Doughnuts. American donuts: daim ntawv qhia
Doughnuts. American donuts: daim ntawv qhia
Anonim

Cov khoom qab zib yog cov khoom qab zib American classic uas tau ntev los ua ib feem ntawm lub teb chaws pop kab lis kev cai. Homer Simpson nyiam noj lush bagels, nrog rau cov tub ceev xwm dhuav hauv ntau cov yeeb yaj kiab nto moo. Thiab tam sim no lawv tau pib tshwm sim hauv cov khoom noj ceev thiab khoom noj khoom haus. Dab tsi yog - American donuts thiab yuav ua li cas ua noj rau hauv peb cov xwm txheej?

keeb kwm me ntsis

Cia peb pib nrog lub npe nthuav. Nws los ntawm lus Askiv lo lus khob noom cookie - mov paj thiab txiv ntoo - txiv ntoo. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias yav dhau los American donuts tsis nyob rau hauv cov duab ntawm lub bagel, tab sis nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub pob.

Thawj qhov hais txog qhov qab zib no tau rov qab mus rau nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th, thiab cov neeg tsiv teb tsaws chaw los ntawm Denmark mus rau cov xeev tau pib ua rau lawv. Nws muaj nws tus kheej lub npe - olykoeks - butter cupcakes.

Tab sis vim nws cov duab, Asmeskas cov khoom qab zib ua los ntawm cov khob noom qab zib, kib hauv qhov tob tob, tau txais lub npe txawv - lub khob noom cookie. Ntxiv mus, ua ntej nws twb siav tsis nyob rau hauv roj, tab sis nyob rau hauv nqaij npuas rog, mus txog raugolden crust. Ib qho kev nthuav zaub mov coj hauv paus thiab tau txais qhov chaw tsis tau pom dua. Cov donuts zoo li cas hnub no? Yees duab ntawm cov molding feem ntau:

khob donuts
khob donuts

Txawm li cas los xij, muaj lwm cov qauv ntawm lub npe zoo li no. Tej zaum yuav muaj kev ua si ntawm cov lus - cov lus qhia ua khob noom cookie - khob noom cookie, hais yuav luag tib yam li "donuts" thiab tej zaum yuav muaj kev siv rau ci hauv daim ntawv ntawm tib lub npe. Los yog tej zaum lo lus txiv ntseej - txiv ntseej, tsis yog hais txog qhov tsos, tab sis tau pib siv vim tias nruab nrab ntawm lub khob noom cookie tsis boil zoo, thiab nws tau ntim nrog txiv ntseej lossis berries, uas yog, lub filling uas ua Tsis xav tau kev kho cua sov kom zoo.

Daim ntawv twg yog qhov tseeb?

Ob lub pob khoom thiab lub hnab ntim - ob leeg muaj lub npe tib yam - lub khob noom cookie. Thawj qhov kev xaiv yog keeb kwm laus dua thiab yooj yim heev los npaj hauv tsev. Tom qab tag nrho, txhua yam koj yuav tsum tau ua yog dov lub khob noom cookie rau hauv ib lub txiv ntoo me me, uas mus vwm hauv koj lub qhov ncauj. Qee lub sij hawm nws yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv raw khoom seem uas tau txais tom qab ua qhov hauv donuts-bagels - tsis txhob muab pov tseg cov khoom.

Kev xaiv molding thib ob muaj ob qhov zoo. Txhua leej txhua tus nyiam thawj - tsis muaj nqaij nruab nrab, lub donut yog sib npaug los ntawm txhua sab. Qhov thib ob yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj rau cov neeg muag khoom qab zib. Nws yog ib qho yooj yim thiab huv si rau prick ib qho khoom qab zib nrog lub qhov ntawm tus pas nrig thiab muab tso rau hauv ib lub phaj lossis hauv ib lub hnab rau tus neeg yuav khoom. Cov duab no tuaj yeem ua tau ntau txoj hauv kev:

  • dov sausages los ntawm khob noom cookie rau hauv ib lub voj voog;
  • squeeze qhov hauv ncuav mog qab zib tiav;
  • ib txhij txiav tawm sab hauvthiab lub voj voog sab nrauv los ntawm ib daim ntawv ntawm khob noom cookie siv lub cuab yeej tshwj xeeb;
  • nrog kev pab los ntawm kev sib hloov ceev ntawm lub workpiece, uas nws tawg nyob rau hauv nruab nrab thiab nws tus kheej tsim ib daim duab geometric hu ua lub torus - bagel.

Donuts tuaj yeem sib txawv tuab thiab zoo nkauj, los ntawm cov poov xab ua khob noom cookie lossis tsis tu ncua, nrog rau kev txhaws. Kuj tseem muaj ntau cov duab uas tsis yog tus qauv, xws li lub square lossis daim duab peb sab.

daim ntawv qhia donuts
daim ntawv qhia donuts

Yuav ua li cas decorate pastries?

Feem ntau cov donuts yog them nrog confectionery glaze. Tom qab ntawd nws yog dai kom zoo nkauj nrog hmoov qab zib, grated ceev, hniav sprinkles ntawm ntau yam duab thiab xim, av cinnamon. Feem ntau sab saum toj yog ntim nrog chocolate lossis xim icing. Ib tug sprinkle ntawm txiv maj phaub flakes thiab nplej pob zoo nkauj nrog nws. Cov kab txaij lossis cov qauv ntawm cov xim dawb lossis tsaus chocolate kuj zoo li ntxim nyiam. Yog li xav tias dawb los qhia koj qhov kev xav ua noj thiab nrhiav kev xaiv kho kom zoo nkauj tshiab.

homemade donuts
homemade donuts

Simple donuts. Daim ntawv qhia ua noj hauv tsev

Tej zaum koj twb nqhis dej lawm, cia peb mus ua noj ua haus txawv txawv txawv txawv teb chaws no. Yog li, cov npe khoom xyaw rau txog 18 donuts yog:

  • 35ml dawb vinegar;
  • 100 ml mis nyuj;
  • 30g margarine;
  • 110g qab zib;
  • 1 qe;
  • ½ tsp vanilla;
  • 280g sifted hmoov;
  • ½ tsp dej qab zib;
  • 1/4 tsp ntsev;
  • 1 liter refined zaub roj;
  • 70g qab zibhmoov.

Yuav ua li cas yog lub tsev ua donuts?

Sib tov vinegar nrog mis nyuj thiab cia sawv ntsug li ob peb feeb kom txog thaum nws thickens.

Nyob rau hauv ib lub tais nruab nrab, tuav chav tsev kub margarine thiab qab zib kom txog thaum tus. Sib tov qe thiab vanilla kom huv si. Sib tov hmoov, dej qab zib thiab ntsev. Maj mam ntxiv nws rau cov suab thaj thiab margarine sib tov thaum lub sij hawm nchuav hauv vinegar thiab mis nyuj. Knead lub khob noom cookie thiab dov nws tawm ntawm lub rooj sib txoos ua ke mus rau ib lub thickness ntawm 7-8 mm. Yog hais tias koj muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb donut cutter, ces koj muaj peev xwm sai sai tsim blanks. Nov yog qhov nws zoo li (duab hauv qab).

tshuab donut
tshuab donut

Yog tsis yog, muab lub khob rau lub voj voog sab nraud, txiav lub caj dab ntawm lub raj mis yas rau sab hauv. Cia sawv ntsug li 10 feeb.

Nyob hauv lub lauj kaub tob tob lossis saucepan, kub cov roj rau 190 degrees (yog tias koj tsis muaj lub ntsuas kub hauv chav ua noj, paub tias cov roj yuav tsum npau taws heev). Fry lub donuts kom txog thaum tusyees golden xim av, tsis txhob hnov qab tig ib zaug. Pat qhuav ntawm daim ntawv phuam. Plua plav nrog hmoov qab zib thaum lawv tseem sov thiab pab tam sim.

American donuts daim ntawv qhia
American donuts daim ntawv qhia

rau qhov tshwj xeeb zoo nkauj

Tam sim no peb yuav qhia koj yuav ua li cas ua poov xab donuts. Daim ntawv qhia kuj yooj yim heev, tab sis lawv siv sij hawm ntev ua noj vim lub khob noom cookie xav tau sij hawm nce ob zaug.

Cov khoom xyaw rau 20 daim:

  • 100 ml dej sov (kwv yees li 40 - 45 degrees);
  • 7g poov xab qhuav;
  • 150ml mis nyuj sov;
  • 55g margarine;
  • 45g qab zib;
  • 5g ntsev (3/4 tsp);
  • 1 qe;
  • 415g sifted hmoov;
  • 2 litres ntawm refined zaub roj;
  • 1 sachet (2g) vanilla;
  • 105g hmoov qab zib.

Glaze:

  • ¾ tsp qab zib;
  • 1 tbsp dej.

Thiab tam sim no cia peb saib yuav ua li cas cov poov xab ua hauv tsev:

  1. Ncuav dej sov rau hauv ib lub tais me me, ntxiv cov poov xab thiab 1 tsp. Sahara. Cia cov sib tov sawv ntsug kom txog rau thaum nws ua npuas ncauj rau saum - 5 mus rau 10 feeb. Nyob rau theem no, koj tuaj yeem paub tseeb tias cov poov xab zoo thiab muab cov germination kom raug.
  2. Ncuav cov mis nyuj thiab margarine rau hauv me me saucepan thiab ua noj tshaj li nruab nrab kub kom txog thaum margarine tau yaj thiab cov mis nyuj pib npuas me me npuas ncig ntawm ntug. Tshem tawm qhov sib tov ntawm qhov cub.
  3. Ncuav qab zib thiab ntsev rau hauv ib lub tais, ncuav rau hauv cov mis nyuj thiab margarine thiab tuav nrog ib tug tov ntawm tsawg ceev cia li yaj cov suab thaj. Txias me ntsis.
  4. Ntxiv lub khob noom cookie los ntawm thawj kauj ruam, qe thiab hmoov nplej sib tov. Yeej ntawm tsawg ceev kom txog thaum tus. Tom qab ntawd maj mam ntxiv cov hmoov nplej ntxiv los ua ib lub khob noom cookie.
  5. Txuas ntxiv rau 2-3 feeb. Lub resulting khob noom cookie yuav tsum pib lag tom qab cov npoo ntawm lub tais.
  6. Muab tso rau ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm thiab knead kom du thiab elastic.
  7. Puab lub khob noom cookie rau hauv ib lub pob thiab tso rau hauv lub tais loj greased, kab nrog ci parchment. Muab tsonce mus rau qhov chaw sov. Tom qab 1-1.5 teev lub khob noom cookie yuav tsum muab ob npaug rau loj.
  8. Muab nws rov qab rau ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm thiab yob tawm mus rau 1-1.5 cm tuab. Txiav cov donuts siv lub cutter 9 cm los yog raws li tau piav qhia hauv daim ntawv qhia dhau los. Cia cov blanks pw ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm li 40 feeb mus rau ib teev kom lawv sawv rov los, ua pa thiab lush.
  9. Kub cov roj hauv lub lauj kaub (yog tias koj tsis muaj, hauv lub lauj kaub loj) rau 175 degrees.
  10. Maj mam muab cov donuts rau hauv cov kua kub, 2 mus rau 3 zaug hauv ib lub sijhawm, ua noj kom txog thaum lawv muaj xim daj, ua kom rov qab ib zaug, txog 2 feeb tag nrho.
  11. Muab daim ntawv so tes tshem tawm cov roj ntau dhau.
  12. Hauv ib lub tais, sib tov 1 tablespoon dej sov, vanilla thiab hmoov qab zib. Tshaj ib txheej nyias ntawm frosting tshaj sov donuts.
  13. khob donuts photo
    khob donuts photo

Kev lag luam tsim khoom ntawm donuts

Tau kawg, kev tsim khoom loj yuav tsum muaj kev sib txawv. Lub tshuab donut tshuab tau tsim los ntawm Lavxias teb sab neeg tsiv teb tsaws chaw Adolf Levit hauv xyoo 1920 thiab nthuav tawm ntawm lub npe nrov Chicago World's Fair hauv xyoo 1924. Donuts tau touted li "kev ua noj ua haus ntawm Century of Progress" thiab tau tshwm sim nyob txhua qhov chaw txij li thaum. Cov txheej txheem ua lawv hnub no li cas?

Lub tshuab ua haujlwm puv puv suav nrog lub khob noom cookie tov chamber, donut shaping nozzles thiab nozzles, tob fryer, donut flipping mechanism thiab txias khib. Tej zaum nws yuav txawvqhov ntau thiab tsawg - los ntawm cov tshuab me me rau cov khw noj mov thiab cov khw muag khoom noj khoom haus mus rau cov chaw loj loj rau cov chaw tsim khoom thiab cov chaw tsim khoom rau kev tsim khoom qab zib thiab pastries. Raws li, tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv kuj hloov. Kuj tseem muaj cov khoom siv me me hauv tsev uas yuav pab tau rau cov kiv cua ntawm lub tais.

American donuts
American donuts

Yuav ua li cas lub tshuab donut ua haujlwm

Tom qab cov khoom xyaw rau lub khob noom cookie sib tov, ib lub taub ntim tshwj xeeb nyem nws tawm ntawm lub nozzle nyob rau hauv cov duab ntawm lub nplhaib - ib txwm du los yog curly npoo, nyob ntawm seb nws hom. Cov blanks poob rau hauv ib lub vat ntawm boiling roj thiab txav mus rau nws ntawm ib tug conveyor. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov tshuaj tsuag kub los ntawm ya ncig, lub nozzles nyob ntawm qhov siab qis saum lub thawv ua noj. Ib nrab ntawm txoj kev, lub tshuab paddle tig cov donuts kom lawv sib npaug ntawm ob sab. Tom qab ntawd lawv raug xa mus rau qhov txias txias racks. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuab yuav muaj cov cuab yeej uas tso cai rau nchuav icing rau hauv qhov khoob, tshem tawm cov icing ntau dhau, txhaj tshuaj thiab ua lwm yam haujlwm tsim nyog los tsim ntau yam khoom qab zib.

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