Sublimated khoom - khoom plig muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tshawb fawb rau noob neej
Sublimated khoom - khoom plig muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tshawb fawb rau noob neej
Anonim

Ntawm thev naus laus zis tau tawg rau hauv peb lub neej niaj hnub zoo li cua daj cua dub. Cov khoom siv tu cev tshiab thiab cov tshuaj hauv tsev, cov khoom siv hauv chav ua noj uas tsis tau pom dua ua ntej, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov khoom siv high-tech ua tiav nyob rau hauv cov tsev niaj hnub. Innovation tau ua nws txoj hauv kev rau peb lub rooj, rau peb daim phiaj thiab iav. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tsis ntev los no, vim muaj kev txaus siab ntawm cov neeg hauv lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev noj qab haus huv, cov khoom khov-qhuav tau nrov zuj zus.

sublimated khoom
sublimated khoom

Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm lub cev sublimation

Sublimation, lossis sublimation, yog kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom los ntawm cov khoom ncaj qha mus rau hauv lub xeev gaseous, tsis suav nrog theem ua kua.

Kev ziab kom qhuav, lossis lyophilization, yog txheej txheem ntawm kev rho tawm cov kua los ntawm cov khoom siv roj ntsha khov. Nws yog raws li evaporation ntawm cov dej khov uas muaj nyob rau hauv cov khoom noj khov, uas yog, nws hloov mus rau hauv vaporous.xeev tsis suav cov kua theem.

Txoj kev sublimation tau tsim nyob rau thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th los ntawm cov neeg txawj ntse Lavxias teb sab inventor G. I. Lappa-Starzhenetsky, uas rov qab rau xyoo 1921 patented txoj kev ntawm sublimation nyob rau hauv lub siab txo. Thawj thawj zaug nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no, khov-drying tau siv nyob rau hauv lub forties nyob rau hauv lub USSR rau kev txuag cov ntshav, ntshav plasma thiab penicillin.

Secrets of industrial production

Cov khoom khov-qhuav yog tsim los ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev sublimation.

Ua ntej ua tiav, cov khoom qub qub yog flash-krozen ntawm qhov kub thiab txias mus txog -200 ° C. Nws qhov kom zoo dua, tsis zoo li qhov ua kom khov, yog cov dej khov nab kuab tau tsim hauv cov ntaub so ntswg me me uas lawv tsis tuaj yeem rhuav tshem txawm tias cell membranes.

Tom qab ntawd cov zaub mov khov yog muab tso rau hauv lub thawv ntim hermetically, los ntawm cov cua uas tau nqus tawm. Tom qab txo qis lub siab nyob rau hauv lub chamber, qhov kub thiab txias yog maj mam nce. Cov dej khov evaporates thiab lub resulting steam yog pumped tawm. Thaum tag nrho cov dej khov nab kuab los ntawm cov khoom tau evaporated, cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis tiav.

sublimated cov khoom txheeb xyuas
sublimated cov khoom txheeb xyuas

Tom ntej no, ib qho roj inert, nitrogen los yog helium, nkag mus rau hauv lub siab sib npaug chamber. Lub chamber qhib, cov khoom qhuav yog unloaded, dai tawm, ntim rau hauv lub hnab roj-vapor-tight. Cua yog nqus tawm ntawm pob, nitrogen yog pumped rau hauv xwb, thiab lub hnab ntim tau kaw.

Cov khoom khov-qhuav: cov txiaj ntsig thiab kev puas tsuaj

Kev ziab kom qhuav kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm txhua yam tsis muajtsis suav nrog cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig thiab cov yam ntxwv organoleptic ntawm cov khoom. Txoj kev no zoo kawg nkaus khaws cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab txiv ntoo, zaub thiab nceb, zaub ntsuab, khoom noj siv mis thiab khoom qab zib, nqaij thiab ntses, kua zaub thiab cereals.

Kev siv kev paub qhia tau hais tias sublimates txawm tias tshaj li cov khoom siv ntuj tsim hauv cov khoom noj khoom haus thiab saj. Nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau xav txog tias ib tug neeg zoo siab haus cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo los yog kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, thiab cov dej qab zib uas tau siv rau hauv kev npaj cov khoom zoo li khov-qhuav muaj cov kev tshuaj xyuas zoo tshaj plaws. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo qhuav qhuav thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo, nrog rau cov khoom noj siv mis, kuj tau ntaus nqi siab.

freeze-dried khoom muaj txiaj ntsig thiab kev puas tsuaj
freeze-dried khoom muaj txiaj ntsig thiab kev puas tsuaj

Cov khoom khov-qhuav tsis muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob lossis cov dyes, thiab qhov no yog lawv qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb hauv kev sib piv nrog rau lwm cov khoom siv mus sij hawm ntev thiab cov khoom siv tam sim.

Qhov txaus ntshai uas tuaj yeem nrog kev yuav khoom ntawm sublimates yog cov khoom siv tsis zoo siv los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom tsis zoo. Koj tuaj yeem tiv thaiv koj tus kheej los ntawm kev yuav khoom los ntawm cov tuam txhab ntseeg siab.

Sublimation yog kev daws teeb meem ntau yam

Cov khoom khov-qhuav tuaj yeem siv dav hauv ob qho tib si ua cov khoom noj ceev thiab ua cov khoom lag luam ib nrab tiav hauv cov khoom noj khoom haus, cov khoom noj khoom haus, nqaij thiab khoom noj siv mis, perfumery thiab lwm yam lag luam.

Nyob rau hauv kev tsim cov mis nyuj fermented, qhuav yooj yim soluble tshuaj tua kab mob, tshuaj tua kab mob thiab kab mob, kev noj haus tshuaj, pib kab lis kev cai thiab enzymes, nqus sublimationtsis muaj lwm txoj.

Cov khoom khov-qhuav yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev muab zaub mov rau kev taug kev ntev thiab mus ncig. Cov txheej txheem ntawm lawv siv yog yooj yim li sai tau: dej yog ntxiv rau cov khoom, thiab nws yog npaj txhij. Nws tsuas yog yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias tus nqi rov qab los ntawm sublimate nyob ntawm qhov kub ntawm cov dej uas nws tau nchuav.

Homemade

Cov txheej txheem ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev sublimation yog kev siv thev naus laus zis, xav tau kev paub tshwj xeeb thiab kev cob qhia, siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb.

sublimated khoom hauv tsev
sublimated khoom hauv tsev

Yog li ntawd, cov lus pom zoo rau cov neeg nyiam ua haujlwm hauv Web yuav ua li cas ua noj cov khoom noj khov-qhuav hauv tsev tuaj yeem pab tau zoo rau cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws thiab cov neeg yos hav zoov uas xav txo qhov hnyav ntawm lub nra los ntawm kev ziab zaub mov, tab sis lawv tsis muaj dab tsi ua. nrog lub tshuab nqus tsev sublimation ntawm cov khoom noj ceev ceev.

Lwm yam yog ziab zaub mov kom txias, raws li cov neeg nyob sab qaum teb tau ua ntau pua xyoo. Cov nqaij thiab ntses nyob rau hauv qhov txias tsis deteriorate, lawv ua sib zog, thaum tuav lawv qhov loj me, cov duab thiab organoleptic zog.

Sublimates tau dav thoob plaws ntiaj teb, hauv Lavxias Federation lawv tsuas yog tau txais koob meej. Tab sis txhua txhua hnub nws dhau los ua ntau thiab pom tseeb tias lawv yog qhov kev xaiv zoo rau kev noj qab haus huv. Cov khoom lag luam sublimated yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo nrhiav tshiab, khoom plig ntawm kev tshawb fawb rau tib neeg.

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