2024 Tus sau: Isabella Gilson | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 03:27
Raws li koj paub, cheese yog ib yam khoom muaj txiaj ntsig thiab paub txog noob neej rau ntau tshaj ib txhiab xyoo. Nws yog npaj los ntawm cov mis nyuj ntawm ruminants: mas nyuj, tshis, yaj, mare. Tab sis tsis yog txhua tus paub tias cov kab lis kev cai tshwj xeeb rau cov cheese kuj tseem siv rau hauv kev ua cheese, uas, los ntawm txoj kev, tuaj yeem yog cov hauv paus chiv keeb. Nws yog qhov tseeb tias cov khoom npaj hauv tsev yuav yog ob qho tib si tastier thiab noj qab haus huv dua li cov khw muag khoom. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv lub teeb ntawm kev kuaj xyuas tsis ntev los no, uas qhia tau hais tias nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov cheeses yuav tsum tau technology tsis ua raws li thiab additives yog ntxiv uas yog kiag li tsis tsim nyog thiab lwj lub ntuj saj. Qhov no yog ua tiav, raws li txoj cai, txhawm rau txuag tus nqi ntawm kev tsim khoom, thiab txhawm rau ua kom lub txee lub neej ntawm cov khoom fermented mis nyuj. Yog li sourdough rau cheese hauv tsev yuav pom tseeb los ua ke yog tias koj twb tau los ze rau cov lus nug ntawm yuav ua li cas rau koj tus kheej. Ua li ntawd koj yuav tsawg kawg paub tseeb tias nws yog dab tsi.
Nyob hauv tsev cheeses
Yam uas tuaj yeem tsim hauv koj chav ua noj siv cheese pib muab faib ua peb hom.
- Hard cheeses. Lawv yog tsim los ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm sourdough rau cheeses thiab tsev cheese. Lawv khaws cia nyob rau hauv ib lub xovxwm tshwj xeeb (koj tuaj yeem ua koj tus kheej lossis yuav hauv khw, tab sis nws yuav raug nqi zoo nkauj). Qhov tshwm sim tshwm sim tsawg kawg ib hlis. Qhov ntev ntawm qhov raug, qhov zoo dua qhov saj tom qab. Qhov ntom ntawm cov qauv ntawm lub cev ntawm cov khoom yog loj nyob ntawm lub sij hawm thiab qhov hnyav ntawm lub load ntawm cov xovxwm. Lwm qhov caveat: nyuaj cheese tsuas yog ua los ntawm cov mis nyuj xwb.
- Soft cheeses. Cheese pib thiab tsev cheese kuj tseem siv tau ntawm no. Qhov sib txawv nrog cov khoom sib txawv feem ntau yog nyob rau lub sijhawm raug. Thiab cov cheeses mos kuj yog tsim los ntawm cov mis nyuj skimmed, thiab cov khoom tuaj yeem noj tom qab ib lub lim tiam (tib lub sijhawm, hom mos mos tsis npog nrog paraffin rau lub sijhawm ntev).
- Tsev cheeses (xws li Adyghe, suluguni lossis feta cheese). Lawv kuj yog tsim los ntawm tsev cheese, uas muaj cov ntsiab lus siab heev. Lub txee lub neej ntawm xws li cheese yog luv luv. Thiab lawv yog tsim los ntawm cov mis nyuj skimmed (tab sis koj tuaj yeem tau los ntawm tag nrho cov mis nyuj). Cov khoom no yog ib qho yooj yim los ua thiab tsis tas yuav pressurized.
yuav tsum tau ua
- Nws raug nquahu kom noj cov mis nyuj tag nrho (feem ntau yog nyuj cov mis nyuj hauv cov xwm txheej niaj hnub no). Qhov tseem ceeb yog xaiv qhov zoo. Qhia meej tias thaum pub tsiaj tsis sivtshuaj tua kab mob (tsawg kawg rau ib lub lis piam, raws li lawv ua rau cov txheej txheem oxidation qeeb). Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj yog tias koj muaj kev lag luam ntiag tug thiab koj tus kheej horned sawv daws yuav, los yog koj muaj sij hawm los mus tas li yuav raw cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm cov phooj ywg uas koom nyob rau hauv kev ua liaj ua teb. Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias los ntawm 10 liters ntawm mis nyuj koj tuaj yeem tau tsuas yog ib kg ntawm cheese nyuaj, los yog 1.5 kg ntawm cheese, los yog 2 kg ntawm cheese los yog suluguni.
- Los ntawm cov khoom siv - nws tuaj yeem tsim pheej yig thiab nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes, yog li tsis txhob yuav cov kev xaiv kim kim - koj yuav xav tau: cheese pwm (yuav ua tau los ntawm cov kaus poom zoo tib yam), xovxwm nrog lub piston (Nyob rau hauv tsev nws yog tsim los ntawm cov laug cam thiab ib tug clamp), tus pas ntsuas kub rau cov kua, riam, colander, gauze, paraffin (yog hais tias peb tab tom npaj nyuaj cheese).
Sourdough starter for cheese at home
Thiab, ntawm chav kawm, sourdough yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cheese. Nws yuav tsum tau siv kom nws nkoos sai li sai tau thiab raws li tau zoo raws li qhov tsim ntawm tus nqi ntawm cov kua qaub, uas yuav txaus rau cov txheej txheem raug. Hauv tsev cheesemaking, buttermilk, yogurts, thiab hmoov pib, thiab cov khoom siv mis nyuj, ib txwm tau, thiab cov poov xab yog siv. Nco ntsoov tias tus cwj pwm uas lub cheese pib muaj (ntau dua, nws keeb kwm) cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau nws saj thiab aroma. Yog li koj yuav tsum xaiv cov kev xaiv, sib cuam tshuam koj tus kheej saj thiab nyiam nrog classic technologies.
Cheese. Nplooj. Daim ntawv qhia yog qhov yooj yim tshaj
Ib nrab liter ntawm tshiabtawm cov mis nyuj uas muaj mis nyuj rau qaub rau ntawm chav tsev (los yog siab dua me ntsis) qhov kub. Feem ntau ib hnub yog txaus ntawm qhov kub zoo ntawm 30 degrees. Peb siv qhov pib no, ntxiv rau cov khoom siv tseem ceeb, hauv kev tsim cov cheese hauv tsev uas tsis tas yuav siv lub xovxwm.
Lwm txoj kev xaiv
Sourdough rau tsev cheese kuj tuaj yeem npaj nrog cov poov xab. Ntxiv 1/8 stick ntawm poov xab rau cov mis nyuj sov. Peb tawm ntawm qhov sib tov no mus rau ib hnub hauv qhov chaw sov. Tom qab ntawd peb ncuav tawm ib nrab ntawm cov mis nyuj thiab ntxiv tshiab. Peb ua qhov no txhua lub lim tiam. Thaum lub sij hawm no, lub sourdough yuav paub tab thiab npaj siv. Peb ntxiv nws rau cov khoom siv tseem ceeb.
Abonet
Cov khoom no tau paub ntev hauv kev ua cheese ua cov pib rau tsev cheese. Thiab nyob rau hauv kev lag luam cheese nws yog siv heev nquag rau zus tau tej cov cheeses. Cov khoom no yog dab tsi? Txawm tias cov neeg Greek thaum ub, raws li cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb, siv lub plab ntawm ungulates ua cov ntim rau cov kua, feem ntau yuav nrhiav tau qhov tshwm sim ntawm nws cov nyhuv ntawm cov khoom siv mis nyuj. Los yog tej zaum cov tshuab no tau paub ua ntej? Hauv ruminants, qhov no yog ntu 4 ntawm lub plab multichambered (glandular plab). Nyob rau hauv cov nyuj (los yog yaj), piv txwv li, leej twg pub niam mis, ib tug tshwj xeeb rennet nquag ua nyob rau ntawd, uas yog koom nyob rau hauv digestion - rennin. Nws rhuav tshem peptides. Qhov rennet no yog thawj cov tshuaj cais tawm hauv chav kuaj. Los ntawm txoj kev, tus Dane Christian Hansen, uas nrhiav tau nws los ntawm ntsev extraction nyob rau hauvXyoo 1874, tom qab tsim lub tuam txhab uas tseem yog cov chaw tsim khoom loj tshaj plaws ntawm cov enzyme. Lub hauv paus tseem ceeb yog lub plab ntawm cov nqaij nyuj (hnub nyoog - tsis pub ntau tshaj 10 hnub), qhuav thiab hauv av hauv ib txoj kev tshwj xeeb. Rennet yog cov khoom tseem ceeb siv hauv kev ua cheese.
txheej txheem essence
Thaum rennet nkag mus rau hauv cov mis nyuj nyob rau hauv tej yam kub thiab txias, cov txheej txheem ntawm coagulation ceev ntawm cov mis nyuj pib - curdling. Hauv tsev, siv abomasum yog qhov yooj yim heev, yog li tsis tas yuav ntshai qhov no. Peb tsuas yog noj ib ntsiav tshuaj los yog extract (nyob rau hauv daim ntawv uas nws yog feem ntau yog muag) thiab yaj nyob rau hauv cov mis nyuj nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub (los yog me ntsis siab dua). Cov nyhuv yog pom nyob rau hauv ib teev. Los ntawm txoj kev, nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov tsev cheeses ntawm ib tug mos mos, kev siv ntawm rennet yog tsis tsim nyog. Nws yog txaus los siv starters los ntawm ib txwm qaub mis nyuj. Qhov tsis yooj yim tsuas yog tias cov txheej txheem curdling yuav siv sijhawm ntev dua. Feem ntau - me ntsis ntau tshaj ib hnub. Thaum lub sij hawm no, lub clot - lub curd pib - thiab whey tswj cais. Tab sis tseem, qee tus neeg nyiam siv rennet hauv tsev txhawm rau txhim kho saj thiab ua kom cov cheese kom loj tuaj.
rau cov neeg tsis noj nqaij
Neeg tsis noj nqaij muaj lus nug ntau txog kev siv tsiaj enzyme hauv kev tsim cov cheese. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm tsis ntev los no (piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe), hloov rennet tau siv rau cheese ua. Rov qab rau hauv 60s ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem, cov kab mob sib xws ntawm cov kab mob tau raug cais tawm, uas koom nrog hauv kev sib txuas.enzyme. Thiab txij li thaum ntxov 90s, genetic biotechnology thiab rennin tsim los ntawm cov kab mob tau siv. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv tsis tau lees paub, ntau dua li ib nrab ntawm cov khoom siv cheese hauv Tebchaws Europe tam sim no tau tsim nrog cov khoom siv no. Tab sis qee lub tuam txhab tseem ua raws li cov thev naus laus zis niaj hnub hauv kev ua noj thiab siv tsiaj rennet.
Ntawm lub tsev muag tshuaj
Los ntawm txoj kev, xws li cov pib rau cheese kuj tsim nyog rau kev ua noj hauv tsev ntawm cov khoom noj qab zib fermented. Lub tsev muag tshuaj muag pepsin. Qhov tsuas yog qhov tsis zoo yog qee tus nqi siab ntawm lub khw muag tshuaj enzyme thiab nws qhov tsis txaus. Tab sis yog tias koj muaj sijhawm kom tau txais cov tshuaj no, xav siv nws los tsim cov cheese hauv tsev.
Pom zoo:
Cov zaub mov noj kom poob phaus los ntawm tsev cheese: kev xaiv noj zaub mov, calorie ntsiab lus ntawm tsev cheese, qhia, contraindications, lus pom zoo, tshuaj xyuas thiab cov txiaj ntsig
Qee cov zaub mov nruj tsis suav nrog qhov ua tau ntawm kev noj cov tsev cheese. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis hais txog qhov ntsuas no, cov khoom siv mis nyuj fermented no muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau lub cev ntawm cov neeg uas poob phaus. Tsev cheese muaj cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, thiab tseem muaj ntau cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb rau lub plab thiab cov hnyuv. Cov khoom noj khoom haus tshwj xeeb tau tsim nyob rau hauv uas tsev cheese yog cov khoom tseem ceeb
Calorie suav noj zaub mov: Kev tshuaj xyuas, kev xaiv noj zaub mov, Lub hom phiaj, Cov Haujlwm, Cov Ntawv Qhia Txhua Lub Limtiam, Cov Lus Qhia, Contraindications, Cov Lus Qhia thiab Cov txiaj ntsig
Muaj ntau cov zaub mov thiab txoj hauv kev kom poob phaus. Hmoov tsis zoo, feem ntau ntawm lawv tso cai rau koj poob phaus ntxiv ntawm tus nqi siab: ua rau koj noj qab haus huv. Txoj kev nyab xeeb tshaj plaws thiab zoo tshaj plaws yog kev suav cov calories noj
Cov nqaij npuas pub mis niam: noj zaub mov rau cov niam laus, noj zaub mov kom raug, tso cai thiab txwv cov zaub mov, kev cai ua noj, zaub mov txawv thiab yuav tsum tau saib xyuas tus menyuam lub plab zom mov
Thaum pub mis niam, tus poj niam yuav tsum txwv nws tus kheej hauv kev xaiv cov tais diav. Qee cov zaub mov ua rau muaj kev tsis haum rau menyuam yaus, lwm yam cuam tshuam kev zom zaub mov. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tus niam laus yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj cov khoom noj tsis txaus. Ib qho ntawm cov tais diav uas muaj teeb meem tshaj plaws yog nqaij npuas. Puas muaj peev xwm pub mis nyuj nqaij npuas, tsab xov xwm yuav qhia
Kev noj zaub mov tsis muaj nqaij rau kev poob phaus: kev xaiv noj zaub mov, lub hom phiaj, cov haujlwm, cov ntawv qhia zaub mov rau lub lim tiam, qhia, contraindications, lus pom zoo, tshuaj xyuas thiab cov txiaj ntsig
Kev noj zaub mov tsis muaj nqaij kom poob phaus - Puas yog qhov tseeb lossis lus dab neeg? Nws tsis yog rau tsis muaj dab tsi uas muaj ntau cov zaub mov hauv ntiaj teb raws li kev noj zaub mov thiab veganism. Xws li kev noj haus implies ib tug tag nrho tsis kam ntawm nqaij. Nyob ntawm tus neeg txoj kev ntseeg, nws kuj yuav tsis kam noj cov khoom noj mis thiab qe. Tab sis qhov no yog ib qho kev xaiv dhau heev: tom qab tag nrho, lub cev yuav tsum tau txais cov protein. Tsab ntawv nthuav qhia cov zaub mov rau kev poob phaus yam tsis muaj nqaij, thiab tseem piav qhia txog cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev poob phaus ntawm kev noj zaub mov zoo li no
Kev noj zaub mov "1200 calories": tshuaj xyuas, kev xaiv noj zaub mov, lub hom phiaj, cov haujlwm, cov ntawv qhia zaub mov rau lub lim tiam, qhia, contraindications, cov lus pom zoo thiab cov txiaj ntsig
Muaj ntau cov zaub mov tau tsim, uas txhua tus poj niam tuaj yeem xaiv qhov nws nyiam. Ntawm lawv muaj cov kev poob phaus uas tsis suav nrog kev txwv nruj rau kev siv qee yam khoom. Tab sis tsis yog txhua tus tuaj yeem "boast" cov kev tshuaj xyuas zoo. Kev noj zaub mov 1200 calorie yog txoj kev nyab xeeb tshaj plaws thiab zoo tshaj plaws kom poob phaus. Nws yog tsim los ntawm ib qho kev pom zoo, cov zaub mov sib npaug, cov ntsiab lus calorie txhua hnub uas tsis pub tshaj 1200 kcal
