Cold-smoked ntses: technology, zaub mov txawv. Hom ntses twg zoo dua rau haus luam yeeb hauv tsev haus luam yeeb? Cold smoked mackerel

2024 Tus sau: Isabella Gilson | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 03:27

Smoked ntses… Cov khoom no zoo siab rau ntau tus gourmets thoob ntiaj teb nrog nws cov saj thiab khoom noj khoom haus zoo. Cold-smoked ntses tau dhau los ua zaub mov noj txhua hnub thiab lub rooj noj mov. Nws yog ib qho zoo sib xws li zaub mov rau zaub, ua appetizer rau cawv, thiab ua zaub mov tseem ceeb.

Txog thaum tsis ntev los no, ua cov nqaij haus luam yeeb nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes zoo li yog ib qho teeb meem nyuaj thiab tsis meej pem. Txawm li cas los xij, tam sim no, nrog rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm Is Taws Nem thiab cov khoom tsim nyog, cov txheej txheem kev haus luam yeeb tau dhau los ua yooj yim thiab pheej yig dua. Koj tuaj yeem ua tiav tag kis, siv tsawg kawg ntawm kev siv zog thiab nyiaj txiag. Tsis tas li ntawd, koj tuaj yeem haus luam yeeb ntses lossis nqaij ua ntu zus thiab tsis tu ncua, ua rau koj tus kheej thiab koj tsev neeg ua rau cov khoom noj qab nyob zoo lossis npaj koj tus kheej txoj kev lag luam muaj txiaj ntsig.

Yog li nws puas ua tau tiag tiag ua noj ntses haus koj tus kheej? Dab tsi yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account thiab dab tsi yuam kev yuav tsum zam? Dab tsi yog technology ntawm kev haus luam yeeb txias hauv tsev? Yog tias koj txaus siab, peb tsab xov xwm yog rau koj!

Kev haus luam yeeb txias yog dab tsi

Kev haus luam yeeb txias yog ib txoj hauv kev ua zaub mov nrog cov pa luam yeeb ntoo kom khaws cia rau lub sijhawm ntev. Txoj kev no yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab siv tau, vim tias cov khoom noj uas siav muaj cov vitamins thiab minerals ntau tshaj plaws, thiab tseem tuaj yeem khaws cia rau lub sijhawm ntev.

Txawm li cas los xij, txoj kev haus luam yeeb txias yog qhov ntev thiab ua haujlwm hnyav. Nws koom nrog cov txheej txheem ntev uas yuav tsum tau siv zog ua haujlwm.

Dab tsi yog qhov txias haus ntses tshuab? Nyob rau hauv luv luv, pre-s alted ntses yog haus luam yeeb rau ob peb hnub nyob rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb tsim chaw. Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm no, cov tshuaj muaj nyob hauv cov pa luam yeeb tau tso tawm, uas muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiab tiv thaiv cov khoom los ntawm kev cuam tshuam los ntawm cov kab mob lwj thiab decomposition.

Tseem muaj cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb ntawm tsoomfwv tswj kev siv thev naus laus zis rau kev tsim cov ntses txias-smoking. Cov kev coj ua zoo li no yog abbreviated li "GOST". Cold-smoked ntses, raws li lub xeev tau lees paub, dhau los ntawm ntau theem ntawm nws cov kev npaj, pib los ntawm defrosting, ntxuav thiab txiav cov carcass thiab xaus nrog s alting thiab haus luam yeeb. Muaj ib qho kev qhia tsim nyog, ruaj khov rau txhua theem ntawm cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis no.

Txawm li cas los xij, cov neeg uas tsis paub txog kev haus luam yeeb tam sim ntawd muaj cov lus nug tshwj xeeb, cov ntsiab lus: hom ntses twg zoo dua rau haus luam yeeb hauv tsev haus luam yeeb? Yuav tsum ua li no ntev npaum li cas? Cov ntoo zoo li caspuas zoo rau kev haus luam yeeb hauv tsev? Thiab nws puas tuaj yeem tsim tus neeg haus luam yeeb hauv tsev koj tus kheej?

Zoo, cia peb maj mam sim nthuav tawm cov lus zais ntawm cov tshuab ua kom txias-kua ntses.

Yuav tsum tau hom ntses

Puas yog ntses twg zoo dua los haus luam yeeb hauv tsev haus luam yeeb? Yog lawm, vim tias tsis yog txhua tus ntses tuaj yeem haus luam yeeb txias, vim tias cov khoom qab zib thiab cov khoom noj khoom haus tau ploj thaum ua haujlwm.

Yog li cas ntses zoo dua haus luam yeeb hauv tsev haus luam yeeb? Mackerel thiab ntses salmon yog qhov qab tshaj plaws thiab qab qab, ua raws li carp, silver carp, herring, sterlet, eel, flounder thiab lwm yam. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog cov ntses tshiab, oily thiab, yog tias ua tau, tib qhov loj me (kom ua kom s alting thiab haus luam yeeb sib npaug).

Yog li, peb tau txiav txim siab ntawm hom khoom. Tam sim no cia saib seb lub tsev haus luam yeeb yog dab tsi thiab koj tuaj yeem tsim ib qho hauv tsev li cas.

Smokehouse. Kev tsim kho

txhawm rau tsim kom muaj lub tsev zoo thiab tsim nyog raws li cov thev naus laus zis rau kev tsim cov ntses txias haus, koj yuav tsum txiav txim siab ntau npaum li cas koj yuav siv tus qauv no. Yog tias tsawg, ces koj tuaj yeem tsim lub tsev ib ntus (lossis pov tseg) haus luam yeeb, yog tias feem ntau, tom qab ntawd mus tas li.

Rau thawj hom smokehouse, koj yuav tsum ua raws li cov lus qhia yooj yim thiab meej:

1. Khawb ib lub trench hauv av nrog me ntsis nce mus rau sab mus rau lub tsev haus luam yeeb thiab ntsuas ob mus rau peb meters ntev, ib nrab ib 'meter' dav thiab ib quarter 'meter' tob.
2. Npog lub kwj deg nrog cov khoomTsis-flammable hlau thiab turf, sprinkle nrog primer.
3. Tau lub qhov cub hauv qab ntawm lub trench.
4. Nyob rau saum lub kwj deg, nruab ib lub thav duab ntoo, qhov siab uas yuav yog ib thiab ib nrab meters, thiab qhov dav yuav yog ib 'meter'.
5. Npog ob sab ntawm tus ncej nrog polyethylene zaj duab xis, thiab muab cov ntaub ntub dej rau saum.

Yuav kom siv lub tsev haus luam yeeb no mus tas li, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ntxiv dag zog rau lub trench los ntawm txoj hlua nws nrog cib, thiab tseem hloov cov thav duab tawg nrog cov khoom ntoo lossis cib. Koj tseem tuaj yeem yuav cov neeg haus luam yeeb hauv khw lossis tsim los ntawm lub thoob loj, lub tub yees qub thiab lwm yam khoom siv me me, loj loj ntawm koj lub neej txhua hnub.

Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev haus luam yeeb ntses txias yog tias cov pa luam yeeb yuav nce los ntawm cov diluted hearth raws cov trench mus txog rau lub tsev haus luam yeeb, txias raws li qhov xav tau. Cov pa luam yeeb yuav tawm los ntawm cov neeg haus luam yeeb.

chav pa taws yuav pab peb

Hom tsev haus luam yeeb no yooj yim heev los tsim nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes yam tsis muaj kev txawj thiab peev xwm tshwj xeeb. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis ntev los no tau muaj ntau qhov kev tsim kho tshiab uas pab kom haus luam yeeb ntses zoo dua thiab ua tau zoo dua. Kev qhia txog cov kev hloov tshiab no hauv kev siv tshuab ntawm cov ntses uas haus luam yeeb txias yuav txuag koj lub zog thiab ua kom lub sijhawm. Lawv yuav txhim kho qhov saj ntawm cov khoom tiav thiab pab koj haus luam yeeb nrog kev xyiv fab thiab kev zoo siab.

Ib qho ntawm cov kev tsim kho tshiab niaj hnub zoo yog lub tsev tsim hluav taws xob nrog lub tshuab hluav taws xob pa luam yeeb. Lub ntsiab ntawm cov cuab yeej no yog tsim cov tsim nyogcov pa luam yeeb thiab pub rau hauv lub thawv haus luam yeeb, thaum ua haujlwm offline.

Koj tuaj yeem tsim lub tshuab hluav taws xob pa luam yeeb nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes los ntawm lub kiv cua, lub ntsuas cua sov, lub tshuab nqus tsev, ntau hom kav dej, fittings thiab txuas cov xov hlau, nrog rau lwm yam khoom ntawm tes. Cov kaus poom hlau lossis cov lauj kaub tuaj yeem ua vaj tse rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob, txhua cov yeeb nkab ua los ntawm cov khoom siv refractory tuaj yeem ua lub chimney.

txhawm rau sib sau ua ke lub tshuab hluav taws xob hauv tsev, koj yuav xav tau lub tshuab sib tsoo thiab lub tshuab vuam, nrog rau qee qhov kev txawj thiab peev xwm. Qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv qhov teeb meem no yog welding lub chimney haum rau cov yeeb nkab, thiab ua lub qhov rooj rau lub hau thiab lub firebox. Tab sis qhov tshwm sim yuav tsim nyog - koj tau txais qab, tusyees haus cov nqaij ntses tsis muaj zog ntau.

Tau kawg, koj tuaj yeem yuav chav tsev pa luam yeeb, uas yuav ua kom yooj yim rau nws tsim thiab ua haujlwm.

Feem ntau, lub tshuab hluav taws xob pa luam yeeb yuav tsum tau thauj khoom ib hnub ib zaug nrog me me ntawm cov ntoo chips - kwv yees li ib liter ntawm qhov loj. Xws li chav tsev tsim khoom tuaj yeem khaws cia rau hauv chav nres tsheb thiab lub txee dai khaub ncaws, nws yog qhov compact thiab txawb.

Txawm li cas los xij, tsis txhob hnov qab tias cov cuab yeej no yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas: tsis tu ncua ntxuav lub thawv los ntawm cov hmoov tshauv lwj, ntxuav lub casing thiab ntau dua.

Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob pa luam yeeb, yuav tsum tau ua raws li qhov kev nyab xeeb yooj yim:

- nruab lub cuab yeej rau ntawm qhov tawv tawv.

- xyuas kom cov xaim raug tshem tawm ntawm qhov chaw muaj hluav taws xob thiab kub siab.

- lub tshuab hluav taws xob pa taws yuav tsum tau ua hauv av.

- kom menyuam thiab tsiaj nyob deb ntawm lub tshuab ua haujlwm.

Cov lus qhia zoo sib xws yuav tsum tau ua raws thaum haus luam yeeb yam tsis muaj lub tshuab hluav taws xob. Piv txwv li, koj yuav tsum cog ib lub hearth nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw fireproof tawm ntawm cov me nyuam yaus ncav cuag. Nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau muab cov cuab yeej hluav taws xob tsim nyog nyob ze ntawm lub tsev haus luam yeeb - shovel, hluav taws tua hluav taws, lub thoob dej.

Yog li ntawd, lub tsev haus luam yeeb (tsev los yog yuav khoom) tau npaj nrog peb. Tam sim no cia peb tham txog cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb ntawm kev haus luam yeeb txias.

siv ntoo

Yuav ua li cas yog ntoo thiab sawdust siv rau lub hearth?

Kev siv tshuab ntawm cov ntses haus luam yeeb txias yog siv cov ntoo tawv. Feem ntau siv yog maple, aspen, ntoo qhib, roob tshauv, txiv duaj thiab txiv apples, uas xyaum tsis tawm tar, tab sis tsim cov pa luam yeeb.

Kev haus luam yeeb, koj yuav tsum xaiv cov ceg nyias nyias, nrog rau cov chips thiab sawdust, uas yuav smolder rau lub sijhawm ntev, tsim kom muaj qhov kub thiab txias thiab haus luam yeeb.

Nws yog qhov tsim nyog hais tias hom ntoo siv cuam tshuam rau saj thiab aroma ntawm cov khoom haus luam yeeb. Piv txwv li, tshauv muab ntses nplua nuj saj, hazel muab lub ntse thiab khaus aroma, thaum maple impregnates smoked ntses nrog saj ntawm nqaij.

Ntau tus neeg xav tias tsuas yog cov taws qhuav qhuav xwb yuav tsum tau coj mus rau lub tsev haus luam yeeb. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis xav tau. Txhua yam nyob ntawm koj lub siab nyiam thiab nyiam.

Yog tias koj xav kom koj cov ntses tiav lawm txawvtart saj thiab txhim kho xim av, koj tuaj yeem siv cov ntoo me ntsis ntub dej. Thiab yog tias koj xav kom cov khoom haus luam yeeb kom muaj lub ntsej muag ci ci thiab qab qab qab, ces xaiv cov ceg ntoo kom qhuav.

Feem ntau, nrog kev siv txhua yam ntoo, koj tuaj yeem sim, tsim kev sib txawv. Piv txwv li, blackberry, currant thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo nplooj thiab twigs ntxiv rau lub hearth muab tus cwj pwm txawv saj. Ntses thiab sawdust los ntawm hornbeam yuav muab ib tug peculiar saj.

Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv ntau hom ntoo, thaum tswj qhov sib piv yooj yim: yuav tsum muaj ntoo me me dua li cov ntoo niaj hnub.

Thaum ua kev saj thiab kev sim ua noj, nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws tsis txhob siv cov ntoo coniferous rau cov ntses haus luam yeeb, vim tias lawv muab cov khoom tsis zoo siab thiab emit resins uas nyob rau saum npoo ntawm cov tais diav nrog ib txheej nyias nyias.

Tsis tas li, tsis txhob ntxiv cov ntoo uas muaj kab mob fungi, pwm thiab rot. Nco ntsoov tshem tawm cov tawv ntoo ua ntej siv ntoo, vim thaum lub sij hawm combustion txheej txheem nws muaj peev xwm tso cov tshuaj lom thiab muab cov khoom ib undesirable iab saj.

Ceev faj thaum siv cov ntoo birch, vim nws tuaj yeem ntxiv qhov tsis tsim nyog iab rau cov khoom haus luam yeeb.

Nws kuj yuav tsum tau hais tias tsis muaj teeb meem koj yuav tsum kiv cua hauv lub siab. Thaum haus luam yeeb txias, ntoo yuav tsum smolder nquag thiab intensively; rau qhov no, fractionally tawg ceg yuav tsum tau them nrog me me.sawdust.

Tau txiav txim siab txog hom ntoo rau kev yug me nyuam, cia peb xav txog yuav ua li cas npaj peb cov ntses ncaj qha rau kev haus luam yeeb.

Kev ua noj ua haus: s alting lossis marinade

Cia peb mus nrhiav tau ib daim ntawv qhia ua kua ntses qab heev. Piv txwv li, mackerel.

Ua ntej haus luam yeeb nws tus kheej, nyiam dua thaum yav tsaus ntuj, nws yuav tsum tau ntxuav kom huv si. Los ntawm lub plab ntawm cov ntses, cov entrails, mis nyuj thiab gills yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm. Tsis tas yuav txiav lub taub hau. Tsis tas li ntawd, tsis txhob khawb ntawm daim tawv nqaij los yog nplai, qhov no yuav cia cov mackerel khaws cov juiciness ntawm cov nqaij thiab ilv aroma.

Yuav tsum tau muab ntses txiav ua tej daim? Tsis tas yuav ua qhov no rau cov qauv me me, tab sis nws raug nquahu kom faib cov ntses loj rau hauv daim los yog txiav me me raws tus txha nraub qaum. Qhov no yuav ua rau cov khoom ntsev thiab haus luam yeeb sib npaug thiab nrawm.

cov txheej txheem s alting mus li cas? Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev rau kev ua cov ntses nrog ntsev. Piv txwv li, koj tuaj yeem grate cov ntses sab hauv thiab tawm, ntxiv cov txuj lom, dos thiab muab tso rau hauv kev tsim txom rau rau rau mus rau kaum ob teev.

Lwm qhov kev xaiv ntsev yog los npaj cov kua ntsev uas muaj zog thiab tso mackerel rau hauv nws li nees nkaum mus rau peb caug feeb.

Cov ntses fatty yuav tsum tau s alted nyob rau hauv ib tug me ntsis txawv txoj kev: cov khoom, abundantly rubbed nrog ntsev thiab txuj lom, qhwv nyob rau hauv ntawv ci los yog parchment thiab muab tso rau hauv ib tug nruj kaw yas, iav los yog enamel thawv rau ob mus rau peb hnub.

S alted li no, txias-smoked mackerelyuav tau noj qab nyob zoo thiab qab heev.

Ntxiv nrog rau kev ntsev, ntses tuaj yeem tsau rau hauv marinade. Qhov no yuav ua rau nws cov nqaij txawm softer thiab juicier, nrog rau muab nws nrog cov tsim nyog flavors thiab ntxoov.

Y Rau pickling, koj yuav xav tau ib lub quarter ntawm ib khob ntsev, ib nrab ib khob ntawm txiv qaub kua txiv, ib khob ntawm caw dawb thiab soy sauce (cov khoom xyaw yog xam ib liter dej). Koj tuaj yeem ntxiv cov dos thiab koj nyiam cov txuj lom thiab seasonings ntawm no.

Mackerel pickling lub sij hawm yog los ntawm yim mus rau kaum teev. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas cov ntses pickled yuav tsum nyob rau hauv lub thawv kaw hauv lub tub yees.

Penultimate stage: ziab thiab kho

Tom qab ntsev, cov ntses yuav tsum tau ntxuav kom huv si (hauv ob peb dej) thiab tsau, uas tuaj yeem siv li ob peb hnub. Tom ntej no, cov khoom yuav tsum tau qhuav. Ua li no, lub cev tuag tau dai vertically, tsis npog nrog dab tsi, tab sis tiv thaiv los ntawm yoov thiab lwm yam kab, thiab khaws cia rau peb mus rau tsib hnub.

Nyob rau theem no, txhua tus ntses yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo tshuaj xyuas kom tshem tau cov khoom lwj, tsis qab ntsev. Yog cov ntses tsw tsw phem lossis muaj nqaij friable, yuav tsum muab pov tseg.

Tom qab ziab, cov pob txha raug dai rau hauv lub txee haus luam yeeb, sim tsis txhob kov ib leeg. Ua tsaug rau qhov no, cov pa luam yeeb yuav sib npaug ntawm cov ntses los ntawm txhua sab, uas yuav txhim kho qhov zoo thiab ceev ntawm nws qhov kev npaj.

Tam sim no cia peb mus ncaj qha rau kev haus luam yeeb.

Yuav tsum tau haus luam yeeb ntev

Yog li, peb cov mackerel tau npaj rau kev haus luam yeeb txias, thiab ntawm no yog cov lus nug ib txwm tshwm sim: nws siv sijhawm ntev npaum li cas los haus ntses?

Yuav haus ntses ntau npaum li cas yog ib lo lus nug uas muaj ntau thiab nrov, cov lus teb uas qhia nws tus kheej: thaum haus luam yeeb txias, nws tsis yooj yim sua kom npaj cov zaub mov qab thiab nyab xeeb yam tsis muaj kev kho cua sov.

Nws kuj yog qhov laj thawj los xaus tias lub sijhawm haus luam yeeb txias ntawm cov ntses nyob ntawm nws qhov loj thiab cov ntsiab lus rog. Qhov nruab nrab, nws yuav siv ob peb hnub.

Cold-smoked fish technology tsis cuam tshuam nrog kev ua noj thaum ib hnub mus rau ntuj. Yog tias koj mus so sab nraum lub nroog ntev heev, ces xav tias pib haus luam yeeb txawm tias cov ntses loj tshaj plaws thiab rog tshaj plaws.

Yuav haus ntses me npaum li cas? Feem ntau cov ntses me yog haus tau ob mus rau peb hnub, thaum cov ntses loj tuaj yeem ua rau plaub lossis ntau dua.

Cov kws ua zaub mov muaj txuj ci pom zoo kom pib haus luam yeeb thaum sawv ntxov, nyob rau hnub ci huab cua. Thawj hnub nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej tias cov pa luam yeeb nkag mus rau hauv lub txee haus luam yeeb tsis tu ncua, thiab tsuas yog tom qab ntawd, vim muaj xwm txheej, tej zaum yuav muaj qhov sib txawv me ntsis hauv nws cov dej ntws. Yog li txoj hauj lwm ntawm kev haus luam yeeb txias muaj peev xwm tiv tau nrog ib tus neeg!

Yuav tsum haus luam yeeb kub

Dab tsi yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau cov ntses txias haus? Nco ntsoov xyuas kom meej tias huab cua hauv lub tsev haus luam yeeb tsis nce siab tshaj peb caug degrees Celsius. Qhov kub zoo tshaj plawsnws yog nees nkaum tsib degrees.

Tib lub sijhawm, koj yuav tsum tsis tu ncua xyuas qhov kub thiab txias ntawm huab cua hauv chav nws tus kheej txhawm rau kho lub smoldering hearth, yog tias tsim nyog.

Txawm li cas los xij, peb yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias koj tsis tuaj yeem qhib lub tsev haus luam yeeb ntau dhau txhawm rau txhawm rau saib hauv nruab nrab - qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau lub sijhawm haus luam yeeb ntau ntawm cov khoom lossis tseem ua rau tag nrho cov txheej txheem.

Tom qab haus luam yeeb, cov ntses tsis raug tshem tawm ntawm lawv cov neeg haus luam yeeb tam sim ntawd, tab sis tso cai kom qhuav rau ob peb hnub ntxiv kom nws thiaj li tau txais cov xim kub thiab muaj kuab heev.

yog dab tsi, npaj noj?

Yog li, lub sijhawm ua noj thiab qhov kub tau ua tiav, thiab peb cov mackerel txias haus tau npaj txhij!

Yuav ua li cas qhia tau tias haus ntses siv tau?

Txij li thaum lub caij txias haus luam yeeb cov carcass yog saturated nrog pa taws los ntawm hluav taws thiab poob feem ntau ntawm cov roj thiab noo noo, cov nqaij ntawm cov ntses no yuav tsum tau qhuav thiab tawv, muaj ib tug ci golden crust thiab haum snugly rau lub ridge.. Thiab ntawm chav kawm, cov khoom npaj kom zoo yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj qhov tsw tsw qab thiab qab qab.

Nyob ntev cia ntses tiav

Txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj los khaws cov ntses haus luam yeeb yog dab tsi? Cov khoom yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw huv si thiab qhuav nrog huab cua tsis tu ncua ntawm peb degrees. Yog li, cov ntses tuaj yeem tso rau hauv tub yees rau ib lub lis piam.

Txawm li cas los xij, yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias lub tais muaj cov ntxhiab tsw tshwj xeeb, yog li nws yuav tsum muab khaws cia rau hauv daim ntawv tuab.

Cov ntses uas haus dej txias tuaj yeem khovlub tshuab nqus tsev ntim rau 3 lub hlis. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj rau defrost cov khoom hauv lub microwave.

Yog tias koj txiav txim siab tso cov ntses haus luam yeeb hauv qhov tshwj tseg, nco ntsoov nco ntsoov tias thaum lub sijhawm khaws cia, nws saj thiab khoom noj khoom haus tsis zoo. Yog li ntawd, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los noj cov khoom no hauv thawj peb hnub.

Nyob zoo!