Yuav ua li cas khaws txiv hmab rau lub caij ntuj no?

2024 Tus sau: Isabella Gilson | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 03:27

Grapes yog ib qho khoom qab thiab noj qab nyob zoo. Berries muaj ib tug tonic thiab tonic khoom. Lawv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev ua pa, ua haujlwm ntawm lub plawv thiab cov hlab ntsha. Yuav ua li cas khaws txiv hmab txiv ntoo kom muaj lub sijhawm los txhawb kev tiv thaiv kab mob? Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev uas tau piav qhia hauv kab lus.

Kuv yuav xaiv hom twg?

Lub sijhawm khaws cia ntawm pawg yog txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov ceev thiab theem ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm berries, qab zib cov ntsiab lus. Yuav kom pheej muaj xws li nruab nrab thiab lig-ripening ntau yam ntawm cov xim tsaus, kho nrog ib tug wax txheej. Cov tshuaj no ua haujlwm tiv thaiv kab tsuag, ziab tawm thiab kev puas tsuaj.

Cov pawg rau kev khaws cia ntev yuav tsum xaiv xoob, nrog cov txiv ntoo loj tag nrho zaum ntawm stalks. Unripe thiab overripe txiv hmab txiv ntoo lwj sai sai. Ib qho tseem ceeb parameter yog cov ntsiab lus qab zib ntawm berries - qhov ntau nws yog, qhov zoo ntawm kev khaws cia zoo. Cov nram qab no ntau yam tsim nyog rau lub caij ntuj no cia:

1. "Moldova".

Lydia.

2. "Alden".
3. "Typhi pink".
4. "Hamburg Muscat" thiab "Alexandrian Muscat".
5. "Senso".
6. "Nyob hauv nco txog Negrul".
7. "Moldavian dub".

Cov txiv hmab no zoo li tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm cov kab mob. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws khaws nws cov saj thiab aroma rau 4-6 lub hlis, thiab tsis poob xim rau lub sijhawm ntev.

Cia sau

Ua ntej koj kawm paub khaws cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, koj yuav tsum ua raws li cov cai rau kev sau thiab loj hlob. Txawm hais tias muaj ntau yam raug xaiv, nws tsis yog qhov lav ntawm lub txee ntev.

Cov xwm txheej rau kev loj hlob thiab sau qoob loo yog qhov tseem ceeb:

1. Vim yog dej ntau dhau, lub txee lub neej ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo raug txo. 40-45 hnub ua ntej sau, irrigation ntawm bushes yuav tsum ua kom tiav. Yog li ntawd, tsis tsim nyog ya raws tawm ntawm berries, thiab qab zib nce.
2. Ib feem ntawm cov pawg raug tshem tawm ntawm cov hav txwv yeem (txog 25%), uas txhim kho kev khaws cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo. Yog hais tias lub vine tsis unloaded nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm, lub berries yuav pib crumble thiab wither. Lawv tsis zoo li mus khaws cia.
3. Koj yuav tsum tau noj cov txiv hmab kom zoo. Yog tias cov chiv nitrogen (mineral lossis organic) tau siv ntau, ces cov qoob loo yuav tsis kav ntev. Thiab phosphorus-potassium tebchaw tso cai rau koj kom nce cov suab thaj thiab txuas lub neej txee.
4. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav tsum tiv thaiv cov kab mob thiab kab mob - cuam tshuam cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo sai sai.
5. Kev sau yog ua tau zoo tshaj plaws rau hnub tshav ntuj. Txiav cov txiv hmab sai sai, thiab tom qab ntawd hloov mus rau qhov ntxoov ntxoo. Yuav tsum tsis txhob uasib sau ua ke thaum sawv ntxov thiab yav tsaus ntuj.
6. Yog tias koj khaws cov qoob loo dai, txhuam yuav tsum tau txiav rau hauv thaj tsam nrog ib feem ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntev 7-9 cm.
7. Crates tuaj yeem ntim nrog combs.
8. Tiv thaiv cov quav ciab los ntawm kev puas tsuaj, cov khoom sib dhos yuav tsum ua haujlwm nrog cov hnab looj tes nyias. Tsis txhob kov cov berries thaum ua qhov no.

Yog tias cog thiab txiav kom raug, koj yuav tsum paub qhov chaw khaws txiv hmab kom khaws cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig.

hauv cellar

Yuav ua li cas khaws txiv hmab hauv lub cellar? Ua ntej tso, cov pawg yuav tsum tau tshuaj xyuas, thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo puas yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm nrog tweezers. Nws tsis yog qhov tsim nyog los ntxuav cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, vim tias cov wax txheej yuav raug tshem tawm, uas yuav ua rau nws deteriorate sai. Lub cellar lossis hauv qab daus yuav tsum tau npaj ua ntej. Cov kab lis kev cai no ntshai cov av noo, huab cua tsis raug, pwm thiab kab tsuag. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom ua raws li cov cai hauv qab no:

1. Chav yuav tsum muaj qhov cua zoo. Nws yuav tsum tau ventilated ib ntus. Tom qab ntawd nws yuav muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv cov qoob loo los ntawm dampness thiab pwm.
2. Yog tias qhov kub hauv lub caij ntuj no qis dua xoom, yuav tsum muaj kev rwb thaiv tsev, vim cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav tsum tau khaws cia ntawm qhov kub ntawm +1 txog +8 degrees. Ntawm tus nqi siab, berries poob dej thiab qhuav.
3. Huab cua yuav tsum yog 80%. Nws yuav qhuav yog tias koj muab ib lub thoob ntawm charcoal, sawdust los yog quicklime nyob rau hauv lub ces kaum ntawm chav tsev.
4. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev tsim pwm ntawm phab ntsa, chav yuav tsum tau ntxuav nrog txiv qaub. Thiab txhawm rau tshem tawm cov kab tsuag, fumigation nrog sulfur los yog ib khub ntawm quicklime yog siv. Tshuaj tua kab mobua ib lub hlis ua ntej tso cov qoob loo cia kom cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tsis muaj tshuaj lom los ntawm cov kab mob lom.
5. Tsis txhob tso cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo nrog cov khoom tsw qab. Zaub yuav tsum tsis txhob nyob ib puag ncig. Qee qhov, piv txwv li, qos yaj ywm, zucchini tsim cov dej noo, uas cuam tshuam rau cov berries.

Tom qab ua tiav qhov kev npaj, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav tsum muab tso rau hauv cellar rau lub caij ntuj no. Qhov no ua tiav ntau txoj hauv kev.

ntim dej

Txoj kev no zoo tagnrho rau cov qoob loo me. Yuav ua li cas khaws grapes nrog txoj kev no? Cov pawg yuav tsum tau txiav nrog ib tug vine, ntev kawg ntawm uas yog ces pauv mus rau ib lub raj mis uas muaj dej. Lub thawv yuav tsum tau kho ntawm lub kaum sab xis kom cov txhuam hniav dai dawb.

Ntxiv ib ntsiav tshuaj ntawm cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob lossis tshuaj aspirin rau hauv dej - lawv yuav tsis ua kom cov kab mob putrefactive. Qhov no yuav ua kom cov berries tshiab. Periodically, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau ua ib qho kev txiav ntawm vine kom muaj kev nqus ntau dua ntawm cov as-ham. Yog li cov berries khaws cia tsawg kawg 2 lub hlis.

Nyob hauv kab

Yuav ua li cas khaws txiv pos rau ntawm cov hlau? Cov txhuam hniav yuav tsum tau muab khi rau hauv khub nrog twine, qhwv ib ncig ntawm cov combs. Tom qab ntawd koj yuav tsum tau dai cov qoob loo ntawm ib txoj hlua khi, hlua lossis ntoo ncej. Cov pawg yuav tsum tsis txhob kov ib leeg, yog li cov kev txhawb nqa tau muab tso rau ntawm qhov siab sib txawv. Txoj kev no tsim nyog rau chav dav.

Berry nyob twj ywm tshiab thiab tsis poob lawv saj rau 3 lub hlis. Burlap los yog polyethylene yuav tsum tau ncab nyob rau hauv cov pawg thiaj li tsis mus tsoo lub berries. Tom qab tag nrho, ib tug vinegar yoov yuav tshwm sim rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo puas, kis rau tag nrho cov qoob loo.

Crates or ntoo tubs

Yuav ua li cas khaws txiv hmab rau lub caij ntuj no li no? Sawdust 2-3 cm tuab yuav tsum tau nteg tawm nyob rau hauv qab ntawm lub thawv, tom qab uas grapes yog muab tso rau lawv. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas cov pawg tsis txhob kov. Lub tub lossis lub thawv yuav tsum tau ntim rau saum toj, hloov cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov khoom siv ntau, thiab tom qab ntawd xoob kaw nrog lub hau kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam huab cua pauv.

Sawdust tau pw tom kawg. Ua ntej tso lub thawv yuav tsum tau fumigated nrog sulfur. Nws tsis yog yuav tsum tau siv ntoo thuv lossis spruce sawdust, vim lawv cuam tshuam rau saj ntawm berries, nws yog advisable xaiv linden los yog poplar. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws muab tub lim yog cork hmoov.

Koj tuaj yeem siv cov thawv qis, uas yuav tsum tau muab cov quav cab, cov ntawv huv lossis cov khoom siv ntuj tsim, uas cov berries tau stacked, ridges. Berries yog khaws cia rau hauv ib lub thawv rau 1, 5-2 lub hlis. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov qoob loo, koj yuav tsum tau tshuaj xyuas txhua 2-3 lub lis piam, tshem tawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo lwj.

Nyob hauv rhawv

Shelving yuav tsum tob txog 80 cm. Cov pawg yooj yim tig los yog nqa tawm. Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov txee yuav yog li 30 cm. Straw yog softening txaj. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv straw tshauv, uas yog suav tias yog cov tshuaj tua kab mob zoo heev, thiab tseem ua haujlwm tiv thaiv kab tsuag thiab fungus. Cov pawg yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv ib kab nrog ridges deb ntawm koj kom nws yooj yim rau kev tshuaj xyuas cov qoob loo.

tub yees

Lawv puas khaws txiv hmab hauv lub tub yees? Cov cuab yeej yuav khaws cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo rau lub sijhawm ntev. Yog tias cov qoob loo me me, ces qhov kev xaiv no yuav yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws. Hauv kev lag luam, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tau muab tso rau hauv cov chav kaw, qhov twg cov roj ib puag ncig tau tswj hwm.

Yuav ua li cas khaws txiv pos rau hauv lub tub yees? Nws yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv "freshness cheeb tsam", qhov twg qhov kub ntawm 0 mus rau +2 degrees, thiab cov av noo tsis tsawg tshaj li 90%. Hauv seem no, cov khoom yuav raug khaws cia ntev txog 6 lub hlis yam tsis tau poob ntawm saj thiab cov as-ham. Grapes yuav tsum tsis txhob muab ntxuav ua ntej muab tso rau hauv lub tub yees. Cov bunches yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv ib txheej kom cov ridges nce. Tsis txhob qhwv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo hauv polyethylene - qhov no yuav ua rau pwm.

Nyiam

Koj tuaj yeem khaws cov txiv hmab hauv lub tub yees, hauv lub tub yees. Hauv qhov no, berries khaws lawv saj thiab txiaj ntsig. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav tsum tsis txhob rov khov. Tsaus ntau yam kav ntev dua li lub teeb, tab sis cov qoob loo sib txawv yog tsim rau khov.

Cov pawg yuav tsum tau ntxuav cov khib nyiab, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo puas, thiab tom qab ntawd ntxuav thiab qhuav. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav tsum tau muab tso rau ntawm ib lub tais thiab muab tso rau hauv lub tub yees rau 2 teev. Tom qab ntawd rau ib nrab ib teev koj yuav tsum tau tshem tawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyob rau hauv lub freezer. Tom qab ntawd nws yuav tsum tau ntim rau hauv ntim thiab khov. Txhawm rau txuag, koj tuaj yeem siv tsis tau tsuas yog tag nrho cov txhuam hniav, tab sis kuj yog ib tus neeg berries. Lub teeb ntau yam yog khov zoo tshaj plaws hauv cov kua qab zib: qab zib (1 khob) thiab dej (2 khob) yog xav tau.

Nrog defrosting, berries yuav tsum tau nchuav nrog dej txias rau ib teev. Koj yuav tsum noj tam sim ntawd. Tab sis nws tseem zoo dua kom khaws cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo rau hauv qab txee ntawm lub tub yees.los ntawm 10 teev sawv ntxov txog 6 teev tsaus ntuj. Tom qab ntawd lub defrosting yuav du, vim qhov saj yuav nplua nuj.

Grapes yog ib qho khoom plig zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov xwm txheej, uas tuaj yeem noj tsis tau rau lub caij. Nrog kev cia kom zoo, berries yuav nyob hauv tsev rau ib xyoos.