yuav sib cais ua txheej.
• Ntawm E500 txog E599: acidity regulators thiab anti-caking agents. Sodium bicarbonate (zaub mov additive E500) feem ntau hu ua ci dej qab zib, nws tswj acidity.

• E600-E699: Flavor enhancers, suav nrog monosodium glutamate (E621).
• E700-E999: Sweeteners, foaming agents thiab gases siv nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov ntim xws li nitrogen gas (E941). Nws yog siv nyob rau hauv feem ntau qos yaj ywm nti industries raws li nws tiv thaiv lawv los ntawm oxidizing.

Ntau yamcim nrog tsab ntawv "E" nrog tus lej, yog cov khoom ntawm lub hauv paus chiv keeb, xws li cov vitamins B1 (E101) thiab txawm tias oxygen (E948).

E500 yog dab tsi?

Qee tus niam tsev muaj lub tswv yim ntxhib heev ntawm cov khoom xyaw ci feem ntau ua li cas. Txhua leej txhua tus paub tias qe los ntawm qaib, hmoov nplej los ntawm av nplej, butter los ntawm nyuj, qab zib los ntawm cov nroj tsuag (beets los yog cane). Tag nrho cov no zoo li ntuj thiab tsis ua rau muaj kev txhawj xeeb. Tab sis thaum hais txog E500, qee cov neeg tau txhawj xeeb. Qee zaum daim ntawv teev cov khoom xyaw hais tias nws yog baking soda lossis ci hmoov. Tab sis qee zaum ci hmoov-baking hmoov kuj pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov khoom xyaw.

Cov lus no puas muaj tseeb? Txhua leej txhua tus paub tias baking soda yog dawb, crumbly hmoov. Hauv lwm lo lus, sodium bicarbonate, uas yog cov khoom xyaw rau ci. Qhov no yog ib yam khoom alkaline, uas nyob rau hauv nws cov ntshiab daim ntawv muaj ib tug iab saj. Thaum ua ke nrog cov kua qaub, xws li vinegar, nws tsim cov pa roj carbon dioxide, uas ua rau cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke kom nthuav dav thiab sau cov kab noj hniav uas muaj cua. Yog li ntawd, xws li ib tug khoom noj additive yog nquag siv nyob rau hauv ci pies thiab porous qhob cij. Nws yog sodium bicarbonate - zaub mov additive E500. Sodium bicarbonate lossis ci dej qab zib yog lwm lub npe rau nws.

Cov hmoov ci, hu ua hmoov ci, muaj ntau yam khoom xyaw, thiab ib qho ntawm lawv yog sodium bicarbonate. Lwm cov khoom xyaw yog cov kua qaub (feem ntau citric) thiab muab tub lim, xws lizoo li cornmeal kom nqus dej noo. Qhov no yog ntau yam version ntawm ci hmoov, feem ntau siv hauv tsev. Nws suav nrog sodium bicarbonate thiab cov khoom xyaw uas nws ua ke nrog thiab ua rau muaj kev tshwm sim, txhua yam koj yuav tsum tau ua yog ntxiv dej.

Yog li ntawd, lo lus nug ntawm yuav ua li cas ntxuav baking soda los ntawm E500 ntxiv tsis muaj txiaj ntsig. Zoo ib yam.

Cov tshuaj no yog dab tsi?

Sodium bicarbonate yog sodium ntsev thiab bicarbonate. Nws yuav tsum tsis txhob tsis meej pem nrog sodium carbonate (soda, Na2CO3). Raws li tau sau tseg saum toj no, sodium bicarbonate kuj paub los ntawm lub npe tsis tshua muaj kev tshawb fawb "baking soda". Nws muaj ntau lub npe, nrog rau "zaub mov additive E500". Sodium bicarbonate yog cov xim tsis muaj xim crystalline uas tso dej thiab carbon dioxide ntawm qhov kub siab tshaj 50 ° C. Yog li ntawd, nws hloov mus ua sodium carbonate.

Nws yog siv rau hauv cov khoom noj ua cov hmoov ci. Ua li no, ci dej qab zib yog tov nrog cov kua qaub, xws li citric acid. Nws kuj tseem siv tau rau hauv cov ntsiav tshuaj effervescent dissolvable thiab ua kom cov dej khov. Qhov no tau piav qhia los ntawm qhov tseeb tias cov khoom raug rhuav tshem thaum sib cuag nrog cov kua qaub thiab tso tawm carbon dioxide. Qhov no ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim uas ua rau lub khob noom cookie ua fluffy.

Sodium carbonate yog siv hauv kev lag luam ua zaub mov ntxiv E500 ii. Nws yog dab tsi? Cov tshuaj no yog dej-soluble sodium ntsev ntawm carbonic acid. Yog hais tias baking soda feem ntau yog siv rau ci, carbonatesodium feem ntau yog siv los tswj cov acidity ntawm cov dej haus thiab fuse mis nyuj protein nrog cocoa. Yog li, cov additive E500 ii tsis muaj nyob rau hauv baking soda.

Cov tshuaj no siv li cas?

Raws li tau sau tseg saum toj no, hauv kev ua noj, baking soda yog siv los ua hmoov ci. Thaum nws tshwm sim nrog cov kua qaub, carbon dioxide raug tso tawm, uas ua rau lub khob noom cookie nthuav thiab tsim cov yam ntxwv zoo nkauj thiab graininess nyob rau hauv pancakes, pies, breads, thiab lwm yam ci thiab kib. Cov tshuaj acidic uas ua rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no suav nrog ntau yam phosphates, citric acid, kua txiv qaub, yogurt, buttermilk, cocoa, thiab vinegar. Baking soda siv tau nrog cov poov xab ua khob noom cookie, uas ua rau cov khoom sib zog ntawm cov xim thiab tsawg acidic.

Kuv tsis tuaj yeem sib xyaw nrog acid?

Cua sov los ntawm nws tus kheej tuaj yeem ua rau sodium bicarbonate los ua tus neeg sawv cev hauv kev ci vim thermal decomposition thiab tso tawm carbon dioxide. Thaum siv ib leeg nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, tsis muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv acidic, tsuas yog ib nrab ntawm cov muaj CO2 raug tso tawm. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum tsis muaj kua qaub, cov thermal decomposition ntawm dej qab zib ua rau kev tsim ntawm sodium carbonate, uas yog alkaline heev. Nws imparts ib iab, soapy saj thiab daj xim rau cov khoom ci.

Lwm daim ntawv thov

Dhau li ntawm qhov no, muaj lwm qhov chaw siv cov khoom noj ntxiv E500. Cov baking soda muajcov tebchaw uas ua rau lwm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo.

Yog li, ib pinch ntawm ci dej qab zib nyob rau hauv ib lub lauj kaub ntawm boiling dej speeds li softening ntawm peas, lentils thiab taum. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws qhov sib ntxiv txo qhov mob plab los ntawm kev noj ntau hom zaub qhwv. Koj tuaj yeem tso qee cov baking soda rau hauv koj lub cheese fondue kom nws fluffier thiab yooj yim zom.

Sodium bicarbonate neutralizes lossis txo cov kua qaub ntau hauv cov zaub mov. Qhov no kuj tseem ceeb heev thaum ua jams nrog txiv hmab txiv ntoo tart zoo li hiav txwv buckthorn thiab rhubarb, vim nws softens lub tsw yog li koj tsis tas yuav ntxiv ntau cov suab thaj. Baking soda kuj tseem siv tau los ua kom tsis muaj kua qaub ntau dhau los yog kua txiv qaub thaum ua noj, yog tias lawv ntxiv rau ntau qhov yuam kev.

Sodium bicarbonate yog qee zaum siv los ua zaub ntsuab vim nws muab cov xim ntsuab zoo nkauj uas tau piav qhia raws li kev pom zoo. Qhov no yog vim nws cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog chlorophyll thiab tsim ntawm chlorophyllin. Txawm li cas los xij, nws muaj feem cuam tshuam rau tsw, kev ntxhib los mos, thiab cov ntsiab lus zoo.

Cov tshuaj ntxiv kuj tseem siv hauv Asian thiab Latin American cuisine los ua kom nqaij tawv. Nws tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov zaub mov kib kom ruaj khov thiab tso pa tawm thaum cua sov. Qhov no tiv thaiv lub khob cij kom tsis txhob tawg thaum ua noj.

Puas txaus ntshai rau kev noj qab haus huv?

Khoom nojAdditive E500 feem ntau muaj kev nyab xeeb rau kev siv hauv cov khoom noj khoom haus thiab tsis muaj kev tso cai ntau tshaj plaws (los ntawm kev ua kom muaj nuj nqis). Tsuas yog siv ntau npaum li koj xav tau rau qhov xav tau.