Hom thiab npe ntawm cov khoom qab zib (cov npe)

2024 Tus sau: Isabella Gilson | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-02 16:20

Rau cov neeg feem coob, khoom qab zib yog ib qho khoom qab zib nyiam uas tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog txaus siab rau nws saj, tab sis kuj txhawb siab thiab ntxiv zog. Cov khoom qab zib ntawm ntau hom tau npaj rau ntau pua xyoo, thiab lub npe ntawm cov khoom qab zib (cov npe uas tau nthuav tawm hauv tsab xov xwm) tau hloov pauv ntau lub sijhawm no.

Zaj lus no yuav qhia rau koj paub tias hom khoom qab zib twg yog tsim los ntawm cov tuam txhab khoom qab zib niaj hnub no, lawv txawv li cas thiab lawv hu ua dab tsi.

Thaum twg lawv tshwm sim?

khoom qab zib, cov khoom qab zib uas peb nyiam tshaj plaws, tau nyiam nyob hauv ntau lub teb chaws txij thaum ub. Yog li cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb ntawm Ancient tim lyiv teb chaws tsim khoom qab zib los ntawm zib mu, txiv qaub balm, toffee cag, cane thiab hnub, thiab cov neeg Loos thaum ub - los ntawm boiled poppy noob, txiv ntseej, zib mu thiab noob hnav. Nyob rau hauv Russia, lawv nyiam ib tug delicacy ua los ntawm maple phoov, zib mu thiab molasses.

Candies, outwardly zoo ib yam li niaj hnub sawv daws, pib tsim xwb nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 16th nyob rau hauv ltalis. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias nws tau tsimindustrial zus tau tej cov suab thaj, tsis muaj uas nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom ua cov khoom qab zib. Thaum xub thawj, nws tau ntseeg tias qhov no yog cov tshuaj muaj zog heev, thiab nws tsuas yog muag hauv khw muag tshuaj xwb. Sij hawm dhau mus, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo candied hauv qab zib, lawv tau txais cov npe ntawm cov khoom qab zib, tsis raug suav hais tias yog tshuaj, tab sis dhau los ua cov khoom qab zib nrov.

Qhov no yog dab tsi?

Lo lus "khoom qab zib" tuaj rau Lavxias teb sab los ntawm Italian, qhov twg confetto txhais tau tias "pill, khoom qab zib". Thaum pib, nws tau siv los ntawm Italian kws muag tshuaj rau npe cov khoom qab zib ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo - candied txiv hmab txiv ntoo, muag ua tshuaj. Lub plural daim ntawv "khoom qab zib" tshwm sim me ntsis tom qab nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 19th, thaum Italian carnivals tau nrov, nyob rau hauv uas cov neeg koom cuam cuam confetti ntawm ib leeg - fake plaster candies.

Hnub no, khoom qab zib txhais tau tias qab zib cov khoom qab zib ntawm ntau yam duab, tsos, saj thiab qauv.

Yuav ua li cas?

Cov khoom qab zib niaj hnub no loj heev uas cov khoom qab zib tau tuaj nrog ntau yam kev faib tawm. Peb kuj txaus siab rau yam khoom qab zib uas peb tuaj yeem yuav hauv lub khw, cov npe uas yuav txawv me ntsis los ntawm cov tuam txhab sib txawv. Nrov tshaj plaws thiab xav tau los ntawm cov neeg yuav khoom Lavxias:

• Nyob zoo Karamel. Muaj cov txiv laum huab xeeb thiab qab zib.
• Lollipops. Ib qho yooj yim confections ua, ua los ntawm boiling molasses, qab zib los yog pob kws phoov. Lub resulting muaj pes tsawg leeg yog flavored thiab poured rau hauvcov ntawv tshwj xeeb. Cov npe khoom qab zib hauv qab no.

- caramel lozenges;

- lollipops;

- daim ntawv qhwv lollipops;

- lollipops - Monpasier;

- licorice lossis qab ntsev;

- cov khoom qab zib elongated lossis oblong. Cov npe thiab cov duab ntawm xws li "miv" thiab "sticks" yog nthuav tawm hauv qab no.

• Iris, feem ntau hu ua toffees. Lub npe no tau tsim los ntawm Fab Kis tus kws tshaj lij Morna, uas ua haujlwm hauv St. Petersburg thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, thaum nws pom qhov zoo sib xws ntawm cov khoom qab zib nrog iris paj petals. Lawv yog tsim los ntawm condensed mis nyuj, butter thiab qab zib thiab muaj vitamin B _{12tsim nyog rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev. "Tuzik", "Kis-Kis", "Golden Key", "Coj nyuj" - cov no yog tag nrho cov npe ntawm cov khoom qab zib nyob rau hauv Soviet lub sij hawm. Daim ntawv teev cov toffees ces, raws li koj tau pom, yog me me.}
• Chocolates.



Nyob ntawm qhov ntim, cov hauv qab no yog qhov txawv:

- soufflé, piv txwv li, "Bird's Milk", uas kuj tseem hu ua "Wonderful Bird", "Bogorodskaya Bird", "Zimolyubka" thiab lwm yam;

- roasted, tau los ntawm crushed ceev uas muaj suab thaj, txiv hmab txiv ntoo los yog zib mu syrup. Cov no yog cov khoom qab zib xws li "Rillage hauv chocolate", "Rillage fairy taleas", "Strawberry ci" thiab lwm yam;

- pralines - khoom qab zib chocolate khoom qab zib nrog cov txiv ntoo hauv av nrog qab zib thiab cocoa tov nrog cognac lossis lwm yam flavoring: "Bud", "Babaevsky", "Shokonatka","Juliet";

- cov khoom qab zib liqueur muaj nyob rau hauv cov dej cawv los yog qab zib syrup nrog cognac: "Cream liqueur", "Liab hauv chocolate", "Blue velvet";

- hauv cov khoom qab zib nrog jelly ntim hauv qab txheej ntawm chocolate muaj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tuab lossis txiv hmab txiv ntoo jelly: "Lel", "Southern Night", "Lebedushka", "Zaliv" thiab lwm yam;

- "Fudge" lossis khoom qab zib nrog fondant sau tau los ntawm mis nyuj, molasses, qab zib, qab zib, txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab lwm yam khoom xyaw: "Mia", "Rakhat", "Spanish Night" thiab lwm yam;

- truffles - cov neeg tseem ceeb puag ncig-zoo li chocolate khoom qab zib ntim nrog ib qho tshwj xeeb Fabkis txoj qab zib - ganache. Nws yog tsim los ntawm butter, qab zib, chocolate thiab ntau yam flavorings. Sab nrauv tuaj yeem coated nrog crushed los yog hauv av ceev, wafer crumbs los yog cocoa hmoov.

Chocolate Stories

Ntxhais los ntawm ntau tus, cov khoom qab zib chocolate tau tshwm sim ua tsaug rau tus kws tshaj lij navigator - Hernando Cortes, uas nrhiav pom lub tebchaws Asmeskas. Nws yog nws thiab nws cov koom tes uas coj taum cocoa mus rau Tebchaws Europe thiab qhia cov neeg European rau chocolate. Tus mlom Benzoni tau pab txhawb rau qhov tseeb tias chocolates pib noj tsis tu ncua los tswj kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tus huab tais Spanish, thiab tom qab nws nws cov neeg saib xyuas. Tom qab ntawd, kev zam rau chocolates kis mus rau lwm lub tebchaws, uas cov neeg muaj peev xwm siv lawv los ua tshuaj. Txog thaum xyoo pua 17th, tsuas yog Spanish confectioners ua chocolate thiab khoom qab zib los ntawm nws, thiab xa khoom qab zib rau ntau lub tsev hais plaub. Sij hawm dhau mus, cov lus zais ntawm kev ua cov khoom qab zib chocolate tau paub rau lwm lub tebchaws, tab sis ua ntejThaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 17th lawv tsuas yog ua los ntawm tes.

Cov khoom qab zib zoo li cas hauv tebchaws Russia?

thawj lub Hoobkas ua khoom qab zib rau kev tsim cov qhob noom xim kasfes tau qhib rau thaum xaus ntawm lub xyoo pua 17th los ntawm Fabkis cov khoom qab zib David Shelley. Txog rau thaum xyoo pua 19th, Russia tsis muaj nws tus kheej cov khoom qab zib, thiab cov khoom qab zib tau coj los ntawm txawv teb chaws, los yog npaj los ntawm cov kws ua zaub mov tshwj xeeb hauv chav ua noj hauv tsev ntawm cov neeg nplua nuj. Thawj lub tuam txhab Lavxias teb sab confectionery tau qhib nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg nkaus xwb nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th.

khoom qab zib hu ua ua ntej?

Raws li twb tau hais lawm, kom txog rau thaum xyoo 19th, cov khoom qab zib tau raug coj los rau hauv peb lub teb chaws los ntawm txawv teb chaws, lossis ua hauv tsev hauv vaj tse thiab vaj tsev ntawm cov nom tswv. Rau cov khoom qab zib ua hauv tsev, cov npe piav qhia tau muab rau hauv tus account cov duab, txoj kev npaj, loj, txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo siv. Phau ntawv "The New Perfect Russian Confectioner, or a Detail Confectionery Dictionary", luam tawm nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg, muaj xws li funny npe rau peb li khoom qab zib xws li Strawberry ncuav mog qab zib thiab ntsuab Apricots nyob rau hauv Caramel, Jasmine Candies thiab Anise Qab Zib Khoom Noj, Cherry Marzipans thiab Apricots hauv lollipops.

npe lag luam

Kev qhib thawj lub tuam txhab Lavxias teb sab confectionery coj mus rau qhov tseeb tias twb nyob rau thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, ntau ntau yam khoom qab zib tau tshwm sim. Thaum xub thawj, Fabkis cov zaub mov txawv thiab cov npe ntawm cov khoom qab zib tau yeej, cov npe uas tsis ntev:

• Baton de Gralier;
• Finchampagne;
• Crème de risienne;
• "Boulle de Gome";
• Crème de Noison;
• "Maron Praline" thiab lwm tus.

Lub sijhawm dhau los, Fabkis lub npe ntawm chocolates pib muab txhais ua lus Lavxias, thiab "Creamy Venus", "Cat's Tongue", "Girl's Skin", "Salon" tau tshwm sim ntawm kev muag khoom, dai kom zoo nkauj raws li lus Lavxias. Txawm li cas los xij, qee zaum, cov npe khoom qab zib ob hom lus kuj tau siv, piv txwv li, "Studded nrog pearls, lossis Coriandor Perle". Lavxias teb sab confectioners hu ua cov khoom qab zib tshiab lawv tsim lawv tus kheej hauv Lavxias teb sab thiab feem ntau siv cov npe txuam nrog cov duab ntawm kev sib deev ncaj ncees: "Sophie", "Marianna", "Zoo siab poj ntsuam", "Rybachka", "Marsala". Kev kawm series kuj tau tsim, piv txwv li, "The Riddle". Ib qho yooj yim riddle tau muab tso rau ntawm lub wrapper ntawm xws li khoom qab zib. Ua ntej qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm xyoo 1917, chocolate series "Kev Ua Si", "Geographical Atlas", "Cov Neeg Siberia" thiab lwm tus tau tsim.

Soviet khoom qab zib

Txog thaum Lub Kaum Hli Ntuj xyoo 1917, koj tuaj yeem yuav Tsarskaya Raspberry lossis Tsar Fyodor Mikhailovich caramel. Tom qab nws, cov npe ntawm cov khoom qab zib hloov pauv loj heev. Caramels "Krestyanskaya" thiab "Krasnoarmeyskaya", "Roj thiab Sickle" thiab "Peb Kev Lag Luam" tau tshwm sim ntawm kev muag khoom.

Txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau cov chocolates khaws lawv cov npe Fabkis: Dernier Cree, Miniature, Chartreuse, Bergamot, Pepperment thiab lwm yam. Cov npe nruab nrab xws li "Squirrels", "Tomboys" thiab "Bunnies" tsis tau txais kev xav rov xav dua. Cov npe ntawm Soviet cov khoom qab zib tshiab tau cuam tshuam txog tam sim nocov xwm txheej thiab kev ua tiav. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv lub 30s ntawm lub xeem caug xyoo, cov nram qab no tau tsim: "Sib ntaus sib tua rau cov cuab yeej", "Nyob rau hauv", "Sabantuy", "Milkmaid", "Chelyuskintsy", "Heroes ntawm lub Arctic", "Tus yeej ntawm cov dej khov"..

Tus txiv neej lub conquest ntawm qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub 60s ntawm lub xyoo pua XX tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub tsos ntawm lub Cosmic thiab Cosmos qab zib.

Tam sim no, nws tau nrov los qhia cov npe ntawm zaj dab neeg thiab cov ntawv sau rau hauv cov npe ntawm chocolates: "Snow Maiden", "La Bayadere", "Blue Bird", "Sadko", "Little Red Riding Hood" thiab lwm tus.