Cov zaub mov qub qub nrog cov lus piav qhia txog kev ua noj ua haus

2024 Tus sau: Isabella Gilson | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 03:27

Hnub no, ntau thiab ntau zaus, ntau tus neeg ua raws li lub tswv yim ntawm kev noj zaub mov kom raug tuaj rau kev txiav txim siab tso tseg kev siv cov khob cij ua lag luam. Hauv kev mob siab rau khaws lawv tus kheej kev noj qab haus huv thiab ntawm lawv tsev neeg, cov poj niam hauv tsev tau koom nrog kev ci ci hauv tsev raws li cov zaub mov qub. Kev ua tau zoo qhia tau hais tias qhov no yog qhov ua tau zoo tsis yog nyob hauv ib lub tsev ntiag tug nrog lub qhov cub Lavxias tiag tiag, tab sis kuj tseem nyob hauv chav tsev niaj hnub hauv nroog.

Nws paub tias mov ci thiab ntsev tau ntev los ua lub cim uas nrog txhua yam tseem ceeb - ob qho tib si zoo siab thiab tu siab - cov xwm txheej uas tshwm sim hauv lub neej ntawm cov neeg Lavxias. Peb cov pog koob yawg koob tau ua siab dawb ntseeg rau lawv txoj kev dawb huv uas tsis muaj kev hloov pauv. Tus poj niam lub tsev nyob ib zaug tau txiav txim siab los ntawm nws lub peev xwm los ci qhob cij. Raws li cov kws tshaj lij, ci qhob cij tiag tiag raws li daim ntawv qhia qub txhais tau tias tsis yog tsuas yog muab koj tus kheej thiab koj tsev neeg nrog ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg cov khoom noj txhua hnub. Nws kuj txhais tau tias tshaj tawm lub neej ntawm ib tus kheej lub tswv yim, txawv ntawm qhov uas tau txais hauv zej zog, tshwj xeeb style ntawm lub neej, kev ywj pheej los ntawmcov lus pom zoo thiab kev txwv txwv los ntawm cov txheej txheem technogenic. Txhua txhua hnub, ci qhob cij raws li daim ntawv qhia qub, peb ua kom peb lub cev muaj zog, thiab peb lub siab ntshiab, cov kws tshaj lij hais. Thiab qhov no txhais tau tias, tsis zoo li niaj hnub tiam sis, peb tsim peb tus kheej lub neej tag nrho nrog peb txhais tes. Yuav ua li cas ci qhob cij raws li ib daim ntawv qhia qub nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes? Wb tham txog nws hauv peb tsab xov xwm.

Ib qhob cij ci hauv Russia li cas? Me ntsis keeb kwm

Raws li cov peev txheej thaum ub, cov txheej txheem rau ci ncuav tau ntev heev. Raws li txoj cai, thaum yav tsaus ntuj, ua ntej hnub poob, tus poj niam, uas yog tus neeg paub ntau tshaj hauv tsev, pib npaj cov ncuav qab zib (cov thoob uas cov khoom qab zib tau ua rau cov ncuav). Lub sourdough tsis tshua tau ntxuav, vim nws tau ua haujlwm tas li. Nws yog rubbed nrog ntsev, yav tas los tov nrog sourdough, sau nrog dej (sov) thiab muab tso rau hauv nws ib tug me me daim ntawm mov paj tshuav nyob rau hauv lub xeem ci. Tom qab ntawd cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo tau ua tib zoo nplawm nrog ntoo spatula (whorl), ib me ntsis dej sov ntxiv, thiab hmoov nplej, sifted los ntawm ib tug sieve los yog sieve, yog poured los ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb dugout los yog plank trough.

Tom qab ntawd lub khob noom cookie tau nplawm kom txog thaum cov kua qaub tuab tuab. Kvashnya tau muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw sov thiab npog nrog ib daim ntaub huv si. Hnub tom qab lub khob noom cookie tau nce siab thaum sawv ntxov. Tam sim no tus hostess pib knead nws. Txoj haujlwm no tau ua haujlwm hnyav heev, yuav tsum muaj kev txawj ntse. Lub khob noom cookie tau kneaded kom txog thaum nws pib lag tom qab ob txhais tes thiab cov phab ntsa ntawm kneader. Tom qab ntawd, nws rov muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw sov. Thaum nws sawv zaum ob, lub khob noom cookie tau kneaded dua thiab pib txiav rau hauv loaves, uas tau tso cai sawv ntsug, tom qab uas lawv raug xa mus rau lub qhov cub. Yav dhau los, qhov cub tau zoo rhuab, tshauv thiab coals tau swept los ntawm nws lub hearth nrog ib tug broom. Ua tsaug rau cov cua sov zoo nyob rau hauv lub qhov cub Lavxias, lub khob cij ci zoo heev. Nws qhov kev npaj tau raug txiav txim raws li hauv qab no: lub yob tau muab tshem tawm ntawm qhov cub, nws raug coj mus rau sab laug tes thiab rub los ntawm hauv qab. Thaum lub khob cij npaj txhij, nws nrov zoo li tambourine.

Tseem paub tias tus poj niam uas muaj peev xwm ua khob cij zoo tau nyob ib puag ncig los ntawm kev hwm tshwj xeeb hauv tsev neeg. Tus tswv tsev, uas tau paub zoo txog kev ci ci, muaj qee yam txaus siab rau - tom qab tag nrho, cov neeg nyob ib puag ncig nws suav tias yog ib tus neeg nyob hauv tsev. Cov hauj lwm ntawm ib tug neeg ua mov ci nyob rau hauv Russia tau ntev tau kho nrog kev hwm zoo. Bakers hauv monasteries tshwj xeeb tshaj yog txawj.

Ntau cov zaub mov qub rau ci ci tau muaj sia nyob rau hnub no. Peb xav kom koj paub koj tus kheej nrog qee yam ntawm lawv tom qab hauv kab lus.

Ib daim ntawv qhia qub rau cov qhob cij sourdough. Yuav ua li cas ua noj cov khoom tseem ceeb?

Yuav ci ncuav qab zib tiag tiag raws li daim ntawv qhia qub (ib qho uas peb cov poj koob yawm txwv nyob deb tau noj tsib puas xyoo dhau los), koj yuav tsum npaj ib lub ncuav qab zib. Qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua khob cij, cov khoom lag luam zoo nkauj no muaj:

• dej;
• hmoov nplej tag nrho (nplej lossis rye wallpaper);
• kab lis kev cai poov xab;
• hom kab mob lactic acid.

Qhov piv ntawm cov kab mob ntawm cov kab mob thiabnceb colony nyob rau hauv high-zoo pib yuav tsum yog: 1:1000. Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov kua qaub yog lactic acid ntau dua li cov poov xab. Tab sis nws yog precisely ua tsaug rau qhov piv ntawm cov kab mob nyob rau hauv lub sourdough uas tiag tiag homemade qhob cij yog tsim, txawv txawv noj qab haus huv, nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb tsw thiab saj. Lub sourdough nws tus kheej yog tsim tshwj xeeb los ntawm hmoov thiab dej. Tsis muaj dab tsi ntxiv rau hauv daim ntawv qhia ncuav mog qab zib raws li qub Lavxias teb sab zaub mov txawv: tsis muaj ntsev, los yog qab zib, los yog lwm yam Cheebtsam.

Txog txheej txheem ntawm kev pib mix

Lawv ua haujlwm zoo li no:

1. Ncuav dej huv (kwv yees li 2 tablespoons) rau hauv lub thawv huv (tsis muaj lub hau lossis lub hau xoob) Tom qab ntawd ntxiv cov hmoov nplej (2 tablespoons) rau nws. yav tom ntej sourdough nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw sov (yuav tsum tsis txhob ncaj qha tshav ntuj). Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj rau muab ib lub hub ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas sourdough nyob rau hauv lub chav ua noj txee los yog tso rau ntawm lub rooj.
2. Tom qab ib hnub, ntxiv 2 tbsp rau qhov sib tov. l. dej thiab 2 tbsp. l. hmoov thiab sib tov zoo.
3. Tom qab lwm hnub, qhov kev txiav txim (ntxiv cov hmoov nplej (rye) thiab dej (sov, huv si) thiab nplawm cov kua qaub) rov ua dua.

Tom qab peb hnub, cov ntxhiab tsw qab ntxiag tshwm nyob rau hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas sourdough, reminiscent ntawm fermented hauv tsev sourdough. Cov khoom yog npaj siv.

About peculiarities of sourdough

Cov neeg uas siv daim ntawv qhia zaub mov tsis muaj poov xab qub yuav tsum muajnco ntsoov tias thaum xub thawj cov nplooj yuav hluas, tsis ripened. Nws maturation thiab transformation mus rau hauv ib tug paub tab cov khoom yog los ntawm tsis muaj txhais tau tias ib tug ceev txheej txheem thaum lub sij hawm lub sourdough yuav ruaj khov thiab acquires tag nrho nws cov yam ntxwv zoo. Lub khob cij ci los ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas sourdough sib tov yuav noj tau zoo, tab sis tsis tshwj xeeb yog cua thiab tsw qab.

Ua thawj ci

Feem ntau tus thawj pib muab faib ua ib nrab. Kwv yees li 1 khob ntawm nws ntim yog nchuav rau hauv lwm lub thawv. Nyob rau hauv lub hub qhov twg ob ib nrab ntawm cov sib tov nyob, koj yuav tsum tau ntxiv 2 tbsp. l. hmoov nplej thiab dej (ntshiab) thiab sib tov. Tom qab ntawd, lub thawv yog muab tso rau hauv qab txee ntawm lub tub yees (tsis yog qhov txias tshaj plaws). Cov txheej txheem no yuav tsum tau rov ua dua nrog txhua qhov ua tiav ntawm cov khob cij. Tom ntej no, 1 khob dej (sov, huv si) yog poured rau hauv lub thawv nrog cov xaiv pib sib tov thiab cov hmoov nplej yog sifted los ntawm ib tug sieve nyob rau hauv tib lub ntim.

Txhua yam sib tov kom huv si, tom qab ntawd cov hmoov nplej raug xa mus rau qhov chaw sov li 8-9 teev. Lub sijhawm no, nws yuav tsum ua npuas dej thiab nce, uas yuav yog ib qho kev paub tseeb ntawm kev npaj ntawm cov khoom.

Yuav ua li cas knead mov paj rau hauv tsev?

Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tiav (ua si) yog tov nrog 0.5 liv dej (sov, tab sis tsis kub), nyob rau hauv uas 1 tbsp. l. thiab do 1 kg hmoov (ib yam). Lub khob noom cookie yog kneaded kom txog thaum nws ua homogeneous thiab du. Tom qab ntawd cov khoom yog muab tso rau hauv ib qho chaw sov, nyiam dua tsis siab, npog nrog zaj duab xis. Thaum lub khob noom cookie sawv, nws muab tso rau hauv ib lub buttered pwm thiab tos kom nws sawv ib ob zaug.

khob cij ci li cas?

Cov ncuav qab zib nyob rau hauv daim ntawv raug xa mus rau qhov cub, preheated rau 180 degrees, nyob rau hauv uas ib daim ntawv ci nrog boiling dej yog pre-ntsia. Tom qab 20 feeb los ntawm qhov pib ci, daim ntawv ci yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm ntawm qhov cub, tom qab ntawd lub khob cij yuav tsum ci li ib nrab ib teev. Cov tsos ntawm ib tug golden crust nyob rau hauv lub loaf ua tim khawv rau kev npaj ntawm homemade bread. Cov qhob cij tshiab tshiab tau muab tso rau ntawm lub rooj ntoo thiab txias, npog nrog ib daim phuam huv.

Old rye bread recipes

Nws paub tias rye hmoov muaj ntau yam khoom muaj txiaj ntsig. Tsis zoo li cov hmoov nplej, rye hmoov tsis tsim gluten; nws muaj pes tsawg leeg muaj enzymes nyob rau hauv lub xeev muaj zog dua, nyob rau hauv tus ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab yog tawg. Rye hmoov kuj tseem muaj cov amino acid tsim nyog rau lub cev, nws muaj ntau cov hlau thiab magnesium dua cov hmoov nplej. Cov zaub mov qub piav qhia feem ntau ntawm cov txheej txheem ci ci los ntawm rye hmoov - ntau yam zoo heev ntawm cov khoom tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm peb cov poj koob yawm txwv tsib puas xyoo dhau los.

Yuav ua li cas rye hmoov (whole grain) bread?

Yuav ci lub ncuav no, koj yuav tsum siv cov ncuav qab zib, qhov kev npaj uas tau piav qhia saum toj no. Hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim ci, lawv ua zoo li no:

1. Ua ntej, ua ib lub khob noom cookie: ncuav lub oob khab (400 g) rau hauv ib lub tais tob, ntxiv 250 g dej (sov) thiab hmoov nplej (200 g), knead zoo kom qhov sib xws ntawm qhov sib tov zoo li qaub cream.. Lub khob noom yog sab laug"ua si" thaum hmo ntuj (ntawm chav tsev kub) lossis txog 4-5 teev hauv qhov chaw sov (ntawm qhov kub ntawm 28-30 degrees). Tom qab lub khob noom cookie ua npuas, nws tuaj yeem siv tau.
2. Tom ntej, knead lub khob noom cookie: ntxiv 2 tsp rau 200 g dej sov. ntsev, ncuav rau hauv lub khob noom cookie, maj mam stirring, ntxiv 250-300 g ntawm hmoov (rye) thiab 100 g ntawm nplej (yog hais tias koj siv tsuas yog rye hmoov, lub mov yuav tig tawm ntub), npog thiab tawm nyob rau hauv ib tug sov so qhov chaw, qhov twg rau 1, 5-2 teev Lub khob noom cookie yuav tsum roughly ob npaug ntawm qhov loj. Tom qab ntawd cov khoom sib tov (npuas yuav tsum tshwm hauv nws), grease lub pwm nrog roj (zaub) thiab nteg tawm lub khob noom cookie. Qhov saum npoo ntawm lub khob noom cookie hauv cov ntaub ntawv yog smeared nrog dej thiab smoothed ntawm tes.
3. Tom qab ntawd cov pwm yuav npog nrog ib daim ntaub thiab cov khob noom cookie tawm mus rau lwm teev rau ntawm lub rooj noj mov los yog plaub caug feeb ntawm qhov sov sov.
4. Tom qab ntawd yuav tsum tau ua kom lub qhov cub kom sov kom txog thaum lub khob cij teem, nws yuav muaj cua sov txaus.
5. Tom qab lub khob cij sawv lawm, koj tuaj yeem pib ci. Yog tias siv qhov cub, qhov kub yuav tsum yog 200 degrees thaum pib, thiab tom qab 10 feeb nws raug txo kom 170-180 degrees. Ci mov ci li 40-50 feeb. Ib qho zoo nkauj crust yuav tig tawm yog tias koj muab ib lub thawv me me dej rau hauv qab ntawm qhov cub. Cov niam tsev feem ntau muab dej tso rau hauv lub qhov cub.

Lwm daim ntawv qhia (los ntawm rye hmoov thiab dej caij nplooj ntoos hlav)

Sourdough ua li qub. Txhawm rau npaj lub khob noom cookie siv:

• rye hmoov (2.5 khob);
• hmoov nplej (0.5 khob); los yog tsuas yog rye hmoov (3 khob);
• ntsev - 2 tsp;
• qab zib (1 tbsp);
• zaub roj (1 tablespoon);
• dej sov (1 khob) - dej caij nplooj ntoos hlav;
• pib (5 tablespoons).

Txhua yam yog tov thiab muab tso rau hauv pwm los yog lub lauj kaub frying greased nrog zaub roj, npog nrog daim ntaub so ntswg thiab xa mus rau qhov chaw sov li tsib teev. Ci ntawm 200 degrees rau li 1 teev. Tom qab 20-30 feeb tom qab pib ci, lub khob cij yuav tsum tau them nrog ntawv ci kom qhov chaw tsis hlawv. Cov qhob cij tiav lawm muab tawm ntawm qhov cub thiab muab qhwv rau hauv ib daim pam thiab sab laug kom siav rau 1 teev.