2024 Tus sau: Isabella Gilson | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 03:27
Txhua tus neeg tsawg kawg ib zaug hauv nws lub neej sim cov khoom yaj. Nws tau lees paub tias lawv tau tshwm sim hauv tebchaws Russia thaum lub sijhawm Peter I. Nws txawm tau tshaj tawm tsab cai tswjfwm tus nqi ntawm cov khoom no hauv lub tebchaws.
Nyob rau hauv peb lub sijhawm, ziab, bagels thiab bagels yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm cov tshuaj yej tog. Cov menyuam yaus thiab cov laus nyiam lawv.
Tau kawg, txheej txheem ntawm kev ua cov khoom yaj tsis yooj yim, tab sis cov nqi hluav taws xob tau them tag nrho vim tias cov khoom no nrov heev ntawm cov pej xeem. Puas muaj peev xwm ua bagels hauv tsev?
daim ntawv qhia yooj yim
Ntau tus niam tsev nyiam cov ncuav qab zib hauv tsev. Hauv Is Taws Nem muaj ntau yam zaub mov txawv rau kev ua cov khoom yaj. Hauv qab no yog ib qho ntawm lawv. Ua noj koj yuav xav tau:
- hmoov nplej (800 - 900 g);
- dry poov xab (1 tsp);
- qab zib (2 tablespoons);
- mis nyuj (250 ml);
- qe (1 pc.);
- ntsev (1.5 tsp);
- margarine (25 g).
Ua ntej koj yuav tsum muab cov margarine rau hauv saucepan, ncuav nrog mis nyuj thiab kub kom txog thaum sov (25 - 35 ℃). Yog tias koj tsis muaj tus pas ntsuas kub tshwj xeeb, ces koj tuaj yeem taug kev los ntawm lub cev kub. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias cov poov xab tuag thaum rhuab heev, yog li yog tias koj overheat cov kua npaj, koj yuav tsum tau txias me ntsis.
Hauv ib lub tais nyias, muab cov suab thaj, ntsev thiab cov poov xab. Ntxiv cov resulting sib tov rau preheated mis nyuj nrog margarine. Npog lub qe thiab ntxiv cov hmoov nplej. Ua tib zoo sib tov cov khoom xyaw, knead lub resulting mov paj intensively thiab cia nws sov so rau 40 feeb.
Tom qab lub sijhawm tos, koj yuav tsum tsim cov menyuam me, 0.5 - 1 cm tuab, thiab tom qab ntawd ua cov nplhaib me me tawm ntawm lawv. Thiab ntawm no yog me ntsis zais cia - cov blanks no yuav tsum tau muab rhaub hauv dej npau npau (1 min.), Tom qab ntawd cov khoom siv yaj hauv tsev yuav zoo ib yam li ua tau rau cov khoom lag luam.
Tom qab tshem tawm ntawm cov dej, cov nplhaib yuav tsum tau muab tso rau ntawm daim ntawv parchment, qhuav me ntsis thiab xa mus rau qhov cub preheated rau 180 degrees. Nws yog qhia kom ci bagels rau 15 - 20 feeb.
Mass production
Tau kawg, ntawm qhov muag ntawm tus neeg ua haujlwm lub Hoobkas bagel, daim ntawv qhia saum toj no zoo li qub. Tab sis tus neeg uas tsis yog tus kheej rau qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm kev ua bagels ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem muaj kev nyab xeeb.nco ntsoov nws. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, cov kauj ruam saum toj no yooj yim ua raws thiab cov txheej txheem nws tus kheej siv sijhawm me ntsis thiab tseem pheej yig.
Kev tsim cov khoom yaj rau ntau yam ntawm cov neeg siv khoom xav tau kev hloov kho tshiab ntawm cov cuab yeej thiab kev tsim cov zaub mov tshiab, vim tias cov neeg nyiam nag hmo tsis ua rau lawv txaus siab thiab kev xyiv fab niaj hnub no. Yog li ntawd, txhua xyoo muaj ntau thiab ntau yam tshiab ntawm cov khoom no. Feem ntau hauv kev siv tshuab ua bagels muaj cov haujlwm zoo li no:
- kneading khob noom;
- pab nias;
- rest;
- shaping;
- pov thawj;
- welding;
- baking.
Nyob rau hauv qee lub lag luam, kev npaj theem ntawm kev tsim khoom suav nrog kev npaj cov ncuav qab zib lossis porridge. Lwm cov chaw tsim khoom ntxiv cov poov xab ua kom muaj zog (nrog rau lwm cov khoom xyaw) ncaj qha rau cov hmoov nplej thiab knead ib lub khob noom cookie tam sim ntawd.
txheej txheem ua noj
Dab tsi yog rub thiab vim li cas thiaj xav tau? Cov khob cij npaj tau dhau mus dhau los ntawm lub tshuab folding, ua tsaug rau cov txheej txheem no, qhov o ntawm gluten tau txhim kho. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los saib xyuas qhov sib xws ntawm tag nrho cov huab hwm coj, vim tias kev ntxhov siab ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua rau muaj zog ntxiv. Hauv qhov no, kev siv tshuab ua noj yuav raug ua txhaum, thiab vim li ntawd, cov khoom yuav dhau los ua cov khoom tsis zoo.
Cov khob noom cookie yog dov thiab npog nrog ib daim ntaub ntub dej. Lub sijhawm so nyob ntawm seb muaj pes tsawg thiab qhov zoo ntawm gluten. Feem ntau tos 10 - 30 min. thiab pibmolding. Lub sijhawm so yog qee zaum hla dhau vim tsis muaj cov khoom noj muaj fiber ntau thiab tsis muaj qhov nplaum.
Yuav kom cov khoom lag luam ua tus qauv loj, siv lub tshuab tshwj xeeb faib thiab molding. Tom ntej no, cov khob noom cookie yuav tsum tau mus dhau cov txheej txheem pov thawj, thaum lub sij hawm uas lawv yuav ua elastic rau sab nraud thiab ntxeem tau sab hauv.
kawg theem
Ua raws scalding blanks hauv boiling dej los yog steaming.
Ntau tus neeg xav paub tias lub hom phiaj ntawm scalding mov paj ua ntej ci yog dab tsi. Qhov tseeb yog tias nws yog cov txheej txheem no uas muab cov bagels nrog glossy zoo. Tsis tas li, ua tsaug rau nws, cov duab ntawm cov khoom yog tsau.
Tom qab ziab, pib ci, uas siv sijhawm 9 - 25 feeb, nyob ntawm seb hom khoom thiab qhov xav tau.
Tswv Ntuj rau kev lig kev cai
Hauv xyoo 1966, Ostankino lamb khoom Hoobkas tau tsim. Nws yog ib lub tuam txhab tshwj xeeb rau kev txhim kho thiab tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom tshiab ntawm lamb-drying khoom. Tam sim no, cov nroj tsuag tseem ua haujlwm thiab nthuav dav ntau yam ntawm pastries.
Yog tias koj xav tau, koj tuaj yeem pom tag nrho cov txheej txheem ua noj koj tus kheej los ntawm kev kos npe rau kev ncig xyuas kev lag luam. Tam sim no cov nroj tsuag tseem tsim cov khoom lag luam (cookies, marshmallows, waffles, gingerbread).
Nws yog qhov nthuav tias tsuas yog hauv thaj chaw ntawm lub tebchaws tom qab-Soviet, ib pawg cais ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus tau faib rau cov khoom yaj. Hauv lwm qhov chaw ntawm lub ntiaj teb, lawv suav tias tsuas yog cov khoom muaj feem cuam tshuam xwb.
Lub sijhawm dhau los, cov thev naus laus zis tsim khoom lag luam tau pib siv ob qho tib si hauv cov khoom noj loj thiab me. Tau kawg, cov cuab yeej siv ntxiv thiab kev cob qhia cov neeg ua haujlwm tau xav tau. Tab sis cov nqi them sai sai, ua tsaug rau qhov kev thov rau cov khoom no los ntawm cov neeg yuav khoom.
Variety
Cov khoom lag luam yaj ib txwm muaj me me thiab muaj peb hom tseem ceeb:
- bagels;
- ziab;
- bagels.
Muaj ntau yam khoom zoo sib xws, xws li cov quav cab thiab cov khob cij. Lawv kuj raug cov txheej txheem ntawm scalding nyob rau hauv boiling dej los yog chav scalding. Sticks nrog ntxiv ntawm txiv lws suav thiab tshuaj ntsuab yog qhov xav tau zoo ntawm cov txiv neej ntawm cov pejxeem ntawm ntau lub tebchaws.
Cov menyuam yaus nyiam cov straws nrog cov noob poppy lossis qab zib.
Dab tsi
Cia peb saib cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom lag luam bagel kom yooj yim rau koj taug qab cov khoom no. Ua ntej, cia peb kawm seb koj tuaj yeem txiav txim siab hom ci li cas.
| Npe | Mass (g) | Thickness (cm) | kab (cm) |
| Baubel | 50 - 100 | 3,3 | 10 - 12 |
| Baranka | 25 - 40 | 2 | 7 - 9 |
| 6, 5 -12 | 1-1, 7 | 4 - 6 |
Rau lub sijhawm ntev cia bagels thiab ziab yog qhov zoo heev. Yog tias koj mus ncig ua si, nco ntsoov nqa cov khoom zoo li no nrog koj. Vim li cas lawv kav ntev li ntawd? Qee tus neeg yuav xav tias qhov no yog ib qho cim ntawm qhov muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, tab sis qhov kev pom no yog qhov tsis ncaj ncees lawm. Qhov tseeb, qhov ua kom yuam kev yog nyob rau hauv cov dej noo tsawg. Nco ntsoov khaws lub khob cij ntev npaum li cas yog tias nws txiav rau hauv daim thiab qhuav hauv qhov cub. Tib txoj cai siv rau cov khoom qhuav.
Bagels, ntawm qhov tod tes, muaj dej noo ntau thiab tseem siv tau rau lub sijhawm luv luv (16 teev), yuav luag zoo li buns. Tau kawg, lub sijhawm no tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv mus txog 72 teev yog tias siv cov ntim tshwj xeeb. Tab sis puas muaj qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev siv nyiaj ntau dua? Cov neeg siv khoom nyiam nyiam cov khoom ci tshiab, yog li cov tuam txhab lag luam yuav tsum suav cov nyiaj tau los thiab cov nuj nqis ua ntej txiav txim siab. Cov neeg yuav khoom, nyob rau hauv lem, yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account tias factories tsis ua kev siab hlub ua hauj lwm, yog li ntawd, thaum muas bagels nyob rau hauv ib lub pob, ib tug neeg them rau qhov sib txawv ntawm tus nqi ntawm cov khoom ntawm nws tus kheej cov nqi.
ziab, bagels thiab bagels, nyob ntawm seb cov ntsiab lus qab zib, yooj yim (2-3%) thiab nplua nuj (7 - 18%). Qee qhov yog tsim los ntawm qib thawj cov hmoov nplej, thaum lwm tus yog ua los ntawm qib thawj thiab cov hmoov zoo.
Ua tsaug rau cov khoom lag luam yaj, txhua tus neeg Lavxias muaj lub sijhawm los saj cov ncuav qab zib ntawm lawv cov poj koob yawm txwv thiab yog li kov keeb kwm.
Pom zoo:
Kev faib cov kas fes los ntawm keeb kwm, los ntawm ntau yam, los ntawm lub zog, los ntawm hom kev ua thiab roasting
Kab lus no yuav tsom mus rau kev faib cov kas fes. Txog rau hnub tim, ntau tshaj 55 (lossis txawm tias txog 90, raws li qee qhov chaw) ntau yam ntawm tsob ntoo thiab 2 hom tseem ceeb paub. Lawv muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov yam ntxwv, piv txwv li, saj, aroma, grain zoo, tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg. Qhov no, nyob rau hauv lem, yog cuam tshuam los ntawm kev nyab xeeb nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam uas cov ntoo loj hlob, thev naus laus zis ntawm kev sau thiab kev ua haujlwm tom ntej. Thiab chav kawm ntawm kas fes nyob ntawm cov khoom no
Hom thiab ntau yam ntawm cov hnyuv ntxwm: kev faib tawm, saj yam ntxwv thiab ua raws li GOST cov cai
Hnub no muaj ntau ntau hom thiab ntau yam: boiled, raw-smoking thiab boiled-smoked sausages. Lawv txawv tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv txoj kev ua, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv hom thiab muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm raw cov ntaub ntawv, nyob rau hauv tus qauv ntawm minced nqaij ntawm txiav thiab hom ntawm lub plhaub, nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov muaj nqis thiab zoo, uas, nyob rau hauv lem, yog txiav txim los ntawm lub xim, saj thiab tsw ntawm cov khoom
Hom mayonnaise thiab lawv cov kev faib tawm, kev puas tsuaj thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov khoom
Mayonnaise yog cov ntses txias tshaj plaws, uas yog seasoned nrog ntau yam tais diav hauv CIS lub teb chaws. Tias yog vim li cas nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab meej meej rau koj tus kheej tias mayonnaise yog dab tsi, nws tau faib li cas, nws muaj txiaj ntsig dab tsi thiab nws raug mob dab tsi, vim tias tsuas yog nyob rau hauv txoj kev no nws yuav tuaj yeem xaiv qhov hnav khaub ncaws zoo tshaj plaws rau koj nyiam zaub xam lav
Kev faib tawm ntawm cognac. Kev faib tawm ntawm Lavxias thiab Fabkis cognac
Kev faib tawm ntawm cognac, nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm nws cov khoom tsim, zoo, sib xyaw tuaj yeem muaj ntau haiv neeg. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav txiav txim siab qhov teeb meem no kom ntxaws
Hom, yam ntxwv thiab kev faib tawm ntawm POP (cov chaw tsim khoom noj)
POP (cov chaw tsim khoom noj) yog cov chaw tsim khoom uas pab cov neeg xav noj zaub mov qab. Nyob ntawm ntau yam, lawv muab faib ua pawg. Cia peb xav txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm POP kev faib tawm (raws li GOST)
