Yog cawv tsis ferment, kuv yuav ua li cas? Yuav txuag cawv li cas?

2024 Tus sau: Isabella Gilson | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 03:27

Kev nplua nuj ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo, txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog qhov laj thawj tsis yog tsuas yog kaw ntau cov jams thiab compotes rau lub caij ntuj no, tab sis kuj sim koj tus kheej ua winemaker. Dab tsi ntau tus neeg siv. Tab sis tsis yog txhua yam yog yooj yim heev, feem ntau beginners pom lawv tus kheej nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas ib yam dab tsi mus tsis ncaj ncees lawm. Thiab tom qab ntawd cov lus nug tshwm sim: "Cov cawv txiv hmab tsis ferment, kuv yuav ua li cas?" Tseeb tiag, kev tsim cov cawv txiv hmab yog txheej txheem muaj tswv yim uas yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas kom meej. Yog li ntawd, rau ib tug neeg uas tsis ntev los no tau txiav txim siab los koom nrog kev kos duab zoo kawg nkaus ntawm winemaking, kom paub tias yog vim li cas cov cawv txiv hmab hauv tsev tsis tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog tsis txaj muag, tab sis kuj tseem ceeb heev. Zoo, cia peb sim ua qhov no.

fermentation yog dab tsi?

Raws li cov kws paub txog winemakers hais tias: "Yog tias kev kos duab ntawm kev ua cov cawv txiv hmab zoo yog qee zaum nyob rau ntawm qhov kev paub txog mysticism, ces kev ua khawv koob ntawm kev ua cawv txiv hmab zoo heev feem ntau dhau ntawm kab no." Tau kawg peb yuav tsiskom hais tias mysticism muaj ib yam dab tsi ua nrog qhov tseeb tias cov cawv txiv hmab tsis ferment. Yuav ua li cas rau cov xwm txheej zoo li no yuav pom tseeb yog tias peb xav txog qhov nthuav dav ntawm cov txheej txheem fermentation nws tus kheej. Nws paub tias fermentation yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sib cais cov suab thaj uas muaj nyob rau hauv cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo rau hauv carbon dioxide thiab cawv nyob rau hauv cov enzymes uas tsim los ntawm kab lis kev cai ntawm wine poov xab. Thiab cov poov xab yog ib leeg-celled fungus, tej yam kev mob yog tsim nyog rau lawv lub neej ib txwm. Yog hais tias lawv tsis tau soj ntsuam, lub cawu cub tsis ferment. Yuav ua li cas rau qhov no? Tau kawg, tsim ib qho chaw zoo rau cov poov xab.

Yam fermentation

Nco ntsoov tias cov kws tshaj lij, nrog rau cov kws paub txog cawv, paub qhov txawv ntawm ob theem ntawm fermentation. Vigorous fermentation - kom txog thaum tshem tawm ntawm cov sediment, thiab ntsiag to fermentation los yog "fermentation". Peb, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, yuav txaus siab rau theem ntawm fermentation ceev. Vim hais tias ua ntej kev sib cais ntawm lub pulp, tsis muaj cawu cub xws li tsis tau - yuav tsum tau, thiab tom qab tshem tawm cov sediment, qhov teeb meem tsis yog li ntawd tseem ceeb heev. Yog li, peb tau qhia meej nyob rau lub sijhawm twg nws txaus ntshai tias qhov xwm txheej tshwm sim thaum cov cawv tsis ferment. Yuav ua li cas rau cov xwm txheej zoo li no?

Cov ntsiab lus fermentation

Txhawm rau kom meej meej xav txog qhov theem ntawm kev tsim khoom peb tab tom tham txog, peb yuav piav qhia luv luv ntawm cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis uas peb nyiam. Yog li, tom qab fermentation ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav tsum thiab sib cais ntawm lub pulp, ib tug huab kua yog tau, uas yog ib tug fermented kua txiv thiab yog tus qauv ntawm yav tom ntej wine. Cov kua no tuaj yeem hloov mus rau hauv cawv ntawm ib qho zoo lossis lwm qhov tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej tsim nyog thiab nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev ua kom raug.winemaker.

Lub cev uas tsim nyog rau fermentation yog, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, qhov kub ntawm qhov nruab nrab. Qhov kub zoo tshaj plaws yog suav tias yog 15-20 ºС. Ntawm qhov kub siab tshaj 25 ºС muaj qhov tshwm sim siab ntawm kev rhuav tshem cov cawv (cov txheej txheem yuav mus nrawm heev thiab nws yuav dhau los tswj tsis tau), ntawm 10 ºС fermentation yuav nres. Cov xwm txheej ntawm lub cev yuav tsum suav nrog qhov loj ntawm lub thawv uas fermentation tshwm sim, thiab muaj peev xwm nkag mus rau oxygen. Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov kab mob lom neeg yog: purity ntawm cov kab lis kev cai poov xab, lawv cov concentration, nrog rau cov saturation ntawm cov as-ham nruab nrab. Yog tias siv cov poov xab qus, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau qhov kub thiab txias, fermentation tuaj yeem ua rau qeeb qeeb. Nrog rau cov ntsiab lus qab zib tsawg, nws tuaj yeem nres tag nrho. Cov ntsiab lus qab zib ntau dhau kuj ua rau tsis muaj fermentation.

Koj cov yeeb yam uas yuav ua rau rov pib dua fermentation

Yog cov cawv txiv hmab tsis ferment, kuv yuav ua li cas ua ntej? Yuav pib nrog, xyuas kom meej tias qhov ntsuas kub hauv chav tsis tau poob qis dua qhov tseem ceeb (qee zaum nws txaus kom nce nws los ntawm ob peb degrees). Koj tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas cov ntsiab lus qab zib nrog hydrometer (tsev neeg wine meter) feem ntau yog cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Yog tias tsis muaj suab thaj txaus, koj yuav tsum xaiv ib feem ntawm cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, ntxiv ib feem ntawm qhov xav tau cov suab thaj rau nws thiab yaj nws los ntawm cua sov rau 50-60 ºС. Tom qab cov kua txiv tau txias mus rau chav tsev kub, ncuav nws mus rau hauv lub thawv fermentation. Tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum "rov pib dua" cov cawv txiv hmab nrog cov poov xab tshiab. Nws yuav tsum tsis yog hais tias qhov tshwm simtej zaum yuav ua kom ntseeg tau ntau dua thaum siv cov kab lis kev cai ntshiab wine poov xab. Feem ntau 2-3% pib txaus (nyob ntawm cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo), nws nyob ntawm seb lub zog ntawm cov cawv koj xav tau.

Zoo kawg

Thiab tam sim no koj paub yuav ua li cas ua cawv txiv hmab, nws tseem yog rau peb xav kom koj muaj hmoo zoo hauv koj qhov kev paub zoo ntawm kev ua cov dej haus zoo ntawm cov vajtswv - grape wine.