2024 Tus sau: Isabella Gilson | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 03:27
Y Simplistically, dolma yog me me cabbage yob, thaum lub sij hawm kev npaj ntawm cov filling yog qhwv tsis nyob rau hauv cabbage nplooj, tab sis nyob rau hauv me me txiv hmab nplooj. Cov zaub mov zoo no tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj txiaj ntsig hauv Armenia thiab Georgia, qhov twg nws yog pearl ntawm lub teb chaws cuisines. Tab sis dolma tau npaj yuav luag txhua qhov chaw uas cov vaj txiv hmab loj hlob: hauv Egypt, Qaib Cov Txwv, Uzbekistan, Dagestan, Tim Nkij teb chaws, Iran thiab lwm lub tebchaws.
History
Thaum thawj daim ntawv qhia ua dolma los ntawm nplooj txiv hmab txiv ntoo tshwm, nws tsis paub meej. Ntau tus kws tshawb fawb muaj koob npe ntseeg tias cov zaub mov muaj keeb kwm Armenian. Tau ntau pua xyoo, Armenia tau nyob hauv qab tus quab ntawm Ottomans thiab Persians, tab sis tsis tsuas yog tswj hwm nws cov kab lis kev cai, tab sis kuj ua rau ib feem ntawm cov kab lis kev cai ntawm cov neeg invaders. Armenian dolma tau siv hauv paus hauv Turkish thiab Iranian cuisine, thiab tom qab ntawd kis thoob plaws hauv Central Asia thiab Caucasus, thiab tom qab cov Russians tuaj rau Caucasus, nws tau los ua ib feem ntawm Lavxias teb sab cuisine.
Ntau yam
Hnub no muaj ntau yam zaub mov txawv rau ua dolma, txawm lojfestivals uas muaj ntau yam kev hloov pauv ntawm cov tais diav. Nrog zoo li kev yooj yim, dolma nrog nws ntau yam tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom noj khoom haus ceev tshaj plaws.
- Ua ntej, txhua lub teb chaws cuisine muaj nws tus kheej subtleties ntawm kev ua noj uas cuam tshuam qhov sib txawv ntawm saj.
- Thib ob, qhov txhaws muab qhov chaw loj rau kev sim. Nws yog tsim los ntawm nqaij, dos thiab mov, tab sis kuj los ntawm ntses, nceb, cheese, crayfish thiab mussels, pob kws, taum, taub dag, txiv apples, txiv hmab txiv ntoo qhuav.
- Thib peb, ntxiv rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, fig lossis quince nplooj yog siv los ua lub plhaub.
Classic dolma: khoom xyaw
Txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau yog daim ntawv qhia classic rau ua dolma hauv tsev. Tej zaum nws yuav txawv ntawm cov ntsiab lus rau txhua tus niam tsev, tab sis cov algorithm thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm cov khoom xyaw tsis tau hloov pauv rau ntau, ntau xyoo. Txhawm rau ua kom zoo dolma, koj xav tau:
- Tableware tsim nyog.
- Vine leaf.
Dishes
Dishes ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv daim ntawv qhia dolma. Cov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws yog lub lauj kaub tuab-walled saute lauj kaub los yog lub lauj kaub tiaj tiaj-bottomed cam khwb cia hlau. Cov phab ntsa tuab muab qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias ntawm cov khoom thoob plaws hauv lub ntim, thiab nws yooj yim dua rau nteg dolma hauv cov kab ntom ntom ntawm lub tiaj tiaj. Yog tias tsis muaj cov khoom siv li no, ces nws tuaj yeem hloov tau nrog lub lauj kaub nyias nyias, lub cam khwb cia hlau duckling, thiab txawm tias lub cauldron. Muaj tseeb tiag, qhov tshwm sim yuav phem me ntsis.
Ib qho zaub mov qab heev tau txais hauv multicookers niaj hnub, vim lawv ntsib txhua tusqhov yuav tsum tau muaj: lub tais muaj lub tiaj tiaj; nyob rau hauv "Extinguishing" hom, tag nrho cov khoom yog rhuab sib npaug. Niaj hnub no koj tuaj yeem pom ntau yam zaub mov txawv rau kev ua dolma nrog daim duab hauv lub cooker qeeb.
Vine nplooj: sau thiab khaws cia
Hauv thaj chaw sov, cov nplooj txiv ntoo tau sau rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav, feem ntau yog lub Tsib Hlis, thaum cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo pib tawg, cov nplooj me me tshwm. Ntau yam zaub mov txawv rau kev ua dolma tshwj xeeb qhia tau hais tias nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv cov zaub ntsuab ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo dawb rau nws, lawv cov nplooj muab dolma ntsim qab zib thiab qaub saj, ntxiv rau, lawv muaj kev sib tw ntau dua li cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo liab.
Nws yog qhov zoo dua los sau cov nplooj ntawm qhov nruab nrab, nyob deb ntawm txoj kev thiab cov nroj tsuag kev lag luam. Nyob rau hauv Russia, lub sij hawm ntawm sau nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam: qhov chaw ntawm lub vine pib tawg nyob rau hauv lub Tsib Hlis, qhov chaw nyob rau hauv Lub rau hli ntuj, thiab qhov chaw ntawm grapes tsis loj hlob. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws tseem mus nrhiav khw-muas pickled los yog pickled txiv hmab nplooj.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws dolma, tau kawg, yog tau los ntawm cov nplooj tshiab, tab sis hauv daim ntawv no lawv tsis muaj nyob rau txhua xyoo, yog li cov niam tsev mob siab rau npaj lawv rau yav tom ntej siv raws li hauv qab no:
- Qhuav, twisted rau hauv yob, uas yog khaws cia rau hauv ib qho chaw tsaus rau hauv lub khob iav. Cov blanks zoo li qub saj ntawm nplooj, tab sis qhuav dhau sijhawm.
- Pickling thiab s alting. Cov khoom tau txais ib qho qaub-s alty tsw, tab sis nws tuaj yeem khaws cia rau hauv cov thawv rau lub sijhawm ntev, cov nplooj nyob twj ywm elastic thiab muaj zog heev.
- Nyob khov. Lub Freezer cia kuj yog ib txoj hauv kev mus sij hawm ntev, tab sis nws qhov tsis zoonyob rau hauv uas nyob rau hauv lub qis kub cov nplooj ua nkig.
Cov khoom ntim classic suav nrog plaub yam:
- Nqaij. Lamb los yog nyuj.
- zaub thiab tshuaj ntsuab. Daim ntawv qhia classic rau kev ua dolma los ntawm cov nplooj txiv hmab txiv ntoo siv cov dos thiab cov tshuaj tshiab kom saj: cilantro, dill, dos ntsuab.
- fig. Nplaim mov nrog puag ncig nplej yog qhov pom zoo. Nws boils sai sai, tuav tag nrho cov khoom xyaw ua ke nrog nws cov nplaum.
- Spices: cumin, av coriander, kua txob, tarragon, basil, nplooj nplooj, oregano, ntsev.
Cov lus qhia
Ua noj dolma pib nrog npaj cov nplooj. Lawv ntxuav, cov petioles raug tshem tawm thiab, kom elasticity, lawv dipped nyob rau hauv boiling dej rau ob peb feeb yog hais tias nplooj yog tshiab, thiab ob peb feeb yog hais tias lawv nyuaj.
Cia li coj lawv mus rau qhov khoom. Cov pob txha, leeg thiab cov yeeb yaj kiab raug tshem tawm ntawm cov nqaij. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv qhia ib txwm ua rau dolma, cov nqaij yog yeej tsis tig rau hauv ib tug nqaij grinder, tab sis finely tws nrog ib tug riam los ua tej daim me ntsis loj dua ib tug grain ntawm mov. Tom qab ntawd, ib nrab-siav mov, maj mam sautéed me me dos cubes, tws tshuaj ntsuab, ntsev thiab txuj lom yog tov rau hauv cov nqaij. Lub filling yog npaj txhij. Qee tus niam tsev muab mov thiab dos yam tsis muaj kev kho cua sov, qhov no ua rau me ntsis ua kom tag nrho lub sijhawm ua noj.
kauj ruam tom ntej yog folding dolma. Cov menyuam yaus tuaj yeem koom nrog cov txheej txheem yooj yim thiab zoo siab. Cov nplooj yog elastic, nws yog ntau qab ntxiag mus ua hauj lwm nrog lawv tshaj nrog mov paj los yog tawv cabbage. Twist ntsuabyob thiab squares yog ib qho yooj yim txawm rau ib tug pib.
Rolled blanks yog nruj nreem tso rau hauv qab ntawm lub tais: kab los ntawm kab, txheej los ntawm txheej. Tom qab ntawd ncuav dej los yog broth kom cov kua me ntsis npog cov kab kawg. Yog tias tsim nyog, ntxiv ntsev. Lub phaj hnyav yog muab tso rau saum, uas tsis pub dolma ntab thiab nthuav tawm thaum boiling.
Dolma siav rau ib teev thiab ib nrab, lub sijhawm nyob ntawm qhov ntim ntawm cov tais diav. Kev npaj dav dav yog txiav txim siab los ntawm kev npaj mov. Tom qab ntawd, tua hluav taws thiab tawm hauv lub tais kom infuse li kaum tsib feeb, thaum lub sij hawm uas yuav luag tag nrho cov kua yog absorbed rau hauv lub dolma.
Subtleties
Ib ob peb lub tswv yim los ntawm cov kws ua zaub mov paub txog yuav ua rau kev ua noj yooj yim dua:
- Cov nplooj ntsev thiab kua txob yuav tsum tau saj ua ntej, lawv yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv dej txias. Thiab txawm tias tom qab ntawd, lawv tuaj yeem nyob tau qab ntsev, yog li cov dej uas dolma nchuav yuav tsum tsis muaj ntsev tsawg, txwv tsis pub lub tais yuav deteriorate.
- Nws raug nquahu kom sib tov lub filling tsis yog nrog rab diav, tab sis nrog koj txhais tes, yog li cov khoom yuav zoo dua pauv cov saj thiab aromas rau ib leeg.
- Tsis txhob muab nplej ntau rau hauv lub filling, nws ua rau lub saj ntawm lub tais, ua rau nws insipid.
- Yuav ua kom lub saj ntawm dolma richer, ob peb hom nqaij yog tov nyob rau hauv lub filling, piv txwv li, yaj nrog nqaij nyuj los yog nqaij npuas.
- Txhawm rau ua kom cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, dej me ntsis ntxiv rau nws, tab sis nws tseem zoo dua ntxiv cov rog rog rog rog ntawm qhov sib piv ntawm 10 grams roj rau 40.grams ntawm nqaij, nws yuav ua rau dolma incredibly qab.
- Ntau tus niam tsev tsis saib xyuas txog qhov zoo ntawm cov dej siv hauv kev ua noj. Hauv vain. Cov dej tawv nrog cov tshuaj chloride tuaj yeem ua rau tsis zoo rau qhov saj ntawm cov zaub mov. Zoo dua ua noj nrog dej zoo, lub raj mis lossis dej lim zoo.
- Cov kua txob qab zib yog siav los ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab uas tseem tshuav, cov pob txha thiab cov leeg ntawm cov nqaij, nrog rau qhov uas dolma yog nchuav.
- Yuav ua li cas kom lub tais tsis hlawv, nws yog nteg tawm nrog nplooj txiv hmab txiv ntoo.
- Qhov me dua tus dolma, qhov tastier nws.
- Muaj ob peb yam zaub mov txawv rau kev ua noj dolma (nrog cov duab thiab yeeb yaj kiab), raws li qhov no, cov kws ua zaub mov ntxiv lws suav muab tshuaj txhuam los yog qaub cream rau cov tais diav nrog boiling dolma. Qhov no yog me ntsis tawm ntawm daim ntawv qhia classic, tab sis nws ua rau cov ntses nplua nuj dua.
- Pab dolma nrog tshuaj ntsuab thiab qaub cream. Armenians thiab Georgians feem ntau ua ib tug tshwj xeeb ntses rau lub tais, sib tov qej nrog lub teb chaws fermented mis nyuj khoom - matsoni. Matsoni tuaj yeem hloov yogurt, airan, kefir, kua qaub qaub, uas pheej yig dua hauv Russia.
daim ntawv qhia ua ib kauj ruam rau ua dolma
Cov khoom xyaw:
- Lamb pulp, yog tias nws tsis muaj, ces koj tuaj yeem hloov nrog nqaij npuas lossis nqaij nyuj, - 500 grams.
- Round mov - peb mus rau plaub tablespoons.
- Dos - ob lossis peb lub taub hau nruab nrab.
- zaub ntsuab ntawm dill, cilantro, dill - hauv ib pawg.
- Vine nplooj - txaus rau khoom.
- Spices, ntsev - mus saj.
- Oil raudos sautéing - 1 diav.
Ua noj:
- Muab cov nplooj tso rau hauv dej npau npau thiab tso tseg.
- Chop cov nqaij kom zoo nrog rab riam. Boil lub mov kom txog thaum al dente thiab Fry lub tws dos. Ua kom lub tais leaner, dos thiab mov tuaj yeem muab raw rau hauv qhov txhaws. Chop cov zaub ntsuab thiab sib tov tag nrho cov khoom xyaw nrog koj txhais tes, ntxiv ntsev, dej thiab txuj lom.
- Yob lub dolma mus rau hauv zoo zoo me me squares los yog yob.
- Muab nruj rau hauv lub lauj kaub los yog saucepan.
- Pho rau hauv cov dej txias los yog dej kom cov kua dej nyob saum cov kab kawg ntawm dolma.
- Nias nrog lub nra, xws li lub phaj.
- Nyob rau hauv boil, txo tshav kub thiab simmer li ib teev.
- Tom qab ntawd, nco ntsoov cia cov kua tso rau hauv dolma.
Pom zoo:
Noj cov tsev cheese pancakes hauv qhov cub: daim ntawv qhia thiab cov lus qhia ua noj. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm tsev cheese, cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev xaiv cov khoom rau cheesecakes
Syrniki nyiam los ntawm cov neeg laus thiab menyuam yaus. Qhov no yog ib qho khoom noj txom ncauj zoo, noj tshais qab thiab noj qab nyob zoo, noj hmo hearty. Tab sis qhov kev npaj ntawm xws li ib tug seemingly yooj yim tais tseem tsa ib tug ntau ntawm cov lus nug. Rau txhua tus thib ob hostess, lawv kis, lo lossis tsis tig. Dab tsi yog daim ntawv qhia rau lub zoo meej cheesecakes? Thiab yuav ua li cas xaiv tsev cheese?
Dab tsi yog calorie cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov tais diav: cov lus calorie cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov kua zaub, cov chav kawm tseem ceeb, khoom qab zib thiab khoom noj ceev
Khoom noj khoom haus kom zoo yog ua tsis tau yam tsis suav lub zog ntawm cov khoom noj. Piv txwv li, ib tug neeg laus xav tau los ntawm 2000 mus rau 3000 kcal ib hnub twg, nyob ntawm seb nws hom kev ua ub no. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob dhau qhov kev pom zoo txhua hnub ntawm 2000 kcal thiab yog li tsis nce qhov hnyav, nws raug nquahu kom paub cov ntsiab lus calorie ntawm cov zaub mov. Cov lus calorie ntawm cov kua zaub, cov chav kawm tseem ceeb, khoom noj ceev thiab khoom qab zib tau nthuav tawm hauv peb tsab xov xwm
Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo dab tsi nce hemoglobin: daim ntawv teev npe, cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm qib hemoglobin hauv cov ntshav, cov qauv ntawv qhia zaub mov thiab cov kws kho mob cov lus qhia
Hemoglobin yog cov organic hlau uas muaj protein ntau. Nws yog nyob rau saum npoo ntawm cov qe ntshav liab - erythrocytes. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm hemoglobin yog muab tag nrho cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub cev nrog oxygen. Yog li, thaum qib ntawm cov protein uas muaj hlau hauv cov ntshav qis, cov kws kho mob hais txog hypoxia. Oxygen starvation ua rau kev loj hlob ntawm kev txaus ntshai. Hauv qhov no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ntsuas ntawm thawj cov cim qhia ntawm hypoxia
Qhov twg noj tshais hauv St. Petersburg: daim ntawv teev cov khw noj mov thiab tsev noj mov, kev ntaus nqi sab saum toj, cov ntawv qhia zaub mov, cov lus qhia thiab kev ua kom yuam kev
Qhov twg noj tshais hauv St. Petersburg? Qhov tseeb, muaj ntau qhov chaw nyob rau hauv cov kab lis kev cai peev ntawm Russia uas koj tuaj yeem pib hnub nrog noj tshais qab uas npaj los ntawm cov kws ua zaub mov zoo tshaj plaws hauv nroog. Xav txog hauv qab no cov npe ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom noj khoom haus zoo tshaj plaws uas tsim nyog tuaj xyuas thaum sawv ntxov
Calorie suav noj zaub mov: Kev tshuaj xyuas, kev xaiv noj zaub mov, Lub hom phiaj, Cov Haujlwm, Cov Ntawv Qhia Txhua Lub Limtiam, Cov Lus Qhia, Contraindications, Cov Lus Qhia thiab Cov txiaj ntsig
Muaj ntau cov zaub mov thiab txoj hauv kev kom poob phaus. Hmoov tsis zoo, feem ntau ntawm lawv tso cai rau koj poob phaus ntxiv ntawm tus nqi siab: ua rau koj noj qab haus huv. Txoj kev nyab xeeb tshaj plaws thiab zoo tshaj plaws yog kev suav cov calories noj