Cov khoom siv tseem ceeb rau kev ua noj hauv tsev

2024 Tus sau: Isabella Gilson | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 03:27

Craft brewing raws li qhov tshwm sim tshwm sim hauv Asmeskas thaum nruab nrab xyoo pua. Qhov no yog vim muaj kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam me thiab kev ua lag luam. Cov breweries me tsis tuaj yeem sib tw nrog cov players loj hauv kev ua lag luam raws li qhov ntim thiab tus nqi ntawm cov khoom. Tab sis lawv cov npias tau xav tau, vim nws tau brewed tsis yog raws li daim ntawv qhia classic, tab sis kuj siv cov khoom xyaw txawv txawv.

Hnub no, qhov tshwm sim no tau nrov hauv peb lub tebchaws. Txhua lub nroog muaj nws tus kheej mini-breweries uas tsim cov dej haus cawv. Rau qee tus neeg, brewing tsis tau dhau los ua ib txoj hauv kev kom tau nyiaj. Nws yog qhov kev nyiam tshaj plaws uas muab rau txhua tus phooj ywg thiab cov neeg hlub nrog npias m alt qab.

Khoom siv tes ua brewing yog qhov teeb meem cais. Txhua lub lag luam, txawm tias nws tsis yog tsom rau kev ua kom tau nyiaj, yuav tsum muaj qee yam kev txhaj tshuaj nyiaj txiag. Yuav pib uahaus dej haus cawv, koj yuav tsum tau yuav cov khoom siv rau brewing hauv tsev. Nws yog muag, thiab tus neeg yuav khoom muaj ntau yam kev xaiv rau tus nqi thiab kev ua haujlwm. Yog li cas koj yuav tsum brew?

Homemade vs khw yuav

Vim li cas brew m alt haus tom tsev? Tseeb, muaj ntau yam npias ntawm kev muag khoom - cua ntsawj ntshab, cov kaus poom, lub raj mis, tsaus thiab lub teeb, thiab txawm tias muaj ntau yam tsw. Ntawm tag nrho cov ntau yam, koj tuaj yeem nrhiav tau ob qho tib si ntawm cov khoom tsis zoo, thiab zoo nkauj heev hauv saj. Txawm li cas los xij, craft npias muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm nta uas ua rau nws sib tw nrog industrial-scale cawv:

1. Tsawg ntau lawm. Vim li no, koj tuaj yeem sim ua cov khoom lag luam nrog cov saj sib txawv. Txawm hais tias cov neeg ua si loj xav ua kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov neeg siv khoom nruab nrab, lawv cov dej haus yuav tsum tsis txhob xav ntau dhau.
2. Ua kom feem ntau ntawm koj cov khoom siv hauv tsev. Koj tuaj yeem siv ntau hom kev ua noj, sib txawv ntawm kev pom thiab fermentation. Cov saj ntawm cov dej haus hloov nrog kev hloov technology. Cov tuam txhab loj ua haujlwm ntawm cov thev naus laus zis pov thawj.
3. Cov breweries me tsis yog tsom rau kev txiav cov nqi. Lawv tuaj yeem them taus yuav cov khoom siv raw zoo tshaj plaws thiab lwm yam khoom kim heev. Tus nqi ntawm cov dej haus yog siab, tab sis cov khoom me me tau sib cais sai heev. Tsis tas li ntawd, yog tias koj ua noj rau koj tus kheej, ces tus nqi ntawm cov khoom yuav dhau losthib ob yam.
4. cov zaub mov tshiab. Craft npias feem ntau yog brewed raws li thawj cov zaub mov uas siv cov khoom xyaw uas tsis yog ib txwm siv. Cov neeg ua si loj yog inert ntau dua ntawm qhov teeb meem no.

Yog li, khoom siv tes ua npias qhia txog kev ywj pheej ntawm kev nthuav tawm ntawm brewer. Nws tsis raug rau ntau lub rooj sib txoos ntawm kev tsim khoom loj thiab tuaj yeem tsim raws li nws nyiam.

Cov khoom xyaw

Ua ntej koj yuav khoom siv rau tsev brewing, koj yuav tsum nrhiav cov khoom zoo rau kev tsim cov dej haus. Kev lig kev cai, npias yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom xyaw hauv qab no:

1. Dej. Qee tus neeg tsim khoom siv dej kais dej. Nrog cov ntim loj, qhov no yog qhov ncaj ncees, txawm tias nws cuam tshuam rau saj ntawm cov dej haus. Tab sis nyob rau hauv kev tsim khoom hauv tsev, nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv cov fwj mos los yog lim dej.
2. M alt. Cov no yog cereals. M alt muab faib los ntawm hom, zoo, qib ntawm roasting. Nws yuav tsum tau qhuav, nrog ib tug high degree ntawm extract thiab protein cov ntsiab lus. Tsis tas li ntawd, brewers raug coj los ntawm tus lej Kolbach, uas qhia tias muaj protein ntau npaum li cas yuav yaj hauv dej thaum rhuab. M alt tuaj yeem yuav los ntawm Lavxias thiab txawv teb chaws. Cov tom kawg muaj qhov khoom kawg siab dua thiab saj zoo dua.
3. Hoob. Cov no yog qhuav hop cones. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj los yuav los ntawm cov neeg xa khoom txawv teb chaws.
4. Yeast. Cov qib tshwj xeeb ntawm brewer cov poov xab uas ferment tag nrho cov khoom xyaw.
5. Cov khoom xyaw ntxiv - cov roj tseem ceeb ntawm hops, cereals, starch, qab zib, pob kws phoov, dextrose. Tsis yogYuav tsum tau, tab sis feem ntau siv los ua kom cov txheej txheem fermentation thiab txhim kho tsw.

Craft npias feem ntau siv cov khoom xyaw uas tsis yog ib txwm siv - txiv hmab txiv ntoo, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, zib ntab, txuj lom thiab ntau ntxiv. Lawv muab cov dej haus ib txwm saj.

Tab sis lub hauv paus ntawm txhua hom npias tseem zoo ib yam - nws yog m alt, hops, poov xab thiab dej.

ua noj ua haus technology

Thaum cov khoom siv npias hauv tsev muaj, lub tshuab nws tus kheej tsis zoo li nyuaj heev. Tag nrho cov txheej txheem muaj ntau theem:

1. Nyob zoo. Raw m alt yog crushed rau hauv me me feem thiab muab tso rau hauv dej kub rau ib pliag. Cov txheej txheem soaking cais cov suab thaj thiab lwm yam extractives.
2. Kev lim. Lub wort yog lim kom tshem tawm cov khoom ntom ntom.
3. npias npias. Cov txheej txheem yuav siv li ob teev. Hops ntxiv rau theem no. Ib zaug nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm kev ua noj kom muab cov dej haus ib tug yam ntxwv bitterness. Thib ob thaum kawg - rau qhov tsw qab ntxiag.
4. Kev lim dej ntawm hydrocyclone. Nyob rau theem no, npias tau qhia meej, ua kom pob tshab, tsis muaj huab cua.
5. Kev fermentation. Cov kua yog txias rau qhov kev txwv tsis pub thiab brewer cov poov xab ntxiv. Lub wort yog fermented rau ob peb hnub, ces ncuav rau hauv ntim tshwj xeeb rau infusion.
6. Cov khoom tiav yog ib zaug dhau los ntawm lub lim thiab ua kom sov (pasteurization) kom ntev lub txee lub neej. Qee cov npias (ales) tsis rhuab. Lawv hais kom ntev, ntev lawv sawv, lubricher saj.

Ntau theem xav tau cov cuab yeej sib txawv rau kev ua noj hauv tsev. Nws yog ntawm kev muag khoom dawb. Koj tuaj yeem yuav ob qho tag nrho-fledged mini-Factory, thiab ib qho khoom siv cais. Qee lub sij hawm amateur brewers tau txais los ntawm kev nqis peev tsawg.

Brewing npias hauv tsev yam tsis tau nqis peev ntxiv

Koj tuaj yeem ua koj tus kheej cov cuab yeej ua khoom noj hauv tsev. Ua li no, nws tsis yog yuav tsum tau mus yuav fermentation tso tsheb hlau luam thiab ua noj ua haus tso tsheb hlau luam nrog tsis siv neeg hom chaw. Txhua yam koj xav tau yog:

1. Muaj peev xwm loj rau brewing. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws, qhov no yuav tsum yog lub lauj kaub lossis lub tank nrog lub faucet hauv qab. Txawm hais tias lub caij kawg tuaj yeem muab faib nrog.
2. Fermentation tank - txhua lub tank ntawm qhov loj me.
3. ntsuas kub. Kev tswj qhov kub thiab txias.
4. Gauze tuab txaus lim.
5. Containers rau fwj dej tiav - yas thiab iav fwj.
6. Silicon hose. Txhawm rau kom cov dej haus tsis cuam tshuam rau cov av nkos hauv qab.
7. Chiller. Wort txias ntaus ntawv. Nws tuaj yeem hloov tau nrog lub tais ntawm cov dej khov khov.

Cov khoom xyaw muaj raws li hauv qab no:

• lim dej - 32 l;
• zoo qhuav barley m alt - 5 kg;
• hops - 45g;
• brewer's poov xab - 25 g;
• granulated qab zib - 9 g ib liter dej, tag nrho 288 g.

txheej txheem nws tus kheej zoo li no:

1. Ncuav 25 liv dej rau hauv lub lauj kaub ua noj, kub txog 80 ⁰С. Muab tso rau hauv lub thawvcrushed m alt nyob rau hauv ib lub hnab gauze. Khaws 1.5-2 teev ntawm qhov kub thiab txias ntawm 65-70 ⁰С.
2. Kub cov kua rau 80 ⁰С, tuav 5-6 feeb. Tshem tawm cov m alt.
3. Yaug cov m alt hauv cov dej seem kom ntxuav tawm tag nrho cov suab thaj thiab cov khoom tawm. Ntxiv dej rau lub tank.
4. Nyob rau hauv boil. Faib cov hops rau hauv peb qhov sib npaug. Ntxiv thawj zaug thaum pib ua noj, tom qab tshem tawm cov npuas dej, qhov thib ob - tom qab 50 feeb, qhov thib peb - tom qab lwm 10-15 feeb. Tag nrho, npias yog brewed li ib teev thiab ib nrab.
5. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog kom txias cov ntaub ntawv raw sai heev. Cov txheej txheem nrawm dua mus, qhov tsawg dua qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev kis kab mob ntawm cov m alt nrog cov tsiaj qus ntawm cov poov xab. Ua li no, lub thawv ntim tau muab tso rau hauv lub phiab lossis da dej khov thiab nchuav ob peb zaug los ntawm cov ntaub qhwv rau hauv lwm lub tank.
6. Ntxiv cov dej qab zib thiab cov poov xab rau hauv lub nkoj fermentation. Nruab ib lub foob dej thiab tawm mus rau ferment rau 7-10 hnub.
7. Kev npaj khoom tuaj yeem txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov tsis muaj npuas hauv 24 teev dhau los.
8. Carbonization. Nws yog ua kom cov yam ntxwv npuas thiab npuas tshwm nyob rau hauv npias. Ua li no, 8 grams qab zib ntxiv rau ntxuav lub fwj pasteurized rau txhua liter ntawm kua.
9. Muab cov dej haus nrog lub nqaim silicone hose rau hauv lub raj mis nrog qab zib thiab cork. Secondary fermentation yuav pib, ua rau carbon dioxide tsim nyob rau hauv npias.
10. Txhawm rau ua tiav qhov saj zoo meej, npias nchuav rau hauv ntim yog ntxuav hauv qhov chaw tsaus rau ob peb lub lis piam. Koj yuav tsum khaws cia ntawm qhov kub ntawm 22 ⁰С.

Yog li ua koj tus kheej cov khoom siv brewing yog ib qho yooj yim. Txawm li cas los xij, txhua txoj haujlwm yuav tsum tau uantawm nws tus kheej, siv cov khoom siv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Thiab qhov kev ua tau zoo yuav tsis siab dhau.

Kev xaiv khoom siv tau

Txhua yam khoom siv rau me me tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob pawg:

1. Amateur. Tsawg zog, muaj peev xwm thiab kev ua haujlwm. Tsim los rau ob peb brews ib hlis nkaus xwb rau koj tus kheej siv.
2. Mini-Factory. Brewing cov cuab yeej tsim kom tsawg kawg yog 100 litres ib hnub twg thiab ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua. Muaj kev xaiv xaiv rau 100, 200, 300, 500 liters ib hnub twg. Cov cuab yeej siv no tsis tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv tsev, vim nws xav tau ntau qhov chaw dawb.

khoom tsawg kawg

Yog tias koj tsis xav thab nrog lub lauj kaub thiab lub tais dej khov, koj tuaj yeem yuav cov khoom lag luam uas tsis muaj peev xwm thiab muaj peev xwm. Yog li koj tuaj yeem brew 40-50 litres ntawm cov khoom siv tes ua npias zoo ib zaug, thiab tom qab 2-3 lub lis piam ntawm steeping, koj yuav tau txais ib qho dej haus zoo heev rau koj tus kheej noj. Cov cuab yeej yam tsawg kawg nkaus rau tsev brewing yog:

• Kettle rau wort boiling me me ntim - 50 litres.
• pair ntawm fermentation tank nruab nrog cov dej foob.
• Mill - rau crushing m alt.
• Chiller - kom txias lub wort.

Lub wort kettle yeej yog tib lub lauj kaub loj. Tab sis nrog ib tug faucet nyob rau hauv qab thiab ib tug tuab hauv qab rau txawm cua sov. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws muab tam sim ntawdfiltration system. Raws li txoj cai, qhov no yog cov hlau mesh rau kev sib cais ntawm cov feem loj thiab me me.

Accessories

Ib lub lauj kaub tsis txaus brew wort. Koj yuav tsum yuav tag nrho lwm yam khoom siv ntxiv. Txhua tus ua haujlwm tseem ceeb heev, thiab tsis muaj cov khoom siv no, tus brewer yuav muaj teeb meem ntau dua.

Ib m alt zeb nrog kov yog ib qho cuab yeej siv tau zoo. Nyias thiab qhuav barley tsis yooj yim rau grind. Lub zeb tiv nrog txoj haujlwm no sai. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tuaj yeem hloov kho dua tshiab - ntxiv tus kov zoo li cov nqaij grinder, lossis txuas ib lub laum los kho cov txheej txheem.

Lub tshuab chiller kuj ua rau tus neeg ua haujlwm brewer yooj yim dua. Txias lub tank loj nrog 50 litres ntawm npias yog lwm qhov kev sib tw. Nws tsis yooj yim txawm tias tsuas yog nqa nws, muab lub thawv nws tus kheej hnyav 8-10 kg. Thiab nws yuav tsum tau rub mus rau hauv da dej lossis lub phiab nrog dej khov thiab txo qis kom txhua yam txias sai sai.

Lub chiller ua rau cov txheej txheem no ntau zaus yooj yim dua. Txhua yam koj yuav tsum tau ua yog tso ib lub yeeb nkab rau hauv lub vat thiab tos. Tag nrho cov txheej txheem yuav siv sijhawm 20-25 feeb.

Lub tank fermentation kuj yog ib qho tseem ceeb. Lawv muaj nyob rau hauv ntau qhov sib txawv, tab sis nws yog qhov zoo dua los noj 30 litres. Feem ntau cov hnab ntawm brewer cov poov xab yog tsim los rau cov kua ntim no, uas yooj yim heev.

Price

Khoom siv rau brewing nyob rau hauv qhov tsawg kawg nkaus configuration yuav raug nqi 25-30 txhiab rubles. Kwv yees li 40-50% ntawm cov nyiaj no yuav yog tus nqi ntawm cov brew kettle. Tus so yog qhov yooj yim ntxivkhoom siv.

khoom siv tshaj lij

Qee brewers xav kom automate ntau li ntau tau. Thiab yog tias nyiaj txiag tso cai, lawv yuav mini-breweries.

Cov khoom siv no rau tsev brewing muaj qhov sib txawv me ntsis, muaj peev xwm loj dua thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo. Yog, thiab nws tsuas yog hu ua "tsev" raws li kev cai, vim nws tsis tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv tsev. Txhawm rau nruab nws, koj xav tau yam tsawg kawg ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb dav lossis lwm qhov chaw tsim khoom.

Txoj kev zoo

Minibreweries tau hloov kho wort kettles. Lawv muaj built-in heaters, thermostats thiab twj tso kua mis. Tag nrho cov no yog nrog los ntawm ib lub tshuab hluav taws xob built-in uas tuaj yeem saib xyuas txhua theem ntawm kev tsim khoom. Lub brewer tsuas yog yuav tsum thauj cov khoom siv raw thiab xaiv cov ntawv qhia xav tau.

Ntxiv mus, cov cuab yeej siv yuav ua haujlwm raws li qhov haujlwm tau muab. Nws tsuas yog ceeb toom rau tus brewer txog qhov kawg ntawm ib theem. Kev muaj tswv yim pub dawb tseem nyob ntawm ntau tus neeg, uas yog, kev txhim kho cov zaub mov qub.

Price

Cov cuab yeej tshaj lij rau brewing hauv tsev yuav raug nqi 80-100 txhiab rubles. Tsis siv neeg brewery nws tus kheej rau 50-70 litres yog 70 txhiab rubles. Lwm 10 txhiab rubles. yuav tsum siv lub tub yees siv rau wort. Tus nqi yog impressive, tab sis nrog xws li ntim thiab automation ntawm tus txheej txheem, koj muaj peev xwm brew ib intoxicating haus tsis tau tsuas yog rau koj tus kheej, tab sis kuj rau ib tug me me khoom siv tes ua bar.

khoom sivrau brewing 300 litres yuav raug nqi ntau dua. Tab sis nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no peb tab tom tham txog ib tug loj scale ntawm ntau lawm. Thiab yog hais tias ib tug neeg ua xws li kev nqis peev, ces tsuas yog rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev muag khoom tom ntej ntawm cov khoom siv tes ua npias kom tau nyiaj.

Kuv puas yuav tau yuav lub tub yees ntxiv rau fermentation

Yog tias koj ua dej haus m alt muag, ces lub tub yees, txawm tias siv, yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los khaws cov npias npaj ntawm qhov kub thiab txias hauv qhov tsaus ntuj, uas yog qhov tsis muaj tseeb uas yuav tsum tau ua hauv tsev nrog ntau qhov ntau lawm. Yog li cov khoom siv no yuav tsum tau muab rau.

Brewing npias hauv tsev yog qhov kev txiav txim siab. Qhov no yog tib txoj hauv kev kom tau txais 100% cov khoom ntuj tsim nrog cov saj qub. Thiab tsis yog rau lawv tus kheej xwb, tab sis kuj rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev muag.