2024 Tus sau: Isabella Gilson | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 03:27
Nyob rau xyoo 2019, tus nqi muag khoom tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm vodka yuav nce ntawm 205 txog 215 rubles. Qhov no yog vim kev nce se ntawm excise se ntawm cawv. Cov neeg yuav khoom feem ntau tsis quav ntsej cov vodka overpriced hauv khw muag khoom thiab nyiam mus yuav ib nrab nqi vodka. Yog li ntawd, rau ib lub raj mis ntawm "me ntsis dawb" nrog lub peev xwm ntawm 0.5 litres thiab tus qauv lub zog ntawm 40%, qhov nruab nrab Lavxias teb sab yuav them 250-350 rubles.
Tus nqi tsis siab yog tias ib tus neeg yuav tsis pub tshaj 1-2 litres ib xyoos. Tab sis nrog kev siv cawv ntau dua, tib neeg pib xav txog yuav ua li cas tsim vodka hauv tsev lawv tus kheej, lossis, ntau dua, yooj yim, moonshine. Tus nqi ntawm cov dej haus no tsis siab dhau lawm, ntxiv rau, yog tias koj tau txais kev paub dhau los, koj tuaj yeem tau txais cov dej cawv zoo hauv tsev nrog cov ntsiab lus tsawg kawg ntawm cov roj fusel. Cov saj thiab aroma ntawm moonshine tuaj yeem txhim kho nrog ntau yam khoom ntxiv - berries, taum kas fes, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, tshuaj ntsuab, txiv ntoo, ntoo qhib tawv thiab shavings, thiab lwm yam. Txoj cai tso cai rau kev tsim cov moonshine rau tus kheej siv ntawm cov nroj tsuag uas muaj peev xwm tsawg (tsawg dua 2,000 litres ib xyoos).
Cia peb sim xam tus nqi ntawm 1 liter ntawm moonshine. Qhov tseeb, ntawm txhua theem ntawm kev tsim cov cawv hauv tsev, koj yuav tau ntsib koj tus kheej cov nqi.
Lub hli yog ua los ntawm
Tus nqi ntawm moonshine yog nyob ntawm cov khoom siv raw siv. Qee cov distillers ua mash yam tsis muaj suab thaj thiab cov poov xab raws li cov khoom lag luam los ntawm lawv lub vaj, piv txwv li, ntawm txiv apples, qab zib beets, qos yaj ywm, berries raws caij nyoog. Tau kawg, tag nrho cov khoom no kuj muaj tus nqi, txij li lawv cov qoob loo xav tau qee cov nuj nqis rau cov noob, cuab yeej, chiv, thiab lwm yam. Tsis tas li ntawd, txhua tus neeg ua liaj ua teb siv sijhawm ntau los saib xyuas cov qoob loo.
Nws nyuaj heev los xam tus nqi tiag tiag ntawm mash los ntawm koj tus kheej cov khoom. Yog li ntawd, rau kev xam, peb yuav coj cov classic qab zib mash. Tus nqi ntawm ib liter ntawm moonshine nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog yooj yim dua los txiav txim.
Dab tsi ua rau tus nqi cawv hauv tsev
Cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis ntawm kev ua cov cawv muaj zog hauv tsev muaj peb theem tseem ceeb:
- Distillation thiab re-distillation (yog tias tsim nyog).
- Ntxhais hli ntuj.
Ntxiv rau, ntau lub tshuab lim dej hais cawv rau txiv ntoo, txiv ntoo thiab tshuaj ntsuab, uas ua rau muaj kev nce ntxiv hauvtus nqi ntawm moonshine. Cov kauj ruam no yog xaiv tau, yog li peb yuav tsis suav nrog nws hauv qhov kwv yees tus nqi kawg.
Txhua theem ntawm kev tsim khoom muaj nws cov nqi. Tab sis ua ntej koj yuav tsum tau npaj txhua yam khoom tsim nyog.
Tus nqi pib
Tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv pib ua kom muaj cawv muaj zog tuaj yeem sib txawv heev. Qee cov neeg sib sau ua ke cov nroj tsuag distillation los ntawm cov khoom siv improvised, thiab nws raug nqi 500 rubles, uas feem ntau yog siv los ntawm kev tau txais lub tank loj rau mash thiab qee yam khoom me me, xws li silicone hose thiab hnab looj tes kho mob (analogous rau lub foob dej). Lwm tus tsis tseg nyiaj thiab yuav lub tuam txhab mini-fledged tag nrho rau kev tsim cov cawv nrog tag nrho automation ntawm tag nrho cov theem tseem ceeb.
Tab sis feem ntau cov neeg txiav txim siab rau cov khoom pib yam tsawg kawg nkaus, uas muaj cov khoom hauv qab no:
- Plastic tank nrog lub peev xwm ntawm 30-40 litres nrog lub qhov ntawm lub hau rau lub foob dej - 300 rubles
- Ib lub foob dej ua tiav nrog roj hmab nres ntawm txoj kab uas xav tau - 100 rubles
- Yas kais rau kev txiav rau hauv lub tank fermentation - 200 rubles
- Moonshine tseem (10-12 l) - 5000 rubles
- Silicone hose (inch 6-10 mm, ntev 4-5 m) - 200 rubles
- tsev neeg haus cawv - 100 rubles
Tag nrho, koj yuav tsum siv 5900 rubles rau thawj zaug yuav khoom. Wb puag ncig lawv mus txog 6,000 rubles los coj mus rau hauv tus account tus nqi hloov pauv hauv cov khw sib txawv.
Tus nqi tag nrho no yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account thaum txiav txim tus nqimoonshine hauv tsev. Nws yog qhov nyuaj heev los ua qhov no, txij li qee tus neeg ua ib zaug ib zaug thiab tso tseg qhov kev lag luam no, lwm tus siv cov cuab yeej siv tag nrho.
Kom yooj yim rau kev xam, peb siv qhov nruab nrab. Lub moonshine yog tsim rau 5 xyoo ntawm kev siv (qhov tseeb, nws tuaj yeem ua haujlwm 15-20). Yog tias koj tsim 20 litres ntawm moonshine ib xyoos, ces 60 rubles yuav tsum tau ntxiv rau tus nqi ntawm ib liter. Thiab yog tias koj tsim 50 liters, ces koj yuav tsum them xwb 10 rubles rau ib liter rau cov khoom depreciation.
Yuav ua li cas xam tus nqi ntawm moonshine? Braga yog thawj zaug npaj los ntawm qab zib, poov xab thiab dej raws li daim ntawv qhia classic. Nws yog cov khoom no uas feem ntau distillers coj mus rau hauv tus account thaum xam cov nqi.
Cov dej cawv pheej yig tuaj yeem yuav rau 70 rubles. rau 100 gr. Qab zib nyob rau hauv lub lag luam wholesale scale - los ntawm 33 rubles. rau kg. Hauv khw muag khoom - 43 rubles. Tus nqi ntawm cov kais dej yog kwv yees li 40 rubles. per kub. Thaum xam tus nqi ntawm mash, tus nqi no tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej, vim tsuas yog 4 kopecks yuav tsum tau muab tso rau txhua liter ntawm raw khoom.
Tam sim no cia peb suav: 10 litres dej yuav xav tau 3 kg suab thaj thiab ib nrab ntawm ib pob cawv qhuav, uas thaum kawg yuav muab 12 litres cawv.
Result - 164 rubles
Los ntawm 12 litres ntawm mash, qhov nruab nrab, 1.2 litres ntawm cov cawv ntshiab yog tau, uas yog sib npaug rau 2.8 litres ntawm moonshine nrog lub zog ntawm 40%. Ib feem ntawm qhov ntim no tuaj yeem muab pov tseg kom nyab xeeb rau kev poob thaum lub sijhawm thib ob distillation, nrog rau "lub taub hau" thiab "tails", uas tsis yog tsim rausiv. Tsis pub ntau tshaj 2.5 litres yuav tawm huv.
Tag nrho: tus nqi ntawm mash rau ib liter ntawm moonshine yog 66 rubles. Peb ncig lawv mus txog 70 rubles.
Distillation
Ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm tus nqi ntawm lub hli yog tus nqi zog. Nws yog qhov teeb meem zoo los suav lawv, txij li cov distillers siv cov kev sib txawv sib txawv uas txawv ntawm qhov ntim, lub zog, thiab phab ntsa thickness. Qee tus nyiam muab cov cuab yeej tso rau ntawm qhov cub roj thaum lub sijhawm distillation, lwm tus ntawm cov hluav taws xob. Muaj cov chav nyob nrog cov khoom cua sov ua ke.
Cov kws tshaj lij moonshiners hais tias kev siv hluav taws xob rau distillation ntawm ib liter yog 1-2 kWh. Yuav ua li cas yog 3,5-7 rubles. Nrog rau qhov muab faib ua ob npaug, tus nqi nce ob npaug raws li.
Koj kuj yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account cov dej haus kom txias. Qhov nruab nrab, nws yog 0.5 cubic meters ib 30 litres ntawm cawv wort. Nrog ob chav distillation - 1 m³. Yog li ntawd, rau ib liter ntawm moonshine koj yuav tsum tau nteg 6 rubles.
Kev ntxuav tes
Dab tsi ntxiv cuam tshuam rau tus nqi ntawm lub hli? Los ntawm cov suab thaj thiab cov poov xab nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm fermentation, ntau yam teeb meem impurities yog tsim, uas yuav tsum tau muab pov tseg. Txoj kev yooj yim tshaj plaws los ntxuav cov cawv hauv tsev yog nrog cov hluav taws xob ua kom sov.
Tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj yog 330 rubles. rau ib pob loj, tsim rau 30 litres. Nws hloov tawm 11 rubles. rau txhua liter ntawm cawv.
Tus nqi kawg
Tus nqi kawg ntawm ib liter ntawm moonshine yog cov lej ntawm cov lej hauv qab no:
- Braga - 70 rubles
- Hluav taws xob (nrog rau ob chav distillation) - 7 rubles
- Dej kom txias (nrog rau ob chav distillation) - 6 rubles
- Ntxuav - 11 rubles
- Kev txo nqi ntawm cov khoom siv - 10 rubles.
Tag nrho tus nqi: 70 + 7 + 6 + 11 + 10=104 RUB
Daim duab no yuav txawv li ntawm ± 10%, nyob ntawm tus nqi tshwj xeeb hauv cheeb tsam rau zaub mov thiab lub zog.
Pom zoo:
Tus nqi corkage txhais li cas? Tus nqi corkage hauv tsev noj mov yog dab tsi?
Yog tias koj puas tau xaj khoom noj khoom haus hauv tsev noj mov (piv txwv li, rau kev ua tshoob lossis lwm qhov kev ua koob tsheej loj), koj yuav tau hla ib yam li "tus nqi corkage". Cov lus thov yuav qhia koj tias nws yog dab tsi, nws tuaj qhov twg thiab yuav ua li cas nrog qhov tshwm sim no
Tsev noj mov ntawm NVAO Moscow: daim ntawv teev npe, kev ntaus nqi ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws, cov sijhawm qhib, sab hauv, kev pabcuam zoo, ntawv qhia zaub mov thiab kwv yees nqi
SVAO (North-Eastern Administration District) yog ib feem ntawm Lavxias teb sab peev, nyob rau hauv uas 12 cheeb tsam ntawm lub nroog yog concentrated. Hauv paus tsev kawm ntawv muaj ntau cov attractions thiab tsuas yog qhov chaw txaus nyiam mus xyuas. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj ntau qhov chaw catering. Cia peb xav ntxiv txog qhov ntsuas ntawm cov khw noj mov hauv North-East Administration District, uas nyiam cov neeg tuaj ncig xyuas thiab Muscovites lawv tus kheej
Lisbon tsev noj mov: daim ntawv teev npe, kev ntaus nqi ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws, cov sijhawm qhib, sab hauv, kev pabcuam zoo, cov ntawv qhia zaub mov thiab cov nqi kwv yees
Lisbon tsev noj mov yog qhov chaw tso cai rau koj hnov qhov saj ntawm lub hnub ci lub teb chaws thiab nws cov peev tshwj xeeb. Portugal tau dhau los ua neeg nyiam tshaj txhua xyoo nrog cov neeg uas xav siv lawv cov hnub so txawv tebchaws. Tsab ntawv xov xwm no coj los rau koj saib qhov kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm cov tsev kawm ntawv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Portuguese peev, uas koj yuav tsum tau mus xyuas yog tias koj txiav txim siab mus xyuas Iberian Peninsula
Nqaij: khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig, tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg, tus nqi lom neeg, tus nqi zog, yam ntxwv
Tib neeg tau noj nqaij txij thaum ub. Cov kws tshawb fawb anthropological ntseeg tias cov nqaij, uas nws cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig tsis muaj nuj nqis, ua lub luag haujlwm loj hauv kev loj hlob ntawm tib neeg lub hlwb
Tsev noj mov ntawm South-Western Administration District of Moscow: daim ntawv teev npe, kev ntaus nqi ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws, cov sijhawm qhib, sab hauv, kev pabcuam zoo, ntawv qhia zaub mov thiab kwv yees daim nqi
Cov qhua tsis tuaj tom khw noj mov los yog nyiam cov qe qe: koj tuaj yeem ua rau hauv tsev. Lawv yuav ib txwm xav tau ib yam dab tsi txawv txawv: ib txhia - ua surprise rau lawv tus kheej, lwm tus xav pamper lawv tus ntsuj plig khub niam txiv. Lub peev yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv cov lag luam zoo nrog haute cuisine, uas tsis yog-tsis tseem ceeb sab hauv thiab cov kev pab cuam. Tab sis yog vim li cas mus hla tag nrho lub nroog, sawv ntsug hauv cov tsheb sib tsoo, thaum koj tuaj yeem pom cov chaw tsim nyog nyob ze?
