2024 Tus sau: Isabella Gilson | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 03:27
Fermentation lossis fermentation yog txheej txheem tseem ceeb hauv kev npaj cov dej haus uas nrov tshaj plaws (hauv tsev lossis hauv chaw tsim khoom - nws tsis muaj teeb meem). Thaum lub sij hawm fermentation ntawm npias, cov suab thaj uas nyob rau hauv qhov loj yog hloov los ntawm cov kab mob mus rau hauv cawv, nrog rau cov pa roj carbon dioxide thiab lwm yam khoom uas muaj nyob rau hauv cov khoom kawg nyob rau hauv me me koob tshuaj. Yog li ntawd, txhua tus homebrewers yuav tsum paub yuav ua li cas cov txheej txheem no ua haujlwm. Peb tsab xov xwm niaj hnub no yuav qhia txog nws. Peb vam tias cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb!
Beer poov xab - lawv yog leej twg?
Npias fermentation yog muab los ntawm brewer's poov xab. Qee yam ntawm lawv tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ntawm qhov kub qis (0-15 degrees Celsius), nyob hauv qab ntawm lub tank. Lawv hu ua cag los yog camp.
Lwm yam tseem ceeb, laus dua thiab nrov dua hauvrau centuries nyob teb chaws Europe - ale los yog caij. Cov kab mob no "ua haujlwm" hauv tshav kub (npias fermentation kub yog 15-27 degrees Celsius). Thiab nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem lawv "hang tawm" nyob rau hauv lub Upper txheej ntawm wort. Tab sis thaum kawg ntawm cov txheej txheem, lawv kuj poob rau hauv qab ntawm lub tank, thiab qhov kev siv fermentation poob qis heev.
Yuav ua li cas cov poov xab
Cov no yog, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov kab mob uas muaj sia nyob, yog li ntawd, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo saib xyuas lawv, tsis txhob raug rau: kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, hloov chaw nyob, nce siab, cov ntsiab lus ethyl. Tseeb tiag, nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej tsis zoo, lawv tuaj yeem ua rau qeeb ntawm fermentation ntawm npias, txawm tias tuag. Cov poov xab feem ntau yog "fermented" ua ntej ntawm lub sijhawm, yog lipib ua nws txoj haujlwm ncaj qha sai dua, nrog rau txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev kis kab mob.
Yog li ntawd, cov kws tshaj lij pom zoo tias cov neeg pib ua lag luam npias ib nrab teev ua ntej qhia cov kab mob mus rau hauv wort, nqa ib lub taub ntim tshuaj tua kab mob, ncuav ib nrab khob dej (kua, kub hauv peb caug degrees), ntxiv me ntsis suab thaj thiab ncuav. cov poov xab qhuav. Tom qab ntawd sib tov maj mam, tab sis tsis txhob co, thiab npog nrog phuam da dej.
Qhia cov kab mob rau hauv wort
Thaum lub wort tau npaj txhij rau kev qhia txog cov kab mob nyob ntawd, koj yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas qhov kub thiab txias dua. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los qhia cov poov xab hauv cov khoom siv kom lawv xav tias zoo meej. Tom qab ntawd, ua tib zoo, tsis ntau, sib tov tag nrho cov khoom hauv lub thawv.
txhawm rau txhawm rau pib npias fermentation, qhov ntsuas kub ntawm tag nrho cov huab hwm coj thaum qhia cov kab mobKev caij tsheb yuav tsum yog 23-27 degrees (qhov koob tshuaj ntawm cov khoom, raws li txoj cai, tau qhia ntawm lub ntim los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom thiab txawv ntawm 10 grams ib 20 litres ntawm npias). Thiab thaum siv cov hauv paus hniav, nws yog nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam ntawm 17-23, maj mam txo mus rau 9-15 (siv 20-50 grams ib 20 litres).
Cov txheej txheem ntxiv
- Tom qab ntawd peb kaw cov tais diav kom nruj, txhim kho lub foob dej, nchuav cov kua rau hauv nws mus txog ib nrab (dej boil nrog ntxiv cov tshuaj tua kab mob). Peb tso cov tais diav rau ntawm lub platform tsa kom nws yooj yim dua rau ncuav cov khoom kawg rau hauv lub raj mis lossis kegs.
- Peb saib xyuas tias thaum lub sijhawm fermentation, qhov kub thiab txias tsis hloov ntau. Koj yuav tsum tsis txhob sib tov, co, cuam tshuam lub wort.
- Qhov pib ntawm fermentation sib txawv - los ntawm ob teev mus rau ib hnub, nws nyob ntawm qhov kub thiab txias ntawm qhov yuav tsum tau, ntawm cov xwm txheej thiab kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov kab mob. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws - 20 degrees, txij li thaum qhov kub thiab txias, cov txheej txheem pib qeeb qeeb thiab ncav cuag ob mus rau peb lub lis piam. Thiab ntawm 25, piv txwv li, thawj fermentation ntawm npias yuav ua tau sai heev, li ntawm peb mus rau tsib hnub (ces cov dej haus yuav muaj ib tug undesirable aroma, thiab nws yuav ua pos huab, vim hais tias cov poov xab nyob rau hauv ib tug ncua kev kawm ntawv txoj hauj lwm. ntev), thiab ces npias mus ntev yuav ci.
Thaum kawg ntawm cov txheej txheem, tsis muaj npuas dej ntxiv rau ntawm qhov chaw, thiab cov dej haus tsis qab zib. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov kab mob nyob rau hauv qab ntawm lub thawv, thiab lub npias yog qhia meej. Yog npias nplawm nplawm tasfwj, cov poov xab sediment yog tsim, uas muab cov dej haus ib qho undesirable (hu ua mash) saj, thiab yog hais tias lub raj mis qhib, cov microorganisms rushing, co cov dej haus. Tab sis tsis tas yuav ncua kev hloov pauv, vim tias yuav tsis muaj cov poov xab txaus hauv "crystal" npias, thiab thaum lub sij hawm carbonization (secondary fermentation), lwm hom kab mob pib noj cov suab thaj ntxiv.
Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij phooj ywg sawv daws
Tib neeg niaj hnub paub ntau txoj hauv kev los ua dej npau npau. Ib tug ntawm lawv yog sab saum toj fermentation. Nws yog tsim los siv cov poov xab tsim nyog (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). Cov txheej txheem no yog qub dua nyob rau hauv kev sib piv nrog cov pej xeem hauv paus. Qhov no yog txuam nrog ib tug heev lig invention ntawm lub tub yees. Thiab kom txog rau thaum lub sijhawm ntawd, tsuas yog qee qhov txwv ntawm breweries muaj cov xwm txheej rau "txias", uas yog, hauv qab-fermentation ntawm cov dej haus. Yog li ntawd, raws li kev xav ntawm brewing historians, sab saum toj fermentation ntawm kub txog li 24 degrees Celsius yog predominant rau lub sij hawm ntev, piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv nruab nrab hnub nyoog thiab ntau tom qab. Nws yog tus yam ntxwv uas sab saum toj poov xab tsis faib rau ib lub sij hawm ntev tom qab budding thiab tsim branched colonies. Cov npuas ntawm carbon dioxide tsim rau ntawm lawv, thawb tsub zuj zuj ntawm microorganisms nce. Li no lwm lub npe - ascending fermentation. Thaum caij tsheb, cov cawv ntau dua thiab cov esters yog tsim los ntawm ntau qhov ntau, thiab qhov no tsis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov tsw thiab saj ntawm cov khoom kawg.
Yuav ua li cas ntau yam tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi rau kev caij tshebfermentation? Ua ntej tshaj plaws, cov no yog Askiv ale, Belgian lambic, German altbier thiab nplej npias. Tam sim no kev txaus siab rau kev tsim cov npias zoo li no hauv ntiaj teb tau loj hlob zuj zus, uas cuam tshuam nrog kev nce hauv cov naj npawb thiab muaj peev xwm ntawm cov khoom siv tes ua microbreweries.
B qab fermented beer
Lwm txoj kev tsim khoom siv cov poov xab saccharomyces pastorianus thiab hu ua hauv qab fermentation. Nws yog qhov niaj hnub tshaj plaws, thoob plaws txhua qhov chaw hauv kev sib piv nrog rau sab saum toj. Thiab cov dej haus uas tau npaj hauv txoj kev no tuaj yeem khaws cia rau lub sijhawm ntev yam tsis muaj pasteurization (los ntawm txoj kev, npias sab saum toj-fermented yog khaws cia rau ob peb lub hlis). Qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev kis kab mob ntawm cov wort kuj raug txo, txij li cov txheej txheem nws tus kheej tshwm sim ntawm qhov kub qis dua (kwv yees li 10 degrees).
Qhov txawv ntawm hauv qab fermentation: nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem, qhov siab tshaj plaws concentration ntawm cov kab mob nyob rau hauv qab ntawm lub tank (sab saum toj fermentation yog yus muaj los ntawm tsub zuj zuj ntawm poov nyob rau hauv sab saum toj ntawm wort). Tom qab ua cov carbohydrates, cov hauv paus poov xab kuj precipitates (ib txhia ntawm lawv tuag, thiab ib txhia poob rau hauv hibernation). Grassroots beer hu ua lager.
Nyob puag ncig
Secondary fermentation ntawm npias yog suav tias yog qhov tsim nyog heev los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij, vim tias vim yog lub ntsiab fermentation, nrog rau ethyl, ntau cov khoom lag luam raug tsim tawm uas tsim kev puas tsuaj rau tib neeg. Thiab lawv tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov saj thiab tsw ntawm cov dej qab zib. Thaum lub sij hawm thib ob fermentation, ib co qab zib ntxiv (carbonization), cov kab mob kis tau, thiab muaj teeb meem.cov khoom raug hloov pauv, tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev saj. Cov txheej txheem no muaj nyob rau hauv lub maturation ntawm cov khoom kawg, lub ntsiab tej yam kev mob rau nws yog preservation ntawm poov tshuaj ua si.
Pom zoo:
Yuav ua li cas ua noj beets nyob rau hauv ib lub hnab nyob rau hauv lub microwave: lub sij hawm ua noj, cov lus qhia muaj txiaj ntsig
Yog tias koj muaj microwave thiab xav tau noj beetroot, nws yog ib daim ncuav mog qab zib. Thiab ntawm no yog yuav ua li cas, ntev npaum li cas ua noj zaub, yuav ua li cas ua noj nws siv cov txheej txheem zoo sib xws, peb tam sim no yuav qhia rau koj hauv kab lus no
Yuav ua li cas distill moonshine lub sij hawm thib ob: kauj ruam yog kauj ruam cov lus qhia thiab cov lus qhia muaj txiaj ntsig
Muab ob npaug rau ntawm lub hli ci hauv tsev, nrog rau kev siv kom raug, yuav ua tiav cov saj zoo heev thiab txo qis hangover raws li kev noj haus. Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm koj yuav nrhiav tau ib tug ncauj lus kom ntxaws piav qhia txog cov theem ntawm distillation thib ob, nrog rau cov lus qhia thiab zaub mov txawv rau tinctures raws li moonshine
Thaum kub npaum li cas rau ci biscuit: nta ntawm ci biscuits, hom khob noom cookie, kub sib txawv, lub sij hawm ci thiab confectioners 'cov lus qhia
Cov ncuav mog qab zib xuas tes ua yuav dai txhua lub rooj. Tab sis nws cov yam ntxwv saj nyob ntawm qhov kev npaj ntawm lub hauv paus. Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no peb yuav qhia rau koj ntawm qhov kub thiab txias rau ci biscuit ntawm cov khoom siv sib txawv, hom twg nws yog. Kuj xav txog qhov yuam kev tseem ceeb hauv kev ua noj
Biscuit ci kub: nta ntawm biscuit ci, hom khob noom cookie, kub sib txawv, ci lub sij hawm thiab confectioners 'cov lus qhia
Peb leej twg tsis nyiam cov ncuav qab zib thiab ncuav qab zib, uas yog qhov qab ntxiag thiab ua tau zoo los tuav txhua qhov kev ntxhov siab thiab teeb meem! Thiab dab tsi hostess yuav tsis xav ci qhov txuj ci tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua noj ua haus ntawm kev ua koob tsheej tshwj xeeb hauv tsev neeg - lub ncuav mog qab zib crumbly thiab lub teeb ci hauv tsev. Sim ua noj biscuit zoo kawg nkaus hauv tsev, ntau tus poj niam tau ntsib nrog qhov tseeb tias nws tsis yog ib txwm ua kom zoo heev
Sib tov rau cupcakes: hom cupcakes, muaj pes tsawg leeg, cov lus qhia rau kev siv, calories, ci lub sij hawm thiab kub
Qee lub sij hawm koj xav ua kom txaus siab rau koj tus kheej thiab cov neeg koj hlub nrog ib yam dab tsi qab, tab sis tsis muaj sij hawm txaus thiab lub zog rau kev kawm ntev nrog kev sim. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, ntau yam ci txhuam tuaj rau kev cawm, uas twb muaj tag nrho cov khoom xyaw tsim nyog. Lawv tso cai rau koj kom muaj lub sijhawm zoo nrog lub khob tshuaj yej lossis kas fes nrog crumbly homemade pastries nyob rau hauv koj txhais tes yam tsis mob siab rau lub sijhawm ntev los ua haujlwm nrog lub khob noom cookie