Cov cawv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Sicily: tshuaj xyuas, tshuaj xyuas

2024 Tus sau: Isabella Gilson | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 03:27

Cov kob loj tshaj plaws hauv Mediterranean phiab - Sicily - paub tsis yog rau nws cov roob hluav taws thiab cov dab neeg ua tsis zoo rau mafia. Qhov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm qhov chaw no yog nyob ntawm qhov sib npaug nrog ntuj, keeb kwm thiab kab lis kev cai.

Cov cawv ntawm Sicily yog lub ntsiab lus tshwj xeeb tsim nyog rau kev kawm ntxiv. Tsis muaj teeb meem dab tsi koj hais txog qhov hloov maj mam ntawm cov dej qab zib los ntawm Veneto, Asti Valley thiab lwm cov npe ntawm sab qaum teb Italian, cov kob muab ib feem peb ntawm lub teb chaws cov cawv xa tawm. Hauv kab lus no, peb yuav "swm" tsuas yog cov cawv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Sicily.

Dej nta

Qee cov sommeliers thov tias nyob rau hauv cov kob kub, huab cua zoo li African, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntim cov suab thaj ntau dhau los ua cov cawv zoo. Hais tias, lawv yog cov yam ntxwv, muaj zog, tsis phem quench lawv nqhis dej. Tab sis lawv tsis muaj qhov dhau ntawm nuances hauv saj, uas Fabkis wines muaj nuj nqis heev. Yog lawm, txog thaum xyoo 2011, cov dej haus los ntawm thaj av no muaj IGT raws li txoj cai. Tab sis tam sim no lawv tau muab DOC qeb, thiab lub npe hu ua"Cerasuolo di Vittoria" - txawm DOCG. Cov kob tsim tsis tau tsuas yog khoom qab zib wines, tab sis kuj qhuav sawv daws yuav. Cov dej haus liab thiab dawb tau ua pov thawj lawv tus kheej zoo.

Keeb kwm ntawm winemaking hauv Sicily

thawj vines ntawm cov kob tau cog los ntawm Phoenicians. Qhov no yog pov thawj los ntawm archaeological pom yos rov qab mus rau lub thib ob txhiab xyoo BC. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 8th BC e. Greek kev thaj yeeb pib tshwm sim ntawm cov kob. Lawv yog thawj tus pib yug me nyuam ntau yam. Tab sis cov Greeks xyaum ua winemaking rau cov ntoo, cia cov vine nce mus txog lub cev (feem ntau yog txiv ntseej).

Cov neeg Loos uas tuaj rau hauv cov kob tau hloov pauv kev cog qoob loo, tab sis sab laug autochthonous ntau yam. Cov cawv ntawm Sicily tau nto moo thoob plaws ntiaj teb thaum ub. Julius Caesar, piv txwv li, hlub mamertino, thaum Pliny nyiam faro. Txawm tias thaum lub sij hawm Arab conquest ntawm cov kob, wine ntau lawm tsis nres. Qhov kev lag luam no tau tsim ntau dua nyob rau hauv txoj cai ntawm Aragonese thiab Angevin dynasties, ua qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam ntawm Sicily.

Tab sis nyob rau lub sijhawm tam sim no, winemaking ntawm Sicily tau tsim ntiaj teb koob meej los ntawm cov neeg Askiv, uas poob rau hauv kev hlub nrog marsala. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua puv 19, kev lag luam raug kev puas tsuaj loj heev. Phylloxera aphid tau rhuav tshem tag nrho cov vaj txiv hmab hauv Tebchaws Europe. Thiab Sicily tsis muaj kev zam. Tsuas yog siab ntawm qhov chaw siab tshaj ntawm Etna, thaj av ua ntej phylloxera tau khaws cia, qhov chaw cog qoob loo, zoo li nyob rau hnub qub, nrog ib tsob ntoo. Nws siv ib nrab xyoo rau kev lag luam kom rov zoo. Tam sim no winemaking yog mus dhau lub sijhawm ntawm kev loj hlob sai. Cia peb saib cov npe tseem ceeb thiab cov npe nrov tshaj plaws.

Txoj kev hauv zoswinemaking

Qhov txawv ntawm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim cov cawv hauv Sicily yog cov neeg txawv teb chaws ntau yam tsis nyiam ntawm no. Merlot, Cabernet thiab Pinot Noir tsuas yog loj hlob ntawm qhov me me. Tab sis qhov tseem ceeb 28 ntau yam tau cog rau ntawm no, uas yog suav tias yog autochthonous los yog imported nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm (xws li Syrah los yog Muscat).

Cov kob tau muab faib ua ntau thaj chaw ua cawv. Nyob rau sab hnub tuaj, feem ntau liab ntau yam yog zus, thiab nyob rau sab hnub poob, dawb sawv daws yuav. Cov cawv ntawm Sicily muaj nuj nqis rau lawv lub cev tag nrho. Hais tias haus yog "corposo" txhais tau hais tias qhuas nws. Cov neeg ncig tebchaws xav tsis thoob los ntawm cov vaj txiv hmab lawv tus kheej. Cov neeg cog qoob loo tsis cog txhua lub vine cais, txhawb nqa nws ntawm cov hlau rods, tab sis cia nws loj hlob raws li tag nrho cov hav txwv yeem, uas yog hu ua alberello. Cov qoob loo hauv Sicily kav ntev dua li lwm thaj tsam ntawm Ltalis - ntau npaum li 90 hnub. Qhov no, los ntawm txoj kev, tso cai rau cov kob los tsim lwm ceg ntawm kev lag luam - agritourism.

Grape ntau yam

Vines uas tau bred nyob rau hauv cov kob nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm yog li inextricably txuas nrog cov av hauv zos thiab huab cua uas lawv tau tag "poob" nyob rau hauv lwm cheeb tsam. Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub hnub kub, nyob rau hauv volcanic av thiab nyob rau hauv lub ua tsis taus pa ntawm hiav txwv breeze, autochthonous ntau yam tau txais lawv cov cim tshwj xeeb. Ntawm cov liab, cov no yog Calabrese (ntsuas los ntawm sab qab teb ntawm Ltalis), Perricone, Nerello (nrog subspecies ntawm Cappuccio thiab Mascalese), Frappato.

Tab sis ntau yam nto moo tshaj plaws, uas tau qhuas cov cawv ntawm Sicily thoob plaws ntiaj teb, yog Nero d'Avola. Nws, zoo li chameleon, hloov nws qhov zoo nyob ntawm qhov terroir. Yog li ntawd, wine ntawm no ntau yam yuav tsumyuav tsuas yog DOC pawg. Ntawm cov hom dawb, nto moo tshaj plaws yog Grillo. Nws muab cov dej haus lub cev, kev ntxhib los mos, thiab cia muaj peev xwm. Lwm yam dawb muaj xws li Damaschino, Carricante, Inzolia, Grecanico, Malvasia di Lipare, Zibibbo, thiab feem ntau ancient, Cataratto. Sicilian cov neeg tsim khoom kuj tseem ua cov cawv txiv hmab sib xyaw. Tab sis kuj muaj cov dej qab zib zoo heev.

Nws nyuaj hais tias qhov twg terroir yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws hauv Sicily. Wines yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws nyob txhua qhov chaw, vim hais tias nyob rau hauv txhua qhov appellation cov ntau yam tau loj hlob uas tau nthuav tawm ntau tshaj plaws hauv cheeb tsam. Sicily yog ib puag ncig los ntawm thaj chaw me me. Cov no yog Aeolian Islands, Lampedusa, Pantelleria. Lawv ua liqueurs thiab khoom qab zib wines.

Nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw siab tshaj ntawm Etna, Vulcano thiab Stramboli muaj cov av uas nplua nuj nrog cov zaub mov. Qee lub vaj txiv hmab nyob ntawm qhov siab ntawm 1200 meters saum toj no hiav txwv theem. Hauv cheeb tsam Etna loj heev, DOCs tsim cov dej haus dawb thiab liab. Volcano wines feem ntau piv rau Fabkis wines (feem ntau Pinot Noir thiab Gris) vim hais tias lawv hloov maj mam, elegant thiab muaj zoo organoleptic zoo. Lub cheeb tsam loj tshaj plaws hauv Sicily - Marsala DOC - nyob ze ntawm lub nroog Trapani.

Kawm nyeem cov ntawv

Txawm tias lub npe nrov tshaj plaws thiab nrov tshaj plaws tsim cov dej qab zib sib txawv - "txhua hnub" thiab vintage wines ntawm vintage zoo tshaj plaws. Yog li ntawd, ua ntej yuav ib lub raj mis, ua tib zoo nyeem nws daim ntawv lo. Lub ntsiab lus zais ntawm qhov zoo yog nyob rau hauv cov ntawv luv. Nrog cov lus "vino da Tavola" (qee zaumcov ntawv luv V.d. T. yog siv), cov lus niaj hnub ntawm Sicily raug cim. Qhov no yog tus nqi qis tshaj plaws. Ib lub raj mis raug nqi txog 45 rubles. Daim ntawv lo tsis qhia qhov twg cov dej tau sau tseg, lossis cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo.

IGT sawv cev rau Indicazione Geografica Tipica. Wines nrog "Hloj Geographical Identification" yog qhov zoo thiab lub teeb. Lawv tuaj yeem qhia qhov ntau thiab xyoo ntawm kev sau qoob loo. Tab sis cov txheej txheem ntau lawm yog nyob rau ntawm txoj kev hlub tshua ntawm lub tsev wine. Tus nqi ntawm cov dej haus hauv Sicily yog los ntawm 90 txog 250 rubles rau ib lub raj mis.

Cov ntawv luv DOC sawv cev rau Kev Tswj Xyuas Lub Tebchaws. Wines nrog cov xwm txheej no yog tsim nyob rau hauv ib cheeb tsam kom meej meej, los ntawm ntau yam tau tso cai los ntawm txoj cai, nrog rau kev tso cai ntsuas ntawm yield ntawm cov khoom tiav. Qhov no yog saib los ntawm National Institute of Original Names.

Raws li twb tau hais lawm, tsuas yog ib lub npe ntawm cov kob muaj DOCG qeb. Cov ntawv luv no sib haum rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws raws li GOST hauv Russia. Tsab ntawv G nyob rau hauv nws txhais tau tias "guarantee". Tag nrho cov dej qab zib tsim nyob rau hauv Cerasuolo di Vittoria wine cheeb tsam nyob rau sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj ntawm Sicily yog cov neeg tseem ceeb. Cov cheeb tsam hauv qab no muaj DOC raws li txoj cai: Alcano, Vittoria, Contea di Sclafani, Eloro, Etna, Marsala, Noto, Faro, Monreale thiab lwm yam.

Tsuas yog DOCG sub-region ntawm cov kob npog thaj tsam me. Nws suav nrog cov kev sib txuas ntawm Ragusa, Catania thiab C altanisetta. Tab sis thaj chaw no tsim cov cawv liab zoo tshaj plaws hauv Sicily. Tsuas yog ob hom kev cog qoob loo ntawm no: Nero d'Avola thiabFrappato. Lub subregion Cerasuolo di Vittoria tau tsim nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov xyoo pua 17th los ntawm tus ntxhais ntawm viceroy ntawm Sicily, Vittoria Colonna Henriques. Countess Modike, txhawm rau nyiam cov neeg nyob tshiab, muab txhua tsev neeg ib hectar av rau vineyards.

Thaum qhov kev sim nyiaj txiag zoo li no, nws tau pom tias nyob ib puag ncig ntawm lub nroog Vittoria muaj qhov tshwj xeeb huab cua thiab cov av. Cov cheeb tsam hauv cheeb tsam tau raug cuam tshuam los ntawm phylloxera pandemic, tab sis cov ntoo cog tshiab tau tsim cov qoob loo zoo sib xws. Wineries "Ochchipinti", "Curto", "Kos", "Planet", "Gulfi", "Feudi del Pisciotto" tau ntev tau cog qoob loo ntawm cov muaj zog, tus yam ntxwv "Nero d'Avola" thiab mos, graceful, elegant "Frappato ".

Marsala

Qhov no nto moo tshaj plaws hnub nyoog liab caw ntawm Sicily yog tib lub gastronomic "mus ntsib daim npav" ntawm cov kob li tequila yog rau Mexico lossis vodka yog rau Russia. Cov dej haus tau pib tsim nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm los ntawm ntau yam Grillo. Cov no yog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo dawb. Tab sis cov dej haus los ntawm nws hloov tawm ib qho xim, uas, raws li kev faib tawm ntawm ntxoov ntxoo, tau txais lub npe "Marsala". Hauv kev zam, nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm burgundy thiab xim av.

Tab sis marsala wines sib txawv hauv cov xim rau hauv "oro" (kub), "ambergris" thiab "ruby". Hom tom kawg yog tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm Grillo thiab liab txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Kuj tseem muaj kev faib tawm raws li cov ntsiab lus qab zib. Qhuav marsala muaj tsawg dua 40 g ib 1 liter, ib nrab qhuav - los ntawm 40 mus rau 100, thiab cov khoom qab zib nto moo tshaj plaws - ntau tshaj ib puas grams ib liter. Feem ntau cov cawv muaj zog li ntawm 20 degrees.

Tab sis muaj tsawgthiab ntau yam paub tab ntawm marsala (virgine thiab riserva). Interestingly, tus txiv neej Askiv John Wodehouse ua kom muaj koob meej thoob ntiaj teb rau cov cawv txiv hmab no, uas thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th pib tsim nws ntawm lub Hoobkas me me ze Trapani. Tam sim no marsala yog ib qho khoom siv tsis sib xws rau kev ua cov khoom qab zib tiramisu sib npaug. Ntau manufacturers siv cov zaub mov txawv txawv. Piv txwv li, "Marsala Vecchio Samperi Ventennale" yog cov cawv uas tsis muaj cawv ua raws li cov zaub mov qub. Thiab qee cov tuam txhab lag luam txawm siv qe dawb ntawm cov khoom xyaw.

Wine "Nero d'Avola" (Sicily, Ltalis)

Tab sis cov haiv neeg nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm cov kob yog Nero D'Avola. Hauv kev txhais lus, nws lub npe suab yooj yim: "Dub los ntawm Avola" (lub nroog me me hauv nruab nrab Sicily). Tab sis ntawm cov kob nws yog hu ua "prince of wines." Thiab tag nrho vim qhov no Infanta muaj ib tug heev capricious thiab hloov tau tus cwj pwm. Cov vines ntawm Nero d'Avola, cog rau hauv ib qho chaw sib txawv, tsim cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo nrog txawv saj thiab paj.

Txawm li cas los xij, ntau yam tau loj hlob thoob plaws Sicily. Nws thaj tsam sown yog 18 txhiab hectares. Loj hlob ze ntawm lub nroog Avola, ntau yam muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm gastronomic. Nws cov cawv yog cov qauv, tag nrho lub cev, nrog kev laus muaj peev xwm zoo. Nyob rau hauv lub bouquet ntawm haus, tones ntawm cherries thiab cherries yog nyeem. Nero d'Avola feem ntau yog siv los tsim cov cawv ntau yam thiab tsis tshua muaj sib xyaw. Cov dej haus hluas yog qhov txawv los ntawm cov xim dawb huv, hauv cov dej haus muaj hnub nyoog, cov xim ntau dua reminiscent ntawm garnet. Zoo li lwm cov cawv liab qhuav ntawm Sicily, nwslub fortress yog 13-15 degrees.

Moscato del Pantelleria

Cov khoom qab zib no los ntawm Sicily ua rau cov kob nto moo li Marsala. Hauv kev ncaj ncees, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias Moscato yog tsim nyob rau hauv Pantelleria. Ntawm cov kob me me nyob ze Sicily, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tau coj los ntawm Alexandria los ntawm Saracens thaum lub sijhawm Arab conquest. Nyob rau yav qab teb hnub, nutmeg qhuav rau ntawm ceg, tig yuav luag rau hauv raisins. Los ntawm xws li berries Saracens ua qab zib caw.

Lo lus Arabic "zabib" (raisin) ua lub hauv paus rau lub npe thib ob ntawm cov dej haus los ntawm cov kob ntawm Pantelleria - "jibibbo". Thiab cov uas tau saj cawv hu ua divine nectar. Lub jibibbo muaj ib tug sib sib zog nqus golden xim fading rau amber thiab ib tug nplua nuj bouquet. Lub palate muaj sau ntawv ntawm apricots, qhuav figs, saffron thiab zib mu.

Lwm Muscats

Sicily cov khoom qab zib dawb wines tsis txwv rau zibibbo. Muscat los ntawm Syracuse kuj yuav tsum tau hais. Cov cawv no yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm cov xim zoo nkauj zoo nkauj, tsw ntxhiab tsw thiab saj tshwj xeeb nrog cov lus qhia ntawm zib ntab thiab qab zib txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Tab sis cov dej haus muaj hnub nyoog hauv cov thoob rau ntau xyoo. Yog li ntawd, qhov tsawg kawg nkaus lub zog ntawm Muscat los ntawm Syracuse yog 16.5 degrees.

Malvasia, uas tau mob siab rau odes nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm, tseem yog tsim nyob rau hauv Sicily. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws wine ntawm hom no yog tsim nyob ze Lipari. Cov cawv no yog tsim los ntawm ntau hom Malvasia. Kev ntxiv me me ntawm Corinto Nero tau txais, uas muab lub teeb haus dej kubamber xim. Lwm cov cawv dawb qab zib suav nrog Moscato di Noto, uas yog tsim nyob rau sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj ntawm cov kob.

"Volcanic" wines ntawm Sicily

Hauv kev tshuaj xyuas, cov neeg siv khoom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov dej qab zib ua los ntawm cov qoob loo uas tau sau rau ntawm qhov chaw siab tshaj ntawm Etna thiab lub hav uas nyob ib sab. Cov av ntawm no zoo-drained, nplua nuj nyob rau hauv minerals thiab fertilized nrog volcanic tshauv. Txij li thaum lub vineyards nyob siab (qee zaum 1200 m saum toj no hiav txwv theem), huab cua ntawm no tsis kub heev. Cov autochthonous Minella, Nerello, Cataratta, Grillo, Carricante thiab Tuscan Trebiano ntau yam muab cov ntaub ntawv raw rau cov khoom tsim nyog qhuav liab, dawb thiab rosé wines. Hauv cheeb tsam DOC ntawm Etna, cov dej haus ntawm txhua lub tsev zoo sib npaug.

Kev cuam tshuam ntawm Sicily ntawm winemaking hauv lwm thaj tsam

Cov kob yog nyob rau hauv cov Greeks, Loos, Arabs, Goths, Aragonese, Fabkis. Winemakers tau txais cov tswv yim ntawm lawv cov npoj yaig los ntawm txawv teb chaws, tab sis lawv tus kheej tau qhia lawv cov kev paub dhau los. Ib qho piv txwv ntawm qhov no yog cawv "Vega Sicilia Unico". Cov dej haus no yog tsim hauv Valbuena de Duero, Spanish xeev Valladolid. Tab sis los ntawm lub npe nws tau pom tseeb tias cov cawv yog ua raws li kev siv tshuab Sicilian ib txwm muaj.