Russian pej xeem tais diav: npe, keeb kwm, duab
Russian pej xeem tais diav: npe, keeb kwm, duab
Anonim

Peb cov zaub mov suav tias yog ib qho txaus siab tshaj plaws, qab thiab nplua nuj nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb. Cov poj koob yawm txwv paub ntau txog zaub mov thiab nyiam lub rooj zoo. Lawv sib sau ua ke rau nws tsib los rau rau zaus ib hnub. Txhua yam nyob ntawm lub sijhawm ntawm lub xyoo, qhov ntev ntawm nruab hnub nrig thiab kev xav tau nyiaj txiag. Thiab nws tau hu ua - interception, tav su khoom noj txom ncauj, noj su, paobed, noj hmo thiab pauzhin. Interestingly, qhov kev lig kev cai no tau dawb ceev mus txog rau thaum lub abolition ntawm serfdom. Nrog rau kev tshwm sim ntawm peev nyiaj txiag, cov zaub mov txhua hnub raug txo thawj zaug rau peb zaug, thiab tom qab ntawd mus rau ob.

Lavxias teb sab zaub mov
Lavxias teb sab zaub mov

Cov khoom xyaw tseem ceeb ntawm Lavxias teb sab cuisine

Lavxias teb sab zaub mov yeej ib txwm muaj ntau haiv neeg. Cov zaub mov ntawm cov poj koob yawm txwv muaj cereals, thiab nqaij, thiab ntses, thiab zaub, thiab nceb, thiab berries, thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Lawv kuj paub yuav ua li cas ua butter. Los ntawm txoj kev, flaxseed roj tsis tau noj. Nws tau siv los ua lub hauv paus rau cov xim. Cov roj tsw qab los ntawm cedar thiab hazel tau nrov heev, thiab cov khoom noj tau flavored nrog hemp, mustard, los yog poppy noob. Feem ntau, cov roj zaub hauv cov zaub mov tsis tau nyob hauv qhov chaw loj li tam sim no. Tab sis cov hmoov nplej sib txawv thiabhom.

Lavxias teb sab pej xeem zaub mov npe
Lavxias teb sab pej xeem zaub mov npe

Historic change

Tom qab kev coj noj coj ua ntawm Orthodoxy, Lavxias pej xeem cov tais diav tau ua ntau yam. Tsis xav li. Yog txwv tsis pub nqaij, mis nyuj, qe, ntses thiab zaub roj ntau tshaj li ib nrab hnub ntawm lub xyoo, koj yuav tsum muaj tswv yim.

Tom qab kev yoo mov ntev, cov neeg Lavxias tau zoo siab rau kev noj mov me me, vim lawv tau yug tsiaj txhu ntau, thiab thaj chaw yos hav zoov tau ua rau muaj tsiaj nyob - hares, pheasants, partridges, ducks, capercaillie, hazel grouse, dub grouse.. Lawv tua dais, mos lwj, elks, boar qus. Kev nkag mus rau thaj av tau hloov kho ntau yam ntawm Lavxias teb sab pej xeem cov tais diav thiab nthuav peb cov zaub mov zoo heev. Ntau yam tshiab tau qhia rau hauv kev noj zaub mov ntawm cov neeg sib tw los ntawm tsar-reformer - Peter 1. Nws pib cov kev lig kev cai ntawm kev ua butter los ntawm qab zib thiab qaub cream, raws li kev cai hauv Holland. Nws muaj kev taw qhia txog cov qoob loo tshiab rau hauv kev cog qoob loo thiab kev txwv tsis pub cog qoob loo ntawm amaranth, uas tam sim no hu ua amaranth.

Lavxias teb sab pej xeem daim ntawv qhia
Lavxias teb sab pej xeem daim ntawv qhia

Txoj kev ntawm lub neej nyob rau hauv Russia tau rov kho dua, cov tsoos Lavxias teb sab cov tais diav kuj hloov. Cov keeb kwm ntawm lub teb chaws nrog ntau yam kev coj noj coj ua niaj hnub tau piav qhia zoo nkauj nyob rau hauv cov ntawv sau ntawm Lavxias keeb kwm yav dhau los los ntawm Mikhail Ivanovich Pylyaev, Vladimir Alekseevich Gilyarovskiy, Nikolai Ivanovich Kostomarov, Ariadna Vladimirovna Tyrkova-Williams.

Ntawm Lavxias teb sab zaub mov

Kev lig kev cai tau hloov pauv, tab sis qee qhov kev nyiam tau ua rau qhov kev sim ntawm lub sijhawm. Lavxias teb sab tais diav xws li zaub qhwv, pancakes,borscht, porridge, kulebyaka, ncuav qab zib, jelly, okroshka, kvass, sbiten, mead, thiab lwm yam. Ntses, nceb, cereals yog cov feem ntau siav zaub mov.

Lavxias teb sab pej xeem tais diav photo
Lavxias teb sab pej xeem tais diav photo

Kev haus luam yeeb peb cov yawg koob tsis paub. Nws tuaj rau Russia thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th. Nqaij thiab ntses tau boiled, ci, stewed, s alted, fermented, qhuav los yog noj nyoos, nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm stroganina. Sturgeon, sterlet, beluga tsis yog kev noj haus ntawm cov neeg nplua nuj ib leeg. Cov kua ntses qab tshaj plaws, aspics los yog pies ua los ntawm cov ntses loj kuj tau noj los ntawm cov neeg zoo tib yam. Pancakes nrog dub caviar, pies nrog hare, stellate sturgeon jelly, porridge nrog melted cream ua npuas ncauj - cov no yog tag nrho cov tsoos Lavxias teb sab pej xeem tais diav. Cov npe nyob deb ntawm qhov tseeb. Cov ntaub ntawv me me dhau los tau muaj sia nyob rau hnub no. Ntau lossis tsawg dua cov pov thawj hnub rov qab mus rau xyoo pua 9.

Schi thiab Russian qhov cub

Schi yog ib qho khoom noj thoob ntiaj teb uas paub zoo rau cov neeg tuaj xyuas cov khw noj mov Lavxias txawv teb chaws. Qhov tseeb ntawm lo lus no txawm los ua ib yam kev lom zem. Hauv German, piv txwv li, ntau li 8 tsab ntawv raug siv los xaiv cov ntawv ua ke "shchi". Ntawm no, 7 yog consonants. Sim ua kom paub hais lus ua ke ntawm xya tus lej thiab ib tus vowel tom kawg ob peb zaug.

Lavxias teb sab cuisine tais diav
Lavxias teb sab cuisine tais diav

Schi tuaj yeem ua rau hauv zaub, nceb, nqaij, ntses ntses. Sour cabbage kua zaub yog siav los ntawm sauerkraut los yog brine los ntawm lwm yam zaub. Lavxias teb sab pej xeem cuisine tsis raug cov tais diav rau kev kho cua sov stepwise. Yog hais tias cabbage kua zaub, borsch, porridge, thiab lwm yam tau siav, ces tsis muaj cov khoom rau lawv tau kib nyias, raws li kev cai tam sim no. Los yogboiled los yog ci. Siav hauv ib lub qhov cub loj. Lub tais tsis tuaj rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog qhib hluav taws. Nws zoo nkaus li languishing ntawm qhov tsis tu ncua lossis maj mam txo qhov kub ntawm txhua sab, thiab tsis yog los ntawm hauv qab. Qhov no muab cov khoom noj tshwj xeeb saj, qauv thiab kev ntxhib los mos. Cov zaub mov tsis tau coj mus rau boil. Lwm qhov ntsuas tseem ceeb dua - ua ntej qhob cij, uas yog, kub heev, tom qab qhob cij - uas yog, ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Cov zaub mov siav tau ntev. Txhua lub kua zaub los yog porridge uas tau muab tso rau hauv qhov cub kub rau ob peb teev tau txais qhov saj zoo kawg nkaus, thiab cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig tau khaws cia ntau ntxiv thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm.

Lavxias teb sab pej xeem tais diav
Lavxias teb sab pej xeem tais diav

Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom rov tsim dua cov saj uas txawv neeg Lavxias teb sab tais diav ntawm hluav taws xob lossis roj qhov cub. Lawv cov npe yog nyob rau hauv phau ntawv qub - cov no yog kalya, tyurya, zatiruha, nais, kurnik, kulaga, m alt, logaza, zhur, mess, tumbler, gamula, vole, krupennik, oatmeal, thiab lwm yam.

Tolokno

Oatmeal yog cov hmoov nplej tshwj xeeb uas ua los ntawm oats lossis barley uas tuaj yeem siv tau ntau yam tais diav. Cov nplej ntxuav los ntawm cov tawv husk yog steamed, qhuav, calcined thiab hauv av rau hauv hmoov. Oatmeal hmoov yog poured nrog mis nyuj kub, dej, broth, decoction ntawm berries, zaub los yog txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Nws tsis tsim gluten, tab sis swells thiab thickens zoo heev. Ua noj los yog boiling oatmeal yog tsis tsim nyog. Cov hmoov nplej no muaj ntau cov lecithin, uas yog rhuav tshem ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Oatmeal qee zaum thickened nrog cabbage kua zaub thiab Kalya. Oatmeal porridgelard tau suav nrog hauv cov zaub mov ntawm cov tub rog cov ntawv qhia zaub mov. Oatmeal tau tov nrog berries thiab muab tso rau hauv qhov cub rau ob peb teev. Cov berries tau muab kua txiv, soaked nyob rau hauv hmoov thiab ci. Nws tau los ua ib qho khoom qab zib uas tau noj nrog zib ntab.

Lavxias teb sab pej xeem tais diav
Lavxias teb sab pej xeem tais diav

Kalya

Nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus niaj hnub no, calla yog cov kua zaub ntses, ntau qhov tseeb, hodgepodge. Txawm li cas los, lub qub kalya tau ua nyob rau hauv brine los ntawm sauerkraut los yog dib. Nws raug tso cai ntxiv kvass rau brine. Cov ntses tau muab los ntawm hom sturgeon, nrog caviar. Feem ntau npaj rau ib qho caviar dub. Kalya tau txawv los ntawm cov nplua nuj broth nrog ntsim saj. Nyob rau lwm lub sijhawm, nws tau ua los ntawm ducks, grouse dub lossis quails. Siav nyob rau hauv qhov cub rau ob peb teev, nws tig tawm mus rau incredibly tsw, thiab cov pob txha ntawm qhov kev ua si twb boiled mus rau ib tug mos mos lub xeev. Cov tshuaj tsw qab xws li dill, cumin, horseradish, mustard, thiab lwm yam tau loj hlob nyob rau hauv cov zaub vaj, Peb cov poj koob yawm txwv siv tshuaj tsw qab, tab sis dhau sij hawm, ntau yam secrets tau poob rau hauv oblivion, raws li cov txuj lom coj los ntawm East Asia tau coj qhov chaw ntawm domestic. tshuaj ntsuab.

Lavxias teb sab pej xeem tais diav keeb kwm
Lavxias teb sab pej xeem tais diav keeb kwm

Tam sim no, kalju tuaj yeem ua los ntawm cov ntses ntses lossis halibut thiab cod roe. Pickle yog tsim los ntawm lub thoob dib, zaub qhwv, txiv ntseej, txiv tsawb lossis lwm yam txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas nws tsis muaj vinegar thiab preservatives.

Kurnik

Nov yog ib qho qub festive Russian pej xeem tais. Daim ntawv qhia muaj poov xab los yog unleavened mov paj. Yav dhau los, me me pies tau ua, uas tau ntim nrog porridge, nceb, ntses, zaub thiab ua ke rau hauv ib lub ncuav loj. Nyob rau hauv Russia qhov cubci zoo heev, nws tig tawm muaj kua thiab lush. Tsis muaj ib lub tshoob ua tiav tsis muaj qaib. Nws kuj tau siv los kwv yees yav tom ntej. Nyob ntawm seb leej twg tau txais dab tsi sau, txhais tau ua.

Lavxias teb sab pej xeem tais diav keeb kwm
Lavxias teb sab pej xeem tais diav keeb kwm

Okroshka

Okroshka tau npaj tsuas yog nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov. Nws yog ib lub tais txias zoo li kua zaub. Nws yog raws li kvass thiab finely tws tshiab zaub. Niaj hnub no okroshka tsis yog tsuas yog nyob rau hauv kvass, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv kefir. Ntxiv nrog rau cucumbers, ntsuab dos, radishes, qe, boiled nqaij yog muab tso rau hauv nws, seasoned nrog qaub cream thiab flavored nrog ntau zaub zaub ntsuab - dill, parsley, thiab lwm yam.

Lavxias teb sab zaub mov
Lavxias teb sab zaub mov

Nyob zoo

Tseem muaj zib mu ntau hauv peb lub tebchaws. Nws tau exported nyob rau hauv loj qhov ntau. Ua ntej lub advent ntawm qab zib, zaub mov tsuas yog sweetened nrog zib mu. Lawv siav berries nrog nws rau lub caij ntuj no, ua dej qab zib. Zib ntab tsis raug kev kho cua sov, vim lawv paub txog cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov khoom no. Cov dej haus los ntawm nws tau ua kom sov lossis txias.

Dej tau boiled nyob rau hauv ib lub samovar thiab tshuaj ntsuab tau infused nyob rau hauv nws. Xws li decoctions tau siv txhua qhov chaw. Linden paj, chamomile, Ivan-tshuaj yej, viburnum, raspberries, strawberries thiab lwm yam nroj tsuag tau sau thiab qhuav nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov. Kev tawg ntawm zib mu raws li cov zaub mov qub tau rov qab rau hauv vogue.

Lavxias teb sab pej xeem zaub mov npe
Lavxias teb sab pej xeem zaub mov npe

Cov neeg txawv teb chaws tau sau tseg tias cov tais diav txias zoo heev hauv Russia - jelly thiab jelly. Lawv tau siav los ntawm cov ntses sturgeon. Nyob rau lub caij ntuj no, cov nqaij noj tau ua los ntawm cov npua suckling thiab nqaij qaib. Nqaij nyuj rau zaub movlawv xyaum tsis siv, txij li lub ntiaj teb tau plows rau ntawm cov nyuj, thiab nyuj muab mis nyuj. Nqaij npuas kuj tsis nyiam heev. Qaib thiab ducks nteg qe. Tus neeg xa khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov nqaij yog hav zoov. Kev ua si yog cov nqaij tseem ceeb thaum lub sij hawm tsis yoo mov. Jellies thiab jellies tau seasoned nrog cov kua ntses ntawm horseradish, mustard, vinegar thiab ntsev.

Lavxias teb sab pej xeem tais diav photo
Lavxias teb sab pej xeem tais diav photo

Ntses

Sturgeons raug coj los ntawm Hiav Txwv Dawb thaum lub caij ntuj no ntawm sledges mus rau central Russia. Lub caviar ntawm cov ntses no tsis yog ib qho delicacy. Cov neeg pluag thiab cov nplua nuj tau noj ntau heev. Hauv cov thoob loj nws tau coj mus txawv tebchaws. Cov caviar tshiab tau noj nrog vinegar thiab ntsev.

Smelt tau ci kom txog thaum crispy nyob rau hauv qhov cub thiab muab rau tib lub tais. Nws tau ci kom cov pob txha thiab fins ua mos thiab pom tsis tau.

Sturgeon vyaziga tau siv los ua cov ntim rau pies. Cov vyaziga tau muab tshem tawm, ntxuav thiab qhuav. Raws li xav tau, lawv soaked nws, txiav nws thiab, sib tov nrog porridge, ua pies. Rybniki, los yog ntses pies, tau ua los ntawm cov ntses nyoos.

Lavxias teb sab cuisine tais diav
Lavxias teb sab cuisine tais diav

Ukha los ntawm sterlet, stellate sturgeon, sturgeon los yog beluga tau ua rau ntawm cov kua zaub. Ua ntej, lawv tau rhaub me me ntses dej, uas tsis tau ntxuav, thiab tom qab ua noj lawv tau muab pov tseg. Cov kua zaub no, los yog yushka, ua lub hauv paus rau cov kua zaub muaj koob muaj npe.

Lavxias teb sab tais diav tsis tau npaj los ntawm kev tua, tau los ntawm cov poj niam. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tsiaj nyob uas noj carrion, uas yog, crayfish, tsis haum rau zaub mov.

Tom qab Peter the Great txoj kev hloov kho thiab qhov tshwm sim ntawm "qhov rais mus rau Tebchaws Europe", cawv thiab qab zib tau pib xa mus rau Russia. Ib txoj kev lag luam tau muab tso rau hauv lub tebchaws los ntawm Tuam Tshoj thiab Is Nrias tebmus rau Tebchaws Europe. Yog li peb tau tshuaj yej, kas fes, txuj lom, thiab lwm yam.

Nrog rau lawv tuaj cov kab lig kev cai tshiab, tab sis Lavxias teb sab tais diav, cov duab uas tau nthuav tawm hauv tsab xov xwm, tseem nyiam thiab xav tau. Yog tias koj ua noj rau hauv qhov cub lossis lub cooker qeeb, lawv yuav zoo li qhov tseeb.

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