Cov cereal twg tau los ntawm cov nplej: cov npe thiab cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig

2024 Tus sau: Isabella Gilson | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 03:27

Nplej yog ib qho ntawm cov qoob loo nrov tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Peb tsab xov xwm no mob siab rau zaj dab neeg ntawm dab tsi cereals yog ua los ntawm hom qoob mog, dab tsi lawv muaj nuj nqis rau thiab dab tsi yuav ua tau los ntawm lawv.

Semolina

Nyob rau hauv Phau Qub muaj ib qho hais txog manna los saum ntuj ceeb tsheej, uas yog suav tias yog ib qho analogue ntawm semolina. Tej zaum, tus Tswv xa zaub mov tshwj xeeb no rau cov neeg Yudais thaum lawv taug kev plaub caug xyoo tsis yog lub caij nyoog, vim tias semolina zoo kawg nkaus rov qab muaj zog thiab ua kom muaj zog.

Porridges, pies, dumplings, casseroles, meatballs, cutlets, pancakes, soufflés, mousses thiab puddings yog tsim los ntawm semolina. Nws feem ntau yog siv los ua kua zaub, kua ntses thiab gravy.

Semolina yog tsim los ntawm durum thiab mos hom nplej. Nyob rau hauv lub ntim, qhov no yog qhia los ntawm cov ntawv T thiab M. Raws li, durum nplej groats yog cim nrog tsab ntawv T, thiab cov nplej mos nrog tsab ntawv M. Qee zaum ntau yam yog tov, ces lub cim muaj ob tsab ntawv - TM.

Ua semolina ntawm cov hmoov nplej. Nws yog ib hom by-product thaum sib tsoo.nplej rau hmoov. Nplej semolina yog nplej nplej milled rau qhov loj ntawm 0.25-0.75 hli, npaj rau kev sib tsoo zoo. Cov no yog cov nplej ntawm endosperm tseem tshuav ntawm lub sieve thaum sifting hmoov.

Durum nplej semolina muaj xim daj. Cov nplej yog vitreous, nrog cov npoo ntse. Cov saj ntawm porridge los ntawm xws li semolina yog ntau saturated, nws muaj ib tug grainy qauv thiab boils phem tshaj cov nplej zom semolina.

Semolina brand M dawb, sai sai. porridge yog homogeneous thiab du.

Semolina porridge yog qhov zoo tagnrho rau kev noj zaub mov, vim nws tsuas muaj 2% fiber ntau. Nws yog absorbed zoo heev thiab pom zoo rau kev rov qab ua haujlwm tom qab, ntxiv rau, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua txhaum ntawm txoj hnyuv. Qhov no tsuas yog porridge uas tau zom thiab nqus tau hauv cov hnyuv. Semolina tshem tawm cov hnoos qeev thiab rog ntawm lub cev.

Txawm li cas los xij, zoo li txhua yam khoom lag luam, semolina tsis tsuas yog cov khoom zoo, tab sis kuj muaj qhov tsis zoo. Phosphorus muaj nyob rau hauv semolina khi calcium ntsev thiab yog li tiv thaiv lawv nqus. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov cereal no muaj gluten siab, uas txhais tau hais tias nws yog contraindicated rau cov neeg uas tsis haum rau gluten.

Nplej groats muaj calorie ntau ntau, yog li cov neeg uas ntshai qhov hnyav, pom zoo kom noj lawv tsis yog yav tsaus ntuj, tab sis thaum sawv ntxov thiab tsis yog txhua hnub, tab sis hloov nrog lwm cov tais diav.

Spelled

Nyob rau xyoo tas los no, peb lub rooj zaub movnthuav dav heev. Ntxiv rau cov tais diav uas coj los ntawm txawv teb chaws, peb tau txais lub sijhawm los sim cov khoom uas muaj nyob rau hauv kev noj haus ntawm peb cov poj koob yawm txwv nyob deb. Qhov no siv rau kev sau ntawv, uas tau hais hauv zaj dab neeg los ntawm A. S. Pushkin "Cov Dab Neeg ntawm Pov Thawj thiab nws cov neeg ua haujlwm Balda." Spelled yog ntau hom nplej nrog cov khoom tshwj xeeb. Adherents ntawm cov zaub mov noj qab nyob zoo yuav tsum suav nrog hauv lawv cov zaub mov.

Cov nplej no yog cov khoom muag muag nrog cov yeeb yaj kiab uas tsis muaj threshing. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm microbiological muaj pes tsawg leeg, spelled yog ho superior rau durum nplej. Feem ntau ntawm cov as-ham, nrog rau cov zaub protein, uas yog yuav luag 40% nyob rau hauv spelled, yog nyob rau hauv lub plhaub thiab kab mob. Ua ntej sib tsoo, cov nplej yog germinated thiab qhuav.

Cov porridge no muaj cov khoom siv ntau tshaj plaws uas cov nplej muaj txiaj ntsig zoo - cov no yog cov vitamins B (1, 2, 3, 6 thiab 9), PP, A thiab E, txog 20 amino acids, hlau, tooj liab, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, boron, vanadium, iodine, cob alt thiab manganese.

Poltava

Nyob hauv peb lub tebchaws, rov qab rau hauv lub tebchaws Soviet, cov nram qab no hom nplej groats tau tsim nyob rau hauv ntau qhov ntau: semolina, Poltava thiab Artek.

Poltavskaya yog tsim los ntawm durum under-threshed nplej. Cov nplej yog crushed rau hauv feem loj thiab nyob rau hauv daim ntawv no yog siv rau zaub mov. Poltava muaj ntau cov fiber ntau, yog li nws feem ntau ntxiv rau tsiaj pub. Hauv kev ua noj, nws yog siv los ua cereals thiab kua zaub nrog mis los yog dej.

Y Ua ntej ua noj, cov cereal yuav tsum tau ntxuav hauv dej txias, ces coj mus rau boil thiab ntws dej los ntawm.ua npuas ncauj tsim rau ntawm nws qhov chaw. Ncuav dej dua thiab coj mus rau ib lub boil, ntxiv ntsev mus saj thiab ntxiv mus ua noj tshaj tsawg cua sov, stirring Qee zaus. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los ua noj xws li porridge hauv qhov cub, qhov twg nws yuav sov li sib npaug ntawm txhua sab. Mis tuaj yeem ntxiv rau hauv dej npau npau hauv qhov sib piv ntawm 1: 1.

Artek

Ntau hom nplej nplej yog nrov heev thiab muaj ntau heev nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no zaub mov khw. Hom, lawv cov npe qee zaum zoo li coj txawv txawv, tab sis nrog kev kawm ntxaws ntawm cov lus ntawm cov lus no, txhua yam yuav pom meej thiab muaj laj thawj. Lo lus "artek" hauv kev txhais lus los ntawm Crimean Tatar txhais tau tias "qhov zoo tshaj plaws", yog li nws tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob tias qhov zoo tshaj plaws pioneer camp nyob rau hauv lub Soviet Union, nrog rau cov cereals, uas thaum xub thawj pib ua rau pioneer camps, tau txais qhov no. npe. Nws yog noteworthy tias lo lus "artos" consonant nrog "artek" yog muab los ntawm Greek lus thiab txhais tau tias "bread". Txij li thaum lub sij hawm ntawm thawj cov ntseeg, lo lus no tau nkag mus rau ib txwm lexicon ntawm lub Orthodox lub tsev teev ntuj - thaum lub sij hawm ntau hnub ntawm kev yoo mov, thaum kawg ntawm lub Liturgy, pieces ntawm artos raug faib rau cov ntseeg kom muaj zog. Qhov no yog qhob cij tshwj xeeb uas tsis yog tsuas yog ua rau koj lub zog, tab sis kuj kho txhua yam kab mob.

Tsis tas li ntawd, kuv xav hais tias tsuas yog cov hom qoob loo zoo tshaj plaws ntawm durum nplej yog siv los tsim artek grits. Ua ntej sib tsoo, cov nplej yog kiag li dawb los ntawm lub plhaub thiab kab mob. Vim li no, cov microbiological muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm artek yog qis dua ntawm Poltava, tab sis nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm saj, porridge los ntawm artek yog ho superior rau Poltava thiab.semolina.

Cov nplej ntawm artek zoo ib yam li semolina, tab sis loj me ntsis. Tsis zoo li semolina, thaum ua cov nplej rau artek, cov nplej tsis raug rau kev ua haujlwm kub. Artek porridge yog khov thiab tuab. Cov groats tau boiled zoo heev thiab nce ntau hauv ntim.

Ua ntej ua noj, artek tsis yog ntxuav, tab sis tsuas yog sifted los ntawm ib tug zoo sieve. Noj nws tshaj qis cua sov nrog tas li stirring. Cov cereal no tsis haum rau cov kua zaub, tab sis rau casseroles koj nrhiav tsis tau qhov zoo tshaj plaws muab tub lim. Artek mus zoo nrog cov nqaij thiab zaub.

Bulgur

Bulgur yog hu ua tsis yog tshwj xeeb ua cov nplej nplej, tab sis kuj yog cov tais diav los ntawm cov khoom no - cereals thiab pilaf. Tus nqi ntawm bulgur yog ntau dua li ntawm cov groats ua los ntawm crushed nplej. Qhov tseeb yog tias thaum lub sij hawm tsim cov bulgur, crushed grain yog raug rau kev kho cua sov, uas yuav pab ua kom lub txee lub neej ntawm cov khoom no.

Bulgur kuj tseem paub los ntawm phau Vajlugkub. Cov cereal no tseem yog ib qho tsis hloov pauv ntawm ntau cov tais diav ntawm yav qab teb cuisine rau ntau txhiab xyoo. Cov pob ntseg paub tab yog threshed, cov nplej yog ntxuav thiab siav kom txog thaum muag muag. Tom qab ntawd cov dej yog drained, thiab cov nplej yog nteg tawm on ci nplooj ntawv kom qhuav. Txhua zaus co lawv thiab tig lawv kom cov pwm tsis tsim. Thaum cov nplej tsaus, wrinkle thiab tawv, lawv tau moistened dua thiab raug ntaus tawm kom tawg lub plhaub. Tom qab ntawd qhuav dua. Cov nplej qhuav yog pov rau pem hauv ntej ntawm lub dav hlau ntawm kev quab yuam cua, uas yooj yim nqa muspeeling husk. Cov kernels yog li ntxuav yog sifted thiab av. Thaum sib tsoo nrog ntau hom sieves, calibration tshwm sim. Cov zis yog ob peb hom bulgur nrog ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg. Qhov loj tshaj plaws yog siv rau ua noj pilaf thiab dolma, nruab nrab yog rau zaub nyoos, khoom noj zaub thiab kua zaub, thiab qhov tsawg tshaj plaws yog rau kyufta thiab khoom qab zib.

Tarhonya

Tarhonya - nplej groats, uas yog nrov heev nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws ntawm lub qub Austro-Hungarian Empire. Nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm, cov poj niam ua nws tus kheej, tab sis tam sim no lub Hoobkas tsim tau tsim thiab cereals tuaj yeem yuav hauv khw.

YYuav ua kom tarchoni, koj xav tau cov hmoov nplej, qe, dej thiab ntsev. Ib lub khob noom khov heev yog kneaded thiab sab laug rau ib nrab ib teev kom stabilize. Tom qab ntawd, lub khob noom cookie yog rubbed los ntawm ib tug sieve thiab qhuav nyob rau hauv lub hnub los yog nyob rau hauv qhov cub. Khaws cov cereals hauv hnab linen hauv cov chav uas muaj cua qhuav qhuav. Tarhonya yog siv rau hauv cov kua zaub, cov tais diav thiab ua zaub mov ywj pheej.

Ntawm no yog ib qho ntawm cov kev cai Hungarian ua noj tarchoni. Qhuav cov rog nyob rau hauv ib lub lauj kaub frying thiab muab cov cereal rau hauv nws. Thaum nws pib tig golden, tam sim ntawd ncuav rau hauv boiling dej, ntxiv ntsev thiab koj nyiam seasonings - zaub ntsuab, txiv lws suav, qej, paprika thiab lwm yam, rau koj saj. Koj tsis tuaj yeem overcook lub cereal, txwv tsis pub nws yuav iab. Nrog dej, ib yam nkaus, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob overdo nws, txwv tsis pub lub tarconi yuav ua viscous. Sai li sai tau cov nplej soften txaus - pab. Garnish tuaj yeem yog zaub, nqaij lossis ntses.

Couscous

Couscous, likebulgur yog ob lub npe ntawm cov nplej groats thiab tais diav los ntawm nws. Hom nplej groats no tau qiv los ntawm Berber thiab Maghreb lub teb chaws cuisines.

Tam sim no, kev tsim khoom ntawm couscous tau tsim. Nyob rau hauv lub plawv ntawm cereals yog loj feem seem tom qab sib tsoo hmoov, uas yog, semolina. Semolina yog wetted, sprinkled nrog hmoov thiab hauv av kom tau cov pob loj nrog ib txoj kab uas hla mus txog 2 hli. Tom qab ntawd nws yog sifted, qhuav thiab ntim.

Kev lig kev cai, couscous yog steamed, tab sis nws yog ib qho yooj yim mus ncuav boiling dej tshaj nws, ntxiv roj thiab ntsev thiab tawm rau ob peb feeb kom o. Koj tuaj yeem noj couscous li no. Nws yog qab ntawm nws tus kheej los yog lwm txoj rau mov thiab pasta hauv cov tais diav.

Yog tias koj xav ua noj cov zaub mov hauv East African, koj tuaj yeem sim ua nws nrog lub tshuab ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua. Dej yog poured rau hauv qab ntawm nws, thiab gauze yog nteg nyob rau hauv lub grate. Nws yog tsim nyog kom cov nplej tsis poob los ntawm thiab tau txais ib tug txaus npaum li cas ntawm kub ntub chav. Cov tsoos couscous tau npaj rau lub sijhawm ntev, txog ib teev, qee zaum hauv ob kauj ruam - tom qab thawj ib nrab teev chav kho mob, nws yog me ntsis txias thiab qhuav. Yog li ntawd, couscous tau txais ib homogeneous qauv ob sab hauv thiab sab nraud. Tom qab ntawd cov nplej rov qab xa mus rau chav. Nrog rau txoj kev no, lub couscous yog crumbly, zoo-boiled thiab zoo heev nyob rau hauv ntim. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov couscous los ntawm kev sib sau ua ke, cheesecloth yuav tsum tau shaken ib ntus thaum ua noj.

Ptitim

Ptitim hu ua Turkish bulgur. Qhov no yog cereal ua los ntawm durum nplej. Ptitim tsis txawv ntau ntawm couscous nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov txheej txheem ntau lawm, tab sis muaj ib tug smoother kev ntxhib los mos.

Ptitim nrov heev hauv Ixayees. Keeb kwm ntawm cov tsos ntawm cov cereal ntawm no yog heev zoo kawg li. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, thaum cov neeg Yudais pib loj heev tawm hauv lub teb chaws ntawm Maghreb thiab populate lub tshiab tsim lub xeev ntawm cov neeg Ixayees, lawv coj nrog lawv cov tais diav ntawm lub teb chaws cuisines ntawm cov neeg ntawm Africa. Israeli Thawj Fwm Tsav Tebchaws Ben-Gurion tau teeb tsa txoj haujlwm rau cov pejxeem los tsim cov npe ntawm cov khoom lag luam hauv tebchaws uas yuav suav nrog hauv kosher zaub mov. Yog li couscous tau hloov npe hu ua ptitim thiab tau txais kev txaus siab ntawm qhov chaw nyob rau hauv cov npe ntawm cov tais diav ntawm cov neeg Yudais cuisine. Rau sab nrauv zoo ib yam li Italian risoni thiab thawj zaj dab neeg, cov neeg pib hu ua ptiim mov Ben-Gurion. Yog tias koj nug ib tus neeg Ixayees lub npe ntawm cov nplej uas muaj npe tom qab tus neeg ua nom ua tswv zoo li cas, koj yuav tau txais cov lus teb lom zem: "Ben-Gurion Rice."

Me ntsis tom qab, ptitim pib ua ntau yam me me, nrog rau dyed nrog cov khoom noj khoom haus ntuj.

Ua ntej noj mov, ptitim yog boiled nyob rau hauv dej ntsev. Nws yog haum rau sab tais diav rau nqaij, ntses thiab zaub tais. Ptitim tsis zoo li ib qho zaub mov ywj siab. Muaj ntau hom condiments thiab sauces rau ptitim.

Fricke

Tam sim no, ntau ntau hom nplej nplej tau tsim thoob plaws ntiaj teb. Cov cereal twg yog suav tias yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, twv yuav raug huNws yog tsis yooj yim sua hais - txhua tus muaj nws tus kheej cov khoom thiab microbiological muaj pes tsawg leeg. Txawm li cas los xij, freekeh yog suav tias yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws cov nplej nplej. Qee qhov chaw hu nws cov khoom noj thoob ntiaj teb ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej, txawm hais tias lub hnub nyoog ntawm cov cereal no tsawg kawg yog ntau pua xyoo. Nyob rau hauv ib lub xyoo pua 13th Baghdadi cookbook, nws tau hais nyob rau hauv ib daim ntawv qhia rau ib tug nqaij tais nrog cinnamon, cumin, coriander, thiab tail rog.

Freekeh yog tsim los ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas cov nplej uas tau mus txog kev noj zaub mov kom loj tuaj, tab sis tseem tsis tau khov. Cov nplej yog txiav, sib sau ua ke rau hauv sheaves thiab qhuav nyob rau hauv lub hnub. Cov pob ntseg qhuav raug hlawv rau ntawm hluav taws kom cov quav cab thiab lub plhaub kub hnyiab, thiab cov nplej tseem nyob twj ywm. Txij li thaum lawv tseem tsis tau paub tab thiab muaj dej ntau, lawv tsis hlawv. Cov nplej yog sau thiab threshed kom tshem tawm cov seem ntawm husks, ces nteg tawm on ci nplooj ntawv thiab qhuav dua nyob rau hauv lub hnub. Thaum lawv ncav cuag qhov xav tau kev ntxhib los mos, xim thiab saj, lawv raug crushed. Outwardly, freekeh zoo li bulgur, tab sis txawv ntawm nws ob qho tib si xim thiab saj.

Fricke muaj qhov ntsuas glycemic qis, yog li nws pom zoo rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov cereal no muaj plaub npaug ntau dua kev noj haus fiber ntau, muaj cov fiber ntau indigestible, dua li lwm cov cereal zoo sib xws. Cov cuab yeej no tso cai rau koj suav nrog freekeh hauv cov npe ntawm cov khoom uas pab ntxuav lub plab zom mov los ntawm co toxins thiab co toxins, nrog rau kev poob phaus.

Farro

Farro - Italian nplej groats. Lub npe tsis txhais tau ntau rau Russians tseem, tab sis nws paub zoo rau cov neeg nyob hauv Apennine Peninsula.

Farro - ntau yamhom qoob mog thiab lub npe ntawm cereal, nrov heev nyob rau hauv ltalis. Farro tau cog qoob loo hauv lub tebchaws no yuav luag 5,000 xyoo. Groats yog tsim los ntawm farro, uas nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm saj thiab cov neeg siv khoom zoo nyob rau hauv tsis muaj txoj kev inferior mus rau ntau hom hom qoob mog. Farro semi-tiav khoom yog boiled thiab raug rau poob siab freezing nyob rau hauv qis-kub tub yees. Ua ntej siv rau zaub mov, lawv tau thawed ntawm chav tsev kub, scalded nrog boiling dej thiab muab rau lub rooj, seasoned nrog spices los yog sauces.

Triticale

Nplej groats, uas nws lub npe suab zoo li triticale, yog amphidiploid (hybrid) ntawm nplej thiab rye. Thaum xub thawj, qhov no ntau yam tau bred raws li ib tug fodder qoob loo, txawm li cas los, yug me nyuam ua hauj lwm coj triticale mus rau perfection, tsim ib tug cereal uas surpasses nws niam nws txiv nyob rau hauv ntau yam. Yog tias koj nug koj tus kheej cov lus nug: "Los ntawm cov nplej, cov cereal twg feem ntau yuav ua tus thawj coj hauv khw noj mov?", cov lus teb yuav yog: "Tau kawg, triticale!".

Hmoov tsis zoo, triticale tseem tsis tshua muaj nyob hauv peb lub tebchaws, thiab qhov no txawm hais tias nyob rau xyoo 20s ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem, cov neeg yug tsiaj hauv tsev Meyser, Derzhavin, Pisarev thiab lwm tus tau coj tawm ntau yam zoo heev hybrids ntawm nplej thiab rye rau. zaub mov thiab zaub mov hom phiaj. Txawm hais tias muaj kev tsis txaus ntseeg thiab kev tsim khoom siab, triticale tsis tau pib hauv USSR. Tam sim no, nws tau loj hlob hauv tebchaws Poland, Belarus, Australia, Lub teb chaws Yelemees thiab Fabkis. Triticale tuaj yeem pom hauv khw muag khoom noj khoom haus. Nws muaj yuav luag tsis muaj gluten, thiab cov protein, zaub rog thiab lysine hauv nws.tseem ceeb tshaj cov nplej thiab rye.

Raws li cov cereal twg tau los ntawm triticale nplej, cov lus teb yog yooj yim heev - tib yam li cov tau los ntawm lwm yam ntawm cov cereal no. Cov khoom siv ntawm triticale groats zoo ib yam li cov nplej groats. Ua ntej noj mov, lawv yuav tsum tau muab rhaub hauv dej ntsev, thiab tom qab ntawd siv los ua cov kua zaub, sab tais diav rau nqaij los yog ntses tais diav. Triticale ua rau cov khoom noj mis nyuj qab, nqaij thiab ntshiv cereals.

Qee lub sij hawm dhau los, thaum cereal flakes tuaj rau hauv fashion, nplej cereals pib raug kev thuam undeserved. Thiab tseem koj yuav tsum tsis txhob impoverish koj noj. Peb sim qhia kom meej ntau npaum li qhov ua tau txog ntau yam kev noj qab haus huv thiab qab cov nplej nplej. Peb cia siab tias tam sim no lawv yuav coj lawv qhov chaw tsim nyog hauv koj chav ua noj.